RU152691U1 - LINEAR LED LIGHT SOURCE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A linear LED light source comprising a tubular body made transparent or transparent on a surface opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements; a metal radiator is placed along the tube on which a circuit board with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements is fixed, while the body is made with electrical contacts, characterized the fact that the tubular housing is made of two parts connected along the length of the housing, one of which is located above the specified board, for example otiv solid-state LED radiation elements and is made transparent or transparent, and the other is located on the reverse side of the specified board and is made of metal to implement the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing, the board with a chain of LED radiation elements is mounted on a transversely located area, which is a metal radiator and which is made at the same time with the part of the case that performs the function of heat removal from the cavity of the case, and which is made at the same time with the board mounting elements on the area for their mechanical bending or crimping to press the board to the surface of the platform and ensure constant thermal contact of the board with the lower part of the body, and guides are made in the device body to accommodate linear plates with optical properties for redirecting and / or mixing falling from solid state light sources of rays when forming a given radiation pattern. 2. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrical

Description

The invention relates to a new type of light source designed to replace fluorescent and fluorescent lamps and made on the basis of LEDs with the ability to be inserted into existing fixtures for fluorescent lamps or for stand-alone use in their own fixtures. Lamps with such lamps can be used in schools, hospitals, office buildings, have a high service life, ultrahigh consumption efficiency and complete environmental safety, do not require special disposal.

Currently, LED tubes and LED lines have replaced neon and fluorescent lamps. This allowed us to significantly expand the range and characteristics of LED equipment for home lighting, architectural decorative lighting, advertising structures and lighting for retail and office space. A LED tube is a light source, that is, a lamp made in the form and size of a standard fluorescent tube (the so-called fluorescent lamp), containing a power supply and an LED board inside. Structurally, the LED tube is a polycarbonate tube with a diameter of up to 3 cm and a length of up to 2 meters. Light sources are installed in each tube - several dozens, or even hundreds of SMD LEDs of medium and low power. At the ends of the tube there are leads for connecting to a 220 V AC power supply or a DC power source with a fixed output voltage.

LED tubes have many advantages: long LED life - up to ten years, high brightness, low power consumption, no harmful components, electrical safety, light without ultraviolet and infrared components, no flicker and delay when turned on, work without starters, ballasts and electronic ballasts.

You should especially dwell on the reliability and safety of LED tubes: some of them have the necessary protection class for working in outdoor conditions, and for power they do not need large mains voltages - 220 V, 12 V is enough. In addition, they have a large mechanical and shock durability.

A LED lamp for fluorescent luminaires (RU 104277) is known from RU 104277, comprising an electric board equipped with light emitting diodes located on it and connected in a working position to a power source.

To keep the LED lamp in the working position, there are means for fixing and holding it. According to the overall dimensions of the fluorescent lamp, LED boards are installed, interconnected in a serial electrical circuit. The number of LED boards is determined from the condition that the LED lamp provides the level of illumination achieved by using a replaceable set of fluorescent lamps. The LED lamp includes a varistor and a zener diode, and additionally contains electronic devices for controlling light - these elements complicate the design of the lamp.

Also known are LED energy-saving tube lamps designed for lighting public institutions and residential premises (LED lamps and fixtures: http://www.capita.ru187). Such tubes are suitable for any standard fluorescent lamps (LVO, LPO).

The known tube contains a radiator, on which there is a LED module in the form of a board with an LED, which is built into the tube and is powered by an AC voltage of 220 V. The board has pin contacts for inclusion in the electric circuit of the lamp.

However, in this embodiment, in order to replace the luminescent light source in the luminaire with an LED light source, it is necessary to make the necessary structural changes in the wiring of the luminaire. Externally, connecting a fluorescent lamp is no different from connecting LED lamps. More precisely, it’s not even a connection, but the installation process itself - the fluorescent lamp was removed, the LED lamp was inserted. The problem is that LED tubes do not require ballasts (ballasts) to operate, or, more simply, they must be directly connected to the 220 V mains, like a regular light bulb, while the fluorescent ones

lamps at the time of starting requires a starter and an inductor (ballast, electronic ballast) .Therefore, in the luminaire itself, in which the LED lamps will be installed, the switching circuit of the fluorescent lamp is subject to change, i.e. it is necessary to remount the wires from the mains directly to the cartridges into which the base is inserted, bypassing the ballasts (starter and inductor). To install an LED tube instead of a fluorescent lamp, the following operations must be performed.

- disconnect the wires from the starter;

- disconnect the wires from the inductor;

- connect the wires from the mains to the cartridge, i.e. apply a voltage of 220 V to the lamp directly.

At the same time, dismantle the existing fittings, leaving only the housing and the output at 220 V. If you do not perform the above work, the LED lamp will work at high power and will quickly fail, which reduces the reliability of the LED lamp.

