RU153760U1 - BOILED BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES IN WATER SOILS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils for the underground part of building structures, containing side fences in the form of a continuous waterproof wall, anti-filter protection (PFZ) from below, a device to ensure the stability of PFZ in the vertical direction and a spacer system between the side fence, characterized in that the device for ensuring the stability of the vertical phase boundary is made in the form of anchors, and the secondary phase is reinforced with reinforcing material, while the anchors are made in the form of lower soil ton arrays arranged in the crank FAR soil below the surface, the upper soil-arrays, arranged on the upper surface of the FAR and rods embedded in the upper and lower soil-arrays, with rods made of a material capable of perceive rastyazhenie.2. The foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils for the underground part of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchors are located in places of concentrated loads from columns and other similar structural elements of the future building structure.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to the field of construction of the underground part of building structures.

Known foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils, containing side rails in the form of a continuous waterproof wall and a spacer system (Mangushev R.A. et al. Design and installation of underground structures in open pits. Publishing House of the Association of Construction Universities. M., 2013, p. . 59, 60). A feature of the pit is that the side fence is brought up to the water stop (“wall in the ground”), therefore it completely protects the pit from water filtration.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that with deep laying of the waterproofing “wall in the ground” becomes too expensive.

Known foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils, containing side fences in the form of a continuous waterproof wall, anti-filtration protection (PFZ) from below, a device to ensure the stability of PFZ in the vertical direction and a spacer system between the side fencing (A. Malinin. Jet grouting of soils. M ., Stroyizdat, 2010, p. 95, fig. 2.19). The peculiarity of this technical solution is that the side fence is not brought to a stop, and the protection from the bottom is filtered using PFZ, and the device for ensuring the stability of the PFZ in the vertical direction is made in the form of a soil layer located above the PFZ, and the weight of which prevents the PFZ outburst from below.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the PFZ operates at a pressure from below to bend. To compensate, a sufficiently powerful soil layer is required from above - a ballast located below the bottom of the project pit. This either increases the depth of the side fence, or (especially with large pit sizes in plan) reduces the reliability of the PFZ.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to reduce labor costs and materials.

This object is achieved in that the pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils contains side fences in the form of a continuous waterproof wall, anti-filter protection (PFZ) from below, a device to ensure the stability of PFZ in the vertical direction and a spacer system between the side fence, and a device to ensure the stability of PFZ in the vertical direction it is made in the form of anchors, and the PFZ is reinforced with reinforcing material, while the anchors are made in the form of lower soil-concrete massifs located laid in the underlying soil below the surface of the PFZ, the upper soil-concrete massifs located on the upper surface of the PFZ, and rods embedded in the upper and lower soil-concrete massifs, and the rods are made of a material capable of absorbing tension. In addition, anchors are located in places of concentrated loads from columns and other similar structural elements of the future building construction.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - diagram of the pit in the analogue;

in FIG. 2 - scheme of the pit in the prototype;

in FIG. 3 - diagram of the pit in accordance with the proposed technical solution.

The foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils for the underground part of building structures contains side rails 1 in the form of a continuous waterproof wall, antifiltration protection (PFZ) 2, a spacer system 3 and a device to ensure the stability of the PFZ in the vertical direction. This device in the analogue (Fig. 1) is not required, since the side fence 1 is brought to the stop 4. In the prototype, the device for ensuring the stability of the PFZ is made in the form of a layer 5 of soil, the weight of which prevents the PFZ from bulging upward. In the proposed technical solution, this device is made in the form of anchors, consisting of lower soil-concrete massifs 6, upper soil-concrete massifs 7 and rods 8 embedded in arrays 6 and 7. In this case, the rods are made of a material capable of absorbing tension.

The required depth h of the pit should as little as possible differ from the total depth h _{1 of the} enclosing wall 1. In this case, the costs are minimal. This is just achieved in the proposed solution by replacing the array 5 with anchors. However, PFZ works under more severe conditions of horizontal compression, so it is enhanced by injection of a reinforcing material, such as cement. In this case, the PFZ becomes a “power PFZ”.

The construction of the PFZ and anchors in the proposed technical solution is carried out in the same way as in the prototype the construction of the PFZ, i.e. using jet grouting of soils (A. Malinin. Jet grouting of soils. M., Stroyizdat, 2010).

The structural elements of the pit in the proposed technical solution work as follows. PFZ, reinforced with cement mortar, works on compression and perceives the pressure of the opposite sides of the fence 1. Anchors ensure the stability of the PFZ position from its upward bend. An important feature of the proposed technical solution is that during the construction of the building structure itself, columns or other similar elements are installed in the place of the anchors, forming a concentrated load. Therefore, during the operation of the building structure, the anchors no longer work for pulling, but for compression.

The effectiveness of the proposed technical solution is to significantly reduce the cost of labor and materials for the construction of side rails 1, which is determined by the following components:

1) reducing the height h _{1 of the} fence by replacing the array 5 with anchors;

2) reducing the size in terms of fencing due to the design of a more economical underground part of the structure, since it is possible to transfer a concentrated vertical load on the anchors;

3) a decrease in the power (wall thickness) of the fence due to a better perception of the lateral pressure of the ground by the power PFZ.

Claims (2)

1. The foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils for the underground part of building structures, containing side fences in the form of a continuous waterproof wall, anti-filter protection (PFZ) from below, a device to ensure the stability of PFZ in the vertical direction and a spacer system between the side fencing, characterized in that the device for ensuring the stability of the vertical phase boundary is made in the form of anchors, and the secondary phase is reinforced with reinforcing material, while the anchors are made in the form of lower soil ton arrays arranged in the crank FAR soil below the surface, the upper soil-arrays, arranged on the upper surface of the FAR and rods embedded in the upper and lower soil-arrays, with rods made of a material capable of stretching to perceive. 2. The foundation pit of buildings and structures in water-saturated soils for the underground part of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchors are located in places of concentrated loads from columns and other similar structural elements of the future building structure.

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