RU154884U1 - WAY SWITCH - Google Patents

Abstract

Trip switch, comprising a housing with a cover and holes for electric cables, a gasket made of elastic material installed between the housing and the cover, a contact block with locking tabs mounted on a seat on the bottom of the housing and secured against movement by means of the cover through a sealing gasket supported on the locking protrusions of the contact block, a nozzle with means for moving the slider of the contact block, made in the form of a pusher with a spherical working surface or roller interacting with the slider of the contact block, and the nozzle is mounted on the housing with the possibility of reinstallation with a rotation of 90 ° and 180 ° relative to the axis of the pusher, on which a gland made of an elastic material made with an annular corrugation is installed, the peripheral part of which is fixed between the outer the surface of the housing and the supporting surface of the nozzle, in the openings of the housing under the electric cables, plugs are installed with the possibility of replacing them when installing the electric cable with sealed packages otneniya between hole surface and an outer surface of the cable.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, namely, switches with a control body designed for switching electrical control circuits under the influence of moving work elements, in particular to overhead switches used in the automation of elevator and industrial equipment.

State of the art

Known travel switch containing a housing, a contact group (contact block), kinematically connected through a pusher with a spring-loaded cam, rigidly connected to the lever, equipped with a latch, a spring-loaded compression spring and mounted on the same axis with the pusher on opposite sides of the cam, while on the working the surface of the cam symmetrical recesses are made, interacting with the pusher and the clamp (see AS No. 1794262, publ. 07.02.1993 [1].

A disadvantage of the known limit switch [1] is the complexity of the design and assembly through the use of a cam and a latch, as well as the difficulty of replacing the executive link and the contact block in the event of a malfunction of one of them.

A trip switch is also known, comprising a housing, a drive shaft, on which a lever and a leash with a spring-loaded pusher are installed, the end of which is formed by inclined surfaces connecting at an angle, a contact lever mounted on the driven shaft, and a block with fixed contacts, in which the driven shaft has the upper and lower protrusions located on the same axis, while the upper protrusion has the ability to interact with the inclined surfaces of the pusher, and the lower protrusion is introduced into the supporting recesses of the pads with Tew articulation displacement (cm. AS №1799485, publ. 02/28/1993. [2]

A disadvantage of the known limit switch [2] is also the complexity of the design and assembly due to the large number of parts of complex construction of which it consists, as well as the difficulty of replacing the executive link and contacts in case of failure of one of them.

The closest in design and technical result is a limit switch containing a contact block and a pusher (executive link) installed in the body of the contact block with the possibility of limited axial movement and interaction with the slider of the contact block (see AS No. 1949903, publ. 12.04 .1967 [3].

A disadvantage of the known limit switch [3] is the difficulty of replacing the executive link or the contact block in case of failure of one of them, requiring disassembly of the entire device, and low reliability of the design, especially in dusty conditions, high humidity, etc., for example, in elevator shafts, in metal or woodworking shops, due to the ingress of dust, moisture, coolant, and / or chips on the moving parts of the device and electrical contacts, as well as lubricants on the contact surfaces of electrical contacts.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical problem to which the utility model is directed is to obtain a simple, technological, durable, reliable, easy-to-use and maintainable design of the trip switch, in which if one part of the device fails, it can be quickly replaced.

The essential features of the track switch are the presence of a housing with a cover and holes for electric cables, a gasket made of an elastic material installed between the housing and the cover, a contact block with locking tabs mounted on a seat on the bottom of the housing and secured against movement by means of the cover through the sealing gasket based on the locking protrusions of the contact block, nozzles with means of moving the slide of the contact group, made in the form of a push For a spherical working surface or roller interacting with the slider of the contact block, moreover, the nozzle is mounted on the housing with the possibility of reinstallation with rotation by 90 ° and 180 ° relative to the axis of the pusher, on which a corrugated gland of elastic material is installed with interference, the peripheral part of which fixed between the outer surface of the housing and the supporting surface of the nozzle, plugs are installed in the holes of the housing for electric cables with the possibility of replacing them when installing an electric cable For tight seals between the surface of the hole and the outer surface of the cable.

