RU155225U1 - DRILLING CIRCULATION ADAPTER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A drill string circulation sub, comprising a tubular body provided with external holes, a stepped spool with radial holes, a spring, a saddle, plugs, balls, an internal feed bore passing through the tubular body and a stepped spool through which the primary fluid path passes, wherein the stepped spool has a first position in which the outer holes and radial holes are closed, and a second position of the stepped spool, in which the primary the fluid flow path, and the radial and external holes are communicated for the entire fluid volume to enter the annular gap of the wellbore, characterized in that the balls contain at least one deformable blocking ball and at least one rigid deactivation ball, while the cross section of the deformable blocking ball exceeds the cross section of the outer hole of the tubular body is 3% -15%, the cross section of the hard deactivation ball is 0.8% -15% larger than the cross-section of the radial holes of the stepped spool, contains a ball receiving device, p, ledge of the tubular body, a throttle disk between the spring and the end face of the stepped spool. 2. The circulation sub according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial clearance Z between the throttle disk and the bore of the tubular body is 1-5 mm. 3. The circulation sub according to claim 1, characterized in that the height H of the disk is 3% -15% of the stroke L of the stepped spool from stop to ledge

Description

The invention relates to devices for selectively supplying fluid to a wellbore, namely, to circulating sub of a drill string with a hydraulic downhole motor.

Known circulation sub drill string (Patent RU No. 2440482, IPC ЕВВ 21/10, publ. 01/20/2012), including a tubular housing provided with an external hole, a stepped spool installed with the possibility of sliding inside the tubular body, an internal flow hole passing through the tubular the housing and the stepped spool through which the primary path of the fluid passes, while the stepped spool has a first position in which the outer hole is made to overlap from the primary trajectory fluid, and a second position in which the primary fluid path is blocked and an external hole is opened to bypass the specified path between the flow hole and the annular clearance of the wellbore, and a dividing mechanism installed between the tubular body and the stepped spool to direct the spool between the first and second position.

In the known design of the drill string circulation sub, the control of the fluid path occurs by reducing or interrupting the flow of the drilling fluid (circulation) to the downhole tool, resulting in the reinstallation of the dividing device and the change in the direction of fluid supply with a subsequent increase or resumption of circulation. To create the force necessary for the work of the dividing mechanism, from the pressure of the flushing fluid on the spool, a ball is used that is discharged 2

or discharged into the drill string and carried by the drilling fluid to the saddle of the stepped spool. Dropping the ball once - to move from the transport position to the passage (initial). Subsequently, the ball remains on the saddle of the tool until it is removed.

A disadvantage of the known design is the need to take into account the number of changes in circulation that necessarily occur when building drill pipes to determine the current state of the dividing mechanism and the path of the fluid. The disadvantages include the fact that at the moment of landing of the ball on the saddle, the stepped spool tends to instantly change position, moving down, which causes peak mechanical loads on the dividing mechanism, reducing its reliability and reliability.

Patent RU No. 2440482, IPC ЕВВ 21/10 adopted as a prototype.

The technical problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase reliability, simplify control of the fluid path and reduce hydraulic losses that occur when flowing around a ball located on a saddle.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the circulation sub of the drill string containing a tubular body, equipped with external holes, a stepped spool with radial holes, a spring, a saddle, plugs, balls, an internal flow hole passing through the tubular body and a stepped spool through which the primary path of the fluid passes, with the stepped spool having a first position in which the outer holes and radial holes are closed, and the second position of the stupa chatogo spool, wherein the blocked primary trajectory of the fluid, and the radial and outward openings communicated for receipt total volume of fluid in the annulus of the wellbore, according to the utility model, the balls comprise at least one deformable ball block and at least one rigid ball 3

deactivation, while the cross section of the deformable blocking ball exceeds the cross section of the outer hole of the tubular body by 3% -15%, the cross section of the hard deactivation ball is 0.8% -15% larger than the cross section of the radial holes of the stepped spool, contains a ball receiving device, an emphasis, a ledge of the tubular body throttle plate between the spring and the end face of the stepped spool.

In addition, the radial clearance Z between the throttle disk and the bore of the tubular body is 1-5 mm.

In addition, the height H of the disk is 3% -15% of the stroke L of the stepped spool from the stop to the ledge of the tubular body.

In the proposed utility model of the drill pipe circulation sub, the balls contain at least one deformable blocking ball, which allows holding the stepped spool in the position when the radial and external holes communicate and increase the reliability of the device.

In the proposed utility model, the balls contain at least one hard ball of deactivation, which allows creating the pressure drop necessary for breaking the balls, which increases the reliability of the device.

In the proposed utility model, the cross section of the deformable blocking ball exceeds the cross section of the outer hole of the tubular body by 3% -15%, which allows holding the ball with a saddle until the regulated pressure is reached and increasing the reliability of the device.

In the proposed utility model, the cross section of the hard deactivation ball is 0.8% -15% larger than the cross section of the radial openings of the stepped spool, which ensures the cessation of circulation through the radial openings of the stepped spool and increases pressure and increases the reliability of the device.

