JP5725592B2 - Buildings that deal with natural disasters (tsunamis, tornadoes, etc.) - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building having a performance capable of withstanding the power of natural disasters such as a tsunami and a tornado and protecting people's lives when a disaster occurs.

  For buildings, fabric foundations and solid foundations are placed on the ground, and frames such as ramen structures and wall-type structures are placed on top of them using wood, reinforced concrete materials, steel frames, etc. to ensure the prescribed strength. If the ground support capacity is insufficient with only the foundations and solid foundations that are the direct foundations, make sure that the ground support capacity is secured by providing a pile under the cloth foundation or solid foundation. It is built in.

  However, the power of natural disasters such as tsunamis and tornadoes is far beyond expectations, and it has become clear from recent disaster cases that it is difficult to ensure safety in the conventional buildings mentioned above. Yes.

  In other words, when a tsunami or tornado occurs, the conventional building structure cannot completely transmit the force acting on the walls and roof to the foundation, or the foundation is insufficient in strength. It was not possible to maintain safety in order to do this.

  On the other hand, Japan's existing industrial urban infrastructure is concentrated in low places such as coastal areas and plains. Especially, tsunami disasters have such a large impact that the functions of major cities are completely lost. However, because the urban industry structure requires waterfronts, it is impossible to prevent disasters by building high breakwaters, and it is easy to move all existing cities to higher ground, including infrastructure construction. Not a thing.

  Therefore, for disasters such as tsunamis, floating shelters (for example, Patent Document 1) for temporarily evacuating people and building shelters (for example, Patent Document 2) that are fixed on land are provided on the ground. A way to save life has been proposed.

  However, these methods need to predict the time when disasters such as tsunamis and tornadoes will strike in advance, let the residents recognize them, and evacuate to the shelter for evacuation. It is difficult to predict the situation, and it is difficult to say that it is a method that can be surely applied to anyone because the time until a disaster reaches is extremely short.

  JP 2004-32293 A   JP 2013-67952 A

  The present invention is intended to solve such problems of the conventional technology, and by providing a strong building that can withstand natural disasters such as tsunami and tornado, The purpose is to make it possible to cope with disasters such as tsunami in the space to be used.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, it is a form of a cylindrical foundation, and the shape of the plane is a circle or an oval shape, and gradually spreads downward like the side surface of the frustum (hereinafter referred to as “frustum-shaped And the upper end of the foundation is extended to the upper ground part as it is to form a wall with continuous members, and the cylindrical wall 2 and the roof plate 3 the ligated together, also the wall 2 of the cylindrical basic 1'or cylindrical frustum-type cross, placing the plate 5 to be coupled with the wall 2 of the cylindrical basic 1'or cylindrical frustum type The force acting on the cylindrical wall 2 and roof plate 3 in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami or tornado is transmitted directly to the underground frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' , and this frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' is transmitted to the ground in contact with the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1' to further stabilize the building and make it strong.

  In addition, for the building of the present invention, the cylindrical plane shape is such that the surface on the side where the tsunami comes is made convex, such as a circle, to reduce the horizontal force received by the building, It can be economically applied to a large-scale building by providing such a small inner cylinder 18 and a columnar base, and also by combining with the plate 5 or roof plate 3 combined with the cylinder body. It is characterized by.

  Further, the building of the present invention is provided with an opening reinforcing member 8 around the opening 4 such as a door and a window so that the opening can be freely arranged. The windows and the like are provided with a sluice 7, and at the time of flooding, an air reservoir 15 and a storage 14 for disaster prevention tools are provided in the upper part of the living room, and are characterized by excellent habitability and disaster prevention.

  The above contents are summarized as technically specific items as follows.

That is, in the present invention, the building is provided with a cylindrical base 1 ′ having a truncated cone shape such as a circular shape or an oval shape, and is stretched as it is to the upper ground part as it is. The roof plate 3 is connected and formed integrally, and the plate 5 that is connected to the tube main body across the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' or the cylindrical wall 2 is arranged, and a tsunami or tornado the force acting on the wall 2 and the roof plate 3 of the tubular in the event of a disaster etc., transmitted to the foundation 1 'of the frustum-shaped tubular type of direct underground, also, through the cylindrical foundation 1' of the frustum type, It is transmitted to the ground in contact with the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' .

  According to this, in the event of a natural disaster such as a tsunami, it will be possible to reliably protect people's lives without damaging the buildings that they live in everyday life, making it easier to restore the city after a disaster. become able to.