Essential features of the track switch that are common with the prototype [3] are that it contains a contact block and a pusher installed with the possibility of limited axial movement and interaction with the contact block slider.

Distinctive essential features of the trip switch, not known from the prototype [3], is the supply of a housing with a cover and openings for electric cables, a gasket made of elastic material installed between the housing and the cover, while the contact block is equipped with locking tabs mounted on the landing a place at the bottom of the housing and is secured against movement by means of a gasket resting on the locking protrusions of the contact block, with a nozzle with means for moving the slide to contact group, made in the form of a pusher with a spherical working surface or a roller interacting with the slider of the contact block, and the nozzle is mounted on the housing with the possibility of reinstallation with rotation of 90 ° and 180 ° relative to the axis of the pusher, on which a corrugated gland made of elastic elastic material, the peripheral part of which is fixed between the outer surface of the housing and the supporting surface of the nozzle, plugs are installed in the holes of the housing for electric cables with the possibility of their replacement when mounting the electric cable to hermetic seals between the surface of the hole and the outer surface of the cable.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows the design of the track switch in the context (1/4 cut out) - a top view with the cover removed and the gasket in which the pusher has a spherical working surface.

In FIG. 2 shows the design of the overhead switch in the context (1/4 cut out) - a top view with the cover removed and the gasket showing a fixed electrical contact for grounding, and the pusher is equipped with a roller with a cylindrical working surface.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the construction of the contact block (top view with the upper part removed), in which fixed contacts are conventionally removed only on the left, while the middle part of the slider and one fixed contact are conventionally cut by a plane passing in the middle of the slider.

In FIG. 4 shows the construction of the contact block (view along arrow A in FIG. 3).

In FIG. 5 shows the construction of the upper part of the contact block (view along arrow B in FIG. 4).

In FIG. 6 shows a section BB in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 7 is a view G of FIG. 6.

In FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the construction of the upper part of the contact block with guide pins (view along arrow B in FIG. 4).

In FIG. 9 shows the design of the stationary electrical contact 11 (front view).

In FIG. 10 shows the design of a fixed electrical contact 11 (side view).

In FIG. 11 shows the design of the stationary electrical contact 11 (top view).

In FIG. 12 shows the design of the stationary electrical contact 12 (side view).

In FIG. 13 shows the design of the stationary electrical contact 12 (front view).

In FIG. 14 shows the design of the stationary electrical contact 12 (top view).

Utility Model Implementation

The utility model can be implemented in the following design.

The travel switch comprises a housing 1 with a lid repeating the shape of the housing 1. Between the housing 1 and the lid, a gasket made of an elastic material is installed, repeating the shape of the housing 1 and the lid. In the housing 1 there are openings 2 for electric cables, into which plugs 3 are inserted, threaded holes 4 for screws for fastening the cover, and the contact block 5 is installed. The seat for the housing of the contact block 5 is the bottom surface of the housing 1 and its side protrusions and / or side surfaces located inside the housing 1 so that they limit the movement of the contact block 5 relative to the walls of the housing 1.

Outside to the housing 1, by means of 4 screws 6, conventional and spring (washer) washers, a nozzle housing 7 is attached, in the opening of which a pusher 8 is partially installed, partially located in the opening of the housing 1 of the traveling switch. On the casing side of the nozzle 7 on the casing 1 of the traveling switch, in the attachment point of the nozzle, square protrusions are made in cross section with beveled vertices closest to the opening of the housing 1 located on the nozzle side.

The nozzle body 7 is made with a square lower landing part, in which ledges are made at the corners from below, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the protrusions of the housing 1 of the traveling switch.

In the body of the nozzle 7 is installed with the possibility of axial movement of the pusher 8.

The contact block 5 comprises a slider 9, a return spring 10, fixed electrical contacts 11 and 12, movable electrical contacts 13 fixedly mounted on the conductive plate 14, a contact spring 15. The fixed electrical contacts 11 and 12 have a bent portion 16. The contact block 5 also contains screws 17 and pads 18. Lugs 19 are made on the housing of the contact block. Holes 20 and 21 are made in the housing 1. The pusher 8 is prefabricated and consists of a rod 22 to which is screwed by a lock washer 23 and a bolt 24 to the plate 25 s a tooth contour bent at right angles, and then a stepped roller with a shoulder made of plastic is attached by pressing it to the end of the metal rod 22 with the teeth of the plate 25 due to their deformation around the shoulder of the stepped roller.