The proposed utility model of the drill pipe circulation sub contains a ball receiving device that allows 4

to delay the balls passing through the stepped spool from falling into the underlying elements of the drill string and increase the reliability of the device.

The proposed utility model of the drill pipe circulation sub contains a stop holding the spring-loaded spool in the first position, which ensures the separation of the annular gap of the wellbore and the channels of the tubular body, which simplifies the control of the fluid supply path.

In the proposed utility model of the drill pipe circulation sub, in contrast to the prototype, the tubular body contains a step that defines the second position of the stepped spool, providing a message of the annular gap of the wellbore and the channels of the tubular body above the deformable activation ball mounted on the saddle, which simplifies the control of the flow path of the fluid Wednesday.

Unlike the prototype, the proposed utility model contains a throttle disk between the spring and the end face of the stepped spool to reduce the speed of movement of the stepped spool at the moment of contact with the step in the tubular body, as well as to reduce the energy of collisions arising from longitudinal vibrations of the drill string caused by the work of the bit on the bottom , which increases the reliability of the device.

In addition, the radial clearance Z between the throttle disk and the bore of the tubular body is 1-5 mm, which allows to reduce the velocity of the fluid from the cavity occupied by the spring when its volume changes due to the movement of the stepped spool.

In addition, the height H of the disk is 3% -15% of the stroke L of the stepped spool from the stop to the ledge of the tubular body, which creates a braking section of the stepped spool, during which 5

spool speed is reduced, allowing shockless contact with the ledge in the tubular body.

The proposed design of the drill string circulation sub allows you to increase the reliability of the work by introducing a hydraulic braking section during the transition from the first position of the stepped spool to the second, to dampen the vibrations of the stepped spool during longitudinal vibrations of the drill string, and also to simplify the control of the path of the fluid into the well, making it independent on the number of changes in circulation.

In FIG. 1 shows the drill pipe circulation sub in the initial position.

In FIG. 2 shows the drill pipe circulation sub in the activated position.

In FIG. 3 shows a drill string circulation sub in a locked activated position.

In FIG. 4 shows the drill string circulation sub in the deactivation step.

In FIG. 5 shows the circulation sub of the drill string during the transition to the initial position.

The drill string circulation sub (Fig. 1) consists of a tubular body 1 with external holes 2 passing through the through plugs 7. The through external hole 2 has the smallest cross section in the plug 7 made through. The tubular body 1 has end connecting threads. Inside the tubular body 1, a stepped spool 3 is mounted with the possibility of sliding. The device has an internal supply hole 9. In the tubular body 1, seals 17 are installed on both sides of the plugs 7, preventing leakage of fluid into the gap between the tubular body 1 and the large diameter of the stepped spool 3 The tubular body 1 has a step 11. The spring 5 is mounted on a small diameter 6

a stepped spool 3, resting on the stage of the tubular body 1, presses the stepped spool 3 against the stop 10. In the stepped spool 3 below the radial holes 4, a saddle 6 is installed. To prevent the stepped spool 3 from turning, it has a longitudinal groove, which includes a guide 16 fixed to the tubular casing 1. Stroke L is the distance traveled by the stepped spool 3 from the stop 10 to the ledge 11 of the tubular casing 1. Between the spring 5 and the end face 18 of the spool 3 there is a throttle disk 12 (Fig. 2) of height N. Throttle dis to 12 forms with a bore 19 of the tubular body 1 a gap Z when the stepped spool 3 is in the second position, characteristic of the activated (Fig. 2) and blocked (Fig. 3) position, as well as at the initial stage of deactivation (Fig. 4).

The circulation sub is controlled by control balls made in the form of a deformable activation ball 8 (Fig. 3), deformable blocking balls 13 (Fig. 3) and hard deactivation balls 14 (Fig. 4). Below the spool along the end thread is attached a device for receiving balls 15 (Fig. 1). During operation, channels A, B, C, D, E, F, G are formed in the circulating sub of the drill string (Fig. 1). The F-G channel is a bypass and allows for a fluid flow when filling the ball receiving device with control balls (Fig. 5) and stopping circulation through the E-G channel (Fig. 1). Channel Y (Fig. 2) is connected to the annular gap of the wellbore (not shown).

The circulation sub drill string works as follows.

The drill string circulation sub, during operation, can be in one of the following states: initial (Fig. 1), activated (Fig. 2), blocked (Fig. 3), and the deactivation step (Fig. 4), which returns the circulating sub to the original condition (Fig. 5).