  Further, in the building of the present invention, the strength of the entire cylindrical building is provided by including a plate 5 that crosses the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ′ and the cylindrical wall 2 and is coupled to the cylindrical main body. In addition, in the case of a frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation, the bending moment generated in the foundation can be supported by the axial force of the foundation to further enhance the building's yield strength. It is something that can be done.

  According to this, it becomes possible to apply this invention also to a large-scale building, and it couple | bonds with this cylinder main body instead of the floor of a building in the most suitable position according to the scale and shape of a cylinder. By arranging the plate 5 and also having a foundation such as several small internal cylinders 18 and columnars inside the cylindrical building, it is also connected to the plate 5 or the roof plate 3 that is connected to the cylinder body. Therefore, it can be applied to a large-scale building to improve the economic efficiency of the entire building.

  Moreover, in the said invention, about the cylindrical planar shape, the surface where the tsunami comes can be made into a convex shape such as a circle so that the horizontal force received by the building can be reduced to achieve economic efficiency.

  Further, in the above invention, since the opening 4 such as the door and the window is large, when there is a concern about the strength reduction, the external force integrated with the cylindrical wall 2 around the opening 4 such as the door and the window. If the opening reinforcing member 8 that resists this is provided, it is possible to prevent the strength from being reduced due to the opening and to easily arrange the opening 4 such as a door or a window at a necessary position.

Further, in the above-mentioned invention, a high-strength block 6 for lighting that can withstand the force of a tsunami or the like is provided at the opening of a window or the like of the cylindrical wall 2 that needs to be colored. In addition to a convenient door that is always used, the opening such as the above can cope with a large external force at the time of disaster and can be provided with a sluice 7 that ensures water tightness.

  According to this, it is possible to protect the living space from the disaster for a long time by securing the sluice gate in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami while ensuring daily living.

  Furthermore, in the above invention, in the state where the building is submerged due to a tsunami or the like, in preparation for a situation where water enters the building due to some unforeseen circumstances, the partition wall of the room or the upper wall of the outer wall 9 and the upper floor The floor slab 10 is formed densely with concrete or the like, and the through-hole for equipment such as electric wiring is sealed with epoxy resin or the like so that the air reservoir 15 is provided in the upper part of the ceiling 12 and the living room 17. A part of the air reservoir 15 may be provided with a storage 14 for emergency food such as emergency food, a flashlight, and an oxygen cylinder.

  According to this, the resident can stay in the building for a long time at the time of a disaster, and the possibility of protecting people's lives can be increased.

  As described above, buildings that deal with natural disasters (such as tsunamis and tornadoes) of the present invention are strong enough to withstand disasters such as tsunamis and tornadoes. It is possible to cope with natural disasters of the city, and to prevent damage to the buildings that form the base of the city, so that the city can be restored early in the event of a disaster.

It is the perspective view seen from the diagonal upside which shows the use condition of the building in a 1st embodiment. It is the perspective view seen from the diagonal upper direction which shows the use condition of the building in 1st Embodiment, and is explanatory drawing of the plate couple | bonded with a cylinder main body. It is AA sectional view explanatory drawing of the building of 1st Embodiment. It is a BB line section explanatory view of a building of a 2nd embodiment. It is a BB line section explanatory view of the building (when large-scale) of a 2nd embodiment. It is front explanatory drawing of the opening reinforcement of the building of 3rd Embodiment. It is CC sectional view explanatory drawing of the opening reinforcement of the building of 3rd Embodiment. It is a plane explanatory view of the building of a 4th embodiment. It is a section explanatory view of the room of the building of a 5th embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a building according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view obliquely viewed from above, and a foundation that gradually spreads downward like a side surface of a frustum (a frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation). ) And further increased proof stress.

The building shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical base 1 ' having a truncated cone shape such as a circular shape or an oval shape, and has a cylindrical wall 2 so that the above-ground portion extends and continues in its cylindrical shape. In addition, the roof roof plate 3 at the top is connected to this wall and formed integrally.

This ensures that the horizontal, vertical and levitation forces acting on the cylindrical wall 2 and roof plate 3 in the event of a large-scale tsunami or tornado, etc., are reliably transmitted to the underground frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' . Through this frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' , the building is stabilized by transmitting it to the ground in contact with the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1' .