The pusher 8 is isolated from the inner space of the track switch housing 1 by means of an insulating element fixed to the push rod, an oil seal 26, made of an elastic material with an annular corrugation, the peripheral part of which is clamped without a gap between the side surface of the track switch switch housing 1 and the supporting surface of the nozzle body 7 .

An inclined surface 27 is made in the housing of the contact block. The slider 9 has a cylindrical shank 28.

The working surface of the pusher 8 is either the cylindrical surface of the roller 29 (Fig. 2), pivotally mounted on the pusher 8 and located in the groove 30 of the nozzle body 7, or its end spherical surface 31 (Fig. 1).

The housing 1 also contains a fixed electrical contact 32 for connecting the wire to ground.

The housing of the contact block has a box shape and consists of two parts 33 and 34 (Fig. 4) made of an insulating material.

In the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5 (Fig. 3) there is a slider 9 made of an insulating material, a return spring 10, fixed electrical contacts 11 and 12, a movable electrical contact 13 made in the form of an elongated conductive plate 14 fixed to its opposite the ends from different sides by electrical contact elements 35, located in a rectangular groove 36 of the slider 9 together with a contact spring 15, pressing the plate 14 in the opposite direction to the position of the pusher 8.

Each fixed electrical contact 11 and 12 is made in the form of a curved plate 16 (Fig. 9-14) made of conductive material supporting an electrical contact element 37.

Each electrical contact element 37 is mounted on the lower part 38 of its curved plate 16, the middle part of which 39, is bent at a right angle to the lower and upper parts 40, which is also bent relative to the lower and middle parts at a right angle, forming a rectangular area (Fig. 10 , 11, 12, 14), in which a threaded hole 41 for a screw 17 is made, for clamping an electric wire between the pad 40 of the plate 16 and the plate 18. For a reliable threaded connection, the threaded hole is smaller than not bhodimo diameter and by an inner flange form an opening surrounded by an annular bead of greater diameter, which already threaded screw 17.

Two plates 16, made in the performance of pos. 11 (Fig. 1, 3, 9-11) and two other plate 16, made in the mirror version of pos. 12 (Figs. 1, 3, 12-14) are installed in the lower part of the contact block 5, while the lower part 38 of each plate 16 is included in its intended groove located on the bottom 42 in the lower part of the housing 5 of the contact block. The middle part 39 of the plates 16, bent at a right angle to the lower part 38, is inserted into the side groove 43.

As a result of the installation of fixed electrical contacts 11 and 12, the upper part 40 of each curved plate 16 is based on two inner side surfaces 44 (Fig. 3) of the lower part 33 of the contact block 5, and the outer side is based on the surface 45 of the inner partition of the lower part 33 of the contact block 5 the surface of the annular side 46 of the upper part 40 of the curved plate 16.

After installing all four plates 16, the slider 9 assembly with the return spring 10, the plate 14 and the contact spring 15 is installed in a flat guide 47 located inside the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5 (Fig. 3), while the guide surface of the slider 9, in contact with the guide 47, is also flat.

To limit the lateral displacement of the slider 9, rectangular grooves 48 are made (Figs. 3, 4) in the opposite side walls of the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5, in one of which a cylindrical end section 28 of the slider with a return spring 10 mounted on it, and in the other is an end section 49 of the slider 9 that interacts with the 'pusher 8' and has a square cross-sectional shape 9.

To limit the movement of the slider 9 in the direction of the upper part 34 of the contact block 5, flat tops 50 of the two protrusions 51 (Fig. 4) of the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5 are used, located in the plane of the lower joint.

The side walls of the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5, located at the level of the upper junction with the upper part of the housing of the contact block 5, are made with butt ledges 52 from the side of the inner side surface of the walls. As a result, butt protrusions 53 are formed on the outside along the side walls of the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5.