In the initial state of the circulation sub (Fig. 1), the stepped spool 3 is in the first position, preloaded 7

spring 5 to the stop 10, the entire fluid flow is directed to the outlet of the tubular body 1 through the channel ABCD and then through the device for receiving balls 15 through the channels E (F) -G to the output of the circulation sub, forming the primary path of the fluid, the message of the internal cavity of the circulation sub with annular clearance of the wellbore (not shown) is excluded. To switch to the activated position, a deformable activation ball 8 (Fig. 2) is discharged into the drill string (not shown), which is transferred by the drilling fluid to the saddle 6 of the spool 3, after the activation ball 8 is seated on the saddle, the underlying CDE channels (F) are cut off -G and causing an increase in pressure over the stepped spool 3, leading to compression of the spring 5 and the displacement of the stepped spool until the end 18 contacts the step 11 of the tubular body 1. When the step spool 3 is in the second position near the step 11 of the tubular about the housing 1, the radial holes 4 in the stepped spool 3 and the outer holes 2 in the tubular housing 1 are connected to form the channel A-B-Y connecting the inner space of the drill pipe with the annular gap of the wellbore (not shown). In the absence of flow, the stepped spool 3 under the action of the spring 5 returns to the first position, providing separation of the internal space of the drill pipe (not shown) with the annular gap of the wellbore (not shown). To ensure a flow-independent communication of the internal space of the drill pipe with an annular clearance of the borehole, a deformable blocking ball 13 (Fig. 3) is used, which is carried by the drilling fluid to the external hole 2, partially entering it, and preventing the stepped spool 3 from returning to the first position. Moreover, the cross section of the deformable blocking ball exceeds the cross section of the outer hole 2 of the tubular body 1 by 3% -15%. A deformable blocking ball 13 is used when finding the circulation 8

sub in the activated state. To return the circulation sub to its initial state from any state, two rigid deactivation balls 14 (Fig. 4) are used, discharged into the drill string and transferred by the drilling fluid to the radial holes 4 (Fig. 2) in the stepped spool 3. At the same time, the cross section of the hard ball deactivation 14 is 0.8% -15% larger than the cross-section of the radial holes of the 4-stage spool 3. When the circulation sub is in the locked position (Fig. 3), one rigid deactivation ball 14 (Fig. 4) overlaps the free radial hole, the second remains in the zone between the deformable activation ball 8 and the blocking ball 13. Overlapping with the rigid deactivation ball 14 of the free radial hole 4 causes an increase in pressure, pushing the deformable blocking ball 13 (Fig. 5) through the plug 7, after which the second hard deactivation ball 14 closes the remaining radial hole 4, causing a repeated increase in pressure greater than the first one, leading to the pushing of the deformable activation ball 8 through the seat 6. After the passage of the deformable activation ball 8 through saddle 6, stepped spool 3 returns to the first position, and the circulation sub in its original state. Deformable balls of activation 8 (Fig. 5) and deactivation 14 pass down the channels C-D-E and are delayed by the device receiving balls 15.

When the circulation sub is in the activated position (Fig. 2), the use of hard deactivation balls 14 restores it to its original state similar to that described above, except for the stage of pushing the deformable blocking ball 13 through the through plug 7.

The ball receiving device 15 has two channels E-G and F-G. The E-G channels, as the operating modes of the circulation sub change, are blocked by the control balls, redistributing the fluid flow through the tool along the F-G bypass (Fig. 5).

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Upon transition, and the step valve 3 is in the second position, characteristic of the activated (Fig. 2) and blocked (Fig. 3) position, as well as at the initial stage of deactivation (Fig. 4), the throttle disk 12 forms with the bore 19 of the tubular body 1 in the zone of the thrust ledge 11, the gap Z. In this case, the radial clearance Z between the throttle disk 12 and the bore 19 of the tubular body 1 forming the ledge 11 is 1-5 mm. The height H of the throttle disk 12 is 3% -15% of the stroke L of the stepped spool 3 from the stop 10 to the ledge 11 of the tubular body 1.

Thus, the proposed utility model of a drill string circulation sub with the indicated distinguishing features in combination with known features allows to increase the reliability of the device, dampen the vibrations of the stepped spool, simplify the control of the fluid path, making it independent of the number of changes in circulation and reduce hydraulic losses that occur during flow around the ball, improve the operation of the device.

Claims (3)

1. A drill string circulation sub, comprising a tubular body provided with external holes, a stepped spool with radial holes, a spring, a saddle, plugs, balls, an internal feed bore passing through the tubular body and a stepped spool through which the primary fluid path passes, wherein the stepped spool has a first position in which the outer holes and radial holes are closed, and a second position of the stepped spool, in which the primary the fluid flow path, and the radial and external holes are communicated for the entire fluid volume to enter the annular gap of the wellbore, characterized in that the balls contain at least one deformable blocking ball and at least one rigid deactivation ball, while the cross section of the deformable blocking ball exceeds the cross section of the outer hole of the tubular body is 3% -15%, the cross section of the hard deactivation ball is 0.8% -15% larger than the cross-section of the radial holes of the stepped spool, contains a ball receiving device, p, the ledge of the tubular body, a throttle disk between the spring and the end face of the stepped spool. 2. The circulation sub according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial clearance Z between the throttle disk and the bore of the tubular body is 1-5 mm. 3. The circulation sub according to claim 1, characterized in that the height H of the disk is 3% -15% of the stroke L of the stepped spool from stop to ledge

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