The horizontal force is supported by the lateral and vertical resistance of the ground in contact with the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ′ , and the vertical pushing force is the supporting force of the tip (lower end) of the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ′. It is supported by the frictional resistance between the side of the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 'and the ground, and the lifting force is between the weight of the building and the side of the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' and the ground. It is supported by the frictional resistance and the weight of the earth and sand 16 inside the cylindrical foundation.

In particular, the lateral resistance of the ground can be expected to reach the maximum value of the passive earth pressure over the entire projected area of the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 'in the horizontal force acting direction. It can be made into a simple building.

  In FIG. 1, general building components such as ceilings and floor slabs other than the structural frame are omitted, but it goes without saying that general building components exist within the technical scope of the present invention. .

FIG. 2: is the perspective view seen from diagonally upward which shows the schematic diagram of the building in 1st Embodiment, and is explanatory drawing of the plate couple | bonded with a cylinder main body.

Drawing 3 is an AA line section explanatory view of a building in a 1st embodiment.

The building shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 includes the plate 5 combined with the cylinder body crossing the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ′ and the cylindrical wall 2 in the building of the present invention, and the entire cylindrical building. As a result, it has increased strength and rigidity.

  According to this, it becomes possible to apply this invention also to a large-scale building, and it couple | bonds with this cylinder main body instead of the floor of a building in the most suitable position according to the scale and shape of a cylinder. By arranging the plate 5, it is possible to achieve economic efficiency as a whole building.

  It is not necessary to replace all the floor slabs of each floor with this plate 5 to be combined with this cylinder body. It is sufficient to select and replace the floor slab of the floor at an effective position. A plate 5 that is coupled to the cylinder main body may be provided.

In this first embodiment , the frustum-type cylindrical foundation 1 ′ and the plate 5 coupled to the cylindrical body crossing the cylindrical wall 2 are the space inside the cylindrical foundation 1 and the cylindrical wall 2. Is a plate provided in a state of partitioning up and down.

In the first embodiment , the roof portion plate 3 is formed to have a required strength by a curved plate or a straight plate.

  The roof plate 3 is a curved plate (dome shape, etc.) that is convex upward, and if it is formed so that it is targeted at the vicinity of the center of gravity, an arch action can be expected for vertical force. It is possible to increase the economic efficiency and to improve the design.

  Examples of the forming material of the first embodiment include reinforced concrete, steel reinforced concrete and steel, a resin material such as high-strength polyester, or a material obtained by molding them.

The frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ' can be formed by a continuous underground wall construction method (material is reinforced concrete, steel reinforced concrete, etc.) or pile placing method (material is steel pipe sheet pile, H steel, etc.) The mold wall 2, the roof plate 3, and the plate 5 coupled to the cylinder body are made of the same material as the material for forming the frustum-shaped cylinder base 1 ′ , or other materials described above, and the required strength. The thickness is adjusted so as to be provided. The frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 1 ′ can be formed by a pile driving method (material is steel pipe sheet pile, H steel, etc.), for example, a steel pipe sheet pile is driven by a hydraulic variable super-high frequency vibro machine As for the arc part, the upper part has a narrow pipe diameter, and the lower part has a thick pipe diameter. For the gap between the soil and the steel pipe sheet pile at the upper part of the steel pipe sheet pile generated by using the sheet pile, a pipe for grouting is attached to the steel pipe sheet pile in advance, and the grout material is filled through this pipe after installing the steel pipe sheet pile. It is also possible to eliminate the voids and ensure the resistance of the ground.

Drawing 4 is an explanatory view of the BB line section of the building of a 2nd embodiment, and shows the example of the plane shape of the building of a 1st embodiment .

  By forming the surface of the cylindrical wall 2 directly hit by the tsunami into a convex shape such as a circle in a plane, the horizontal force due to the tsunami that the building receives is reduced, and by expecting an arch action, It is also possible to reduce the bending moment of the wall 2 and to make it more economical.

  Needless to say, the planar shape includes polygonal cylinders such as a square cylinder in addition to those illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of the building of the second embodiment (in the case of a large scale), and shows an example of the planar shape of the building of the first embodiment (in the case of a large scale).

  When the building scale is large and the span in the plane direction is large, and the thickness of the plate 5 and the roof plate 3 combined with the cylinder body is increased, several small internal cylinders 18 ( The thickness of the plate 5 and the roof portion plate 3 combined with the cylinder main body by combining with the plate 5 and the roof portion plate 3 combined with the cylinder main body so as to have a base such as a circular shape, a polygonal shape, etc. Therefore, the economy of the entire building can be improved.