The peaks 50 are based on the bottom surface 54 (Fig. 3) of two grooves made in the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5.

To prevent the contact spring 15 from falling out of the groove 36 of the slider 9, a cylindrical protrusion 55 is made on its inner side along the inner diameter of the contact spring 15, while the same protrusion 56 is made in the center of the plate 14, and the plate 14 itself has two side protrusions 57 restrictions on the movement of the plate 14 in the groove of the slider 9 in the transverse direction.

In the lower part of the housing of the contact block 5 (Fig. 3), protrusions 58 with inclined surfaces are made. Holes 59 can also be made in the housing part of the contact block 5 (Fig. 3). Rectangular protrusions 60 together with protrusions with inclined surfaces 27 and the bottom surface of the lower part of the housing of the contact block 5 form grooves for accommodating the lower parts 38 of the curved plates 16.

The middle part 39 of each curved plate 16 is installed in the groove formed between the inner side surface and the side surface of the protrusion 58 of the lower part of the housing of the contact block 5, so that the upper part 40 of the plate 16, bent at right angles to the lower 38 and middle 39 parts, is located horizontally, while the fixed electrical contact elements 37 of these plates are facing each other, as shown in FIG. 1-3.

To facilitate the docking of parts of the housing of the contact block 5 on the side surfaces of the lower part of the housing of the contact block 5, grooves 61 (Fig. 3, 6, 7) can be made, and in the upper part of the housing of the contact block 5, protrusions 62 (Fig. 5) on the separation partitions 63.

The side walls of the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5 (Fig. 5, 8), located at the level of the upper junction with the lower part 33 of the housing of the contact block 5, are made with butt ledges 64 from the outer side surface. As a result, butt protrusions 65 are formed on the inner side along the side walls of the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5.

Thus, when assembling, the protrusions of one part of the housing of the contact block 5 will be located in the troughs of the other part of the housing of the contact block 5, thereby ensuring that both parts of the housing of the contact block 5 are fixed relative to each other without the use of fasteners.

On the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5 can be made protrusion 66 (Fig. 4, 5, 8) in the form of a half-ring, extending beyond the dimensions of the housing of the contact block 5, partially located below the lower plane of the contact joint (Fig. 4), preventing the displacement of the upper part of the housing of the contact block 5 relative to the lower part in the direction of the pusher 8.

To facilitate the coupling of parts of the housing of the contact block 5 in the upper part of the contact block 5 can be made guide pins 67 (Fig. 8) under the guide holes 59 in the lower part of the housing of the contact block 5 (Fig. 3).

The lower joint is located in a plane parallel to the base of the housing of the contact block 5, with a small gap relative to the upper sections of the end sections 28 and 49 (Fig. 3) of the slide 9 located at different ends.

In the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5 there are fixing protrusions 19, four holes 68 (Fig. 5, 8) made through and having a rectangular shape, and ledges 69 are made on the dividing walls 63. A rectangular groove is made in the center of the upper part 34 of the housing 5 70, and on the sides - two more grooves 71 of lesser depth (Fig. 5, 8). The pins 67 are located on the protrusions 72 (Fig. 8).

The upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5 is connected to the lower part 33 with the protrusions 53 entering along the hollows of the ledges 64, while the protrusions 69 located along the entire length of the partition walls 63 extend beyond the rectangular upper parts 40 of the curved plates 16 of the fixed electrical contacts 11 and 12 , thereby preventing the movement of the plates 16 up and towards the partition walls 63, and the bottom surfaces of the steps 69 prevent the stationary movement of the electrical contacts 11 and 12 towards the upper part 34 of the housing of the contact block 5.