FIG. 6 is a front explanatory view of the opening reinforcement of the building of the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line C-C of the opening reinforcement of the building of the third embodiment.

About the building of 1st Embodiment, since the opening 4 of a door, a window, etc. is large, when there exists a concern about a reduction | decrease in intensity | strength, it is united with the cylindrical wall 2 around the openings 4, such as a door, a window. Thus, by providing the opening reinforcing member 8 that resists external force, it is possible to prevent the strength from being reduced by the opening and to easily arrange the openings 4 such as doors and windows at necessary positions.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view of the building of the fourth embodiment, and shows an example of the room layout of the building of the first embodiment.

The cylindrical wall 2 is provided with a high-strength lighting block 6 (made of glass or resin, etc.) that can withstand the tsunami force at the opening of a window or the like that needs to be colored. In addition to doors that are always convenient to use , the windows and windows are also equipped with sluice gates 7 that can handle large external forces during disasters and ensure water tightness . It is also possible to prevent water from entering the building.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the room of the building according to the fifth embodiment, and shows a coping method when water enters the building for some reason in a state where the building is submerged due to a tsunami or the like. .

  The partition wall in the building or the upper wall of the outer wall 9 and the floor slab 10 on the immediately upper floor are formed densely with concrete, etc., and the through holes for electrical wiring and the like are sealed with epoxy resin, etc. 12 and the upper part of the living room 17 are provided with an air reservoir 15.

  Further, a part of the air reservoir 15 is provided with a storage 14 for emergency food such as emergency food, a flashlight, and an oxygen cylinder so that it can stay in the building for a long time when flooded.

  A part of the ceiling 11 is provided with a ceiling back inspection port 13 so that it can enter and leave the air reservoir 15 of the ceiling back 12 in an emergency.

1 'frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation 2 cylindrical wall 3 roof plate 4 openings such as doors and windows 5 plates combined with the cylinder body 6 high intensity block for chroming 7 sluice 8 opening reinforcement member 9 partition wall or outer wall DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Floor slab 11 Ceiling 12 Ceiling back 13 Ceiling back inspection port 14 Storage room for disaster prevention equipment 15 Air reservoir 16 Soil and sand etc. inside 16 cylinder base of frustum type 17 Living room 18 Internal cylindrical GL Ground surface WL1 Water level WL2 at the time of flooding Living room Internal water level

Claims (5)

  The shape of the plane is circular or oval, and it is a form of cylinder that forms a foundation that gradually spreads downward like the side of the frustum (hereinafter referred to as “frustum-shaped cylinder foundation”). The upper end of this foundation is extended as it is to the upper ground part so that a wall is formed by continuous members, the cylindrical wall and the roof are integrally connected, and the frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation Or a building that copes with natural disasters (such as tsunamis, tornadoes, etc.) characterized by arranging one or more plates that cross a cylindrical wall and connect to a frustum-shaped cylindrical foundation or a cylindrical wall .   Regarding the planar shape of the cylindrical shape, the surface on which the tsunami or the like comes close is made convex, such as a circle, so that the force received by the building is reduced, and the foundation of the cylindrical shape or the cylindrical shape of the frustum type In the ground inside the foundation, one or more foundations such as small internal cylinders, pillars, etc. are provided, combined with a plate or roof that is connected to any cylinder body, and applied to large buildings. The building which copes with the natural disaster (a tsunami, a tornado, etc.) of Claim 1 which enabled it.   The natural disaster according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a reinforcing member integrated with the wall is provided around the opening for the door or window in the wall or roof. Buildings that deal with tornadoes, etc.)   In order to ensure safety even if a building is submerged due to a tsunami, etc., it is equipped with high-strength blocks on the walls and roof windows where high light intensity is required, and it is essential for entrances and windows that are always open and closed. A natural disaster (tsunami) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sluice is provided to cope with a large external force during a disaster and to ensure watertightness apart from a convenient door that is always used. , Buildings that deal with tornadoes, etc.).   The upper wall of the partition wall of the room and the floor slab directly above the floor are made of concrete, etc., and the opening gaps such as through holes for equipment such as electrical wiring are made of epoxy resin, etc. Even if a building is submerged, provide a space where air can accumulate in the ceiling and upper part of the room, and store emergency food, flashlights, oxygen cylinders, and other disaster prevention tools in a part of the air space. The building which copes with the natural disaster (Tsunami, tornado, etc.) in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 provided with the store | warehouse | chamber.

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