From above through holes 68 to the upper parts 40 of the curved plates of fixed electrical contacts, the width of which is equal to the width "a" of the through holes 68, pads 18 are made of electrically conductive material with screws 17, which are screwed into the threaded holes of the upper parts 40 of the curved plates 16 of fixed electrical contacts the length of the lining 18 is selected so that it can overlap the upper part 40 of the curved plate 16 towards the Central part of the housing of the contact block 5. For this, in the upper part 34 of the building ca contact block 5 by the fixing protrusions 19 a groove to accommodate the protruding part of the laths. To simplify the assembly, a groove can be made between the thread and the screw head 17, the width of which exceeds the thickness of the lining, and the threaded hole is made in the lining, forming a threaded connection with an interference fit with the screw thread. The screw is connected to the overlay by screwing it in until the threads exit into the screw groove. After this, the assembly unit “screw-plate” is formed, which cannot spontaneously disconnect, while the plate can freely rotate in the screw groove.

Each screw assembly with an overlay is screwed into the hole in the top of each fixed contact. After that, the assembled contact block 5 is placed in the housing 1 of the switch on the way to the seat and fixed in it by pressing the switch of the way to the bottom of the housing 1 of the switch through the elastomeric gasket and four protrusions 19 located at the top of the housing of the contact block 5.

The switch housing 1 is fixed at its location by screws through holes 20 or 21.

Thus, the contact elements are almost isolated inside the housing of the contact block, which to some extent prevents them from getting dust, chips, moisture and grease on the contact surfaces of the electrical contacts.

In the initial position, when the roller 29 or the spherical surface 31 of the pusher 8 does not experience pressure from any control element of the external device. The electrical contacts 12 and 13 are in a normally closed position due to the force of the return spring 10, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

With the relative movement of the control element of the external device and the track switch, the roller 29 or the spherical surface 31 of the pusher, which performs the function of the executive link of the slider 9, meets the control element of the external device, the latter pushes the roller 29 or the spherical surface 31 of the pusher, causing the pusher 8 to move together with slider 9.

When moving the slider 9, the conductive plate 14 moves simultaneously and the return spring 10 is compressed. First, the electrical contacts 11 and 13 open, and then, as a result of the further movement of the slider 9, the electrical contacts 13, moving together with the conductive plate 14, come into contact with the stationary electrical contacts 12 .

In case of wear of the portion of the spherical surface 31 of the pusher 8, the nozzle is removed, rotated around the axis of the pusher 90 ° or 180 ° and installed again, while the unworn portion of the spherical surface 31 of the pusher 8 starts to work. You can also rotate the roller 90 ° around the axis of the pusher 8 in the case of the need to simplify the installation of the travel switch to the workplace. You can also quickly replace the nozzle in case of failure of the Executive link or damage to the seal 26 without dismantling the switch track. In the event of failure of any element of the contact block 5, it is easily removed after removing the cover of the housing 1, and is replaced by a working contact block. In this case, the clamping of electrical wires between the conductive curved plates 16 and the plates 18 is more convenient and faster to produce outside the housing, and then install the contact block 5 in the housing 1.

Due to the isolation of the contact block 5 from the external aggressive environment, the durability of its operation is ensured. Due to the proposed design of the contact block, its assembly and replacement in the event of a malfunction is simplified. Due to the placement of the pusher in the nozzle mounted on the housing with the possibility of removal and installation in various positions with a rotation of 90 ° and 180 ° around the axis of the pusher, the durability of the working surface of the pusher is increased, installation of the track switch to its place of operation is simplified, and the replacement of the pusher in in case of damage, which is done by replacing the nozzle.

Claims (1)

Trip switch, comprising a housing with a cover and holes for electric cables, a gasket made of elastic material installed between the housing and the cover, a contact block with locking tabs mounted on a seat on the bottom of the housing and secured against movement by means of the cover through a sealing gasket supported on the locking protrusions of the contact block, a nozzle with means for moving the slider of the contact block, made in the form of a pusher with a spherical working surface or roller interacting with the slider of the contact block, and the nozzle is mounted on the housing with the possibility of reinstallation with a rotation of 90 ° and 180 ° relative to the axis of the pusher, on which a gland made of an elastic material made with an annular corrugation is installed, the peripheral part of which is fixed between the outer the surface of the housing and the supporting surface of the nozzle, in the openings of the housing under the electric cables, plugs are installed with the possibility of replacing them when installing the electric cable with sealed packages otneniya between hole surface and an outer surface of the cable.

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