A linear LED light source is known, comprising a transparent tube with a radiator installed along the tube, on which a board with an LED circuit is mounted, which has pin contacts in the form of two conductive plugs for inclusion in the lamp circuitry, and the board is equipped with a circuitry containing a rectifier diode at the input a bridge connected in parallel with a stabilizing capacitor, which is connected in series to an LED circuit and a resistor that balances the current ripple (RU 113 329, F21K 2/00, Н05В 37/02 publ. 02/10/2012). This decision was made as a prototype for the declared objects.

In the well-known LED lamp for fluorescent lamps, the board has pin contacts in the form of two conductive plugs for inclusion in the electrical circuit of the lamp and is equipped with an electrical circuit containing an input connector and a rectifier diode bridge connected in parallel with a stabilizing capacitor C1, which is connected in series to the LED circuit and leveling resistor R1. Co of the inductor housing integrated in the valve body through the connector, a current of 0.4 A is supplied to the input of the diode bridge, which is rectified, passing through the diode bridge and stabilized

capacitor C2. A stabilized current is passed through a resistor R1 to reduce its ripple; ultimately, a constant current is supplied to the LEDs, which ensures high-quality and reliable operation of the LEDs, which allows for maximum light output, reliability and durability of LED lamps.

The disadvantage of this solution is that an uninsulated power supply with controls is built into a transparent tube. With this design, the potential of the mains supply may be present on the metal tube body, which is dangerous in operation. When using an isolated PSU (an isolated PSU is a power supply in which the secondary circuits are electrically isolated from the primary circuits by either capacitive or inductive coupling, inductive isolation in the form of a transformer is preferable), a transformer is required that does not fit in the compartment allocated to the power supply. In addition, even if the power supply was isolated, it would require a separate grounding of the tube body, and no one will ever do this.

The tubular LED light source is a product with a diameter of approximately 26 mm and with a sufficiently large length. Therefore, the placement of the PSU inside the tube requires miniaturization (rise in price) of the PSU components, it does not allow the use of an isolated power supply circuit. An insulated PSU requires grounding of the tube body, uninsulated - it represents a risk of electric shock. Placing the PSU inside the tube limits the power of the tube. A power supply located inside the tube additionally heats the LEDs on a section of the LED board located above the power supply or near the power supply. In addition, the LED board is fixed in the tube body with either glue or not fixed at all. Hence the instability of the contact spot of the LED board and the tube body (which serves as a heat sink), hence the poor heat transfer from the LEDs to the radiator (body), hence the reduced LED life. The tube body volume is occupied by the power supply. It is impossible to increase the surface area of the casing, since in this case the cooling fins will go beyond the dimensions of a standard fluorescent tube, and the LED tube will cease to be a universal replacement for a fluorescent tube. LED has too

wide radiation pattern, usually 150 °. In the cases of standard fixtures, a lot of light (up to 25%) will be lost due to the fact that the light will go out through the reflector, and not directly. And in some cases, in flat glass fixtures, this part of the light will simply be lost. Due to the presence of a PSU compartment inside the tube body, there is no room for any efficient optical system. A large number of fixtures in the world are made for more modern tubes with improved parameters, the so-called tubes T4 and T5, 12 and 16 millimeters in diameter, respectively. In such dimensions, a standard LED tube with a power supply inside does not fit.

This utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result consisting in increasing the service life by eliminating additional heating of the LED board, while increasing the light power by ensuring the same operating conditions for all LEDs in terms of their ambient temperature.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a linear LED light source containing a tubular body made transparent or transparent on the surface opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements, a metal radiator is placed along the tube on which a board with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements is fixed, while the housing made with electrical contacts, the tubular body is made of two parts connected along the length of the body, one of which is located is placed above the specified board opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements and is made transparent or transparent, and the other is located on the back side of the specified board and is made of metal to implement the function of heat removal from the body cavity, the board with the chain of LED radiation elements is fixed on a transversely located platform, which is metal a radiator and which is made integral with the part of the housing that performs the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing, and which is integral with the electric cients mounting board on site for their mechanical bending or crimping to press the board to the pad surface and ensure continuous thermal contact with the bottom of the board housing and the enclosure is formed

guides for placing linear plates in them, having optical properties for redirecting and / or mixing the rays incident from solid-state light sources when forming a given radiation pattern.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

This useful model is illustrated by specific examples of execution, which, however, are not the only possible, but clearly demonstrate the possibility of achieving the desired technical result.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a linear LED light source;

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a linear LED light source with an external isolated power supply;

FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a linear LED light source, fasteners for pressing the board to the surface of the site are in the initial position;

FIG. 4 is the same as in FIG. 1, the fastening elements are mechanically crimped to clamp the board to the surface of the site;

FIG. 5 - shows a second embodiment of a linear LED light source

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a linear LED light source;

FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of a linear LED light source;

FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment of a linear LED light source.

According to this utility model, the construction of a new tubular LED light source is considered (FIG. 1). This light source contains a tubular (tubular shape) housing made on a surface portion 1 opposite to the solid-state LED radiation elements 2 transparent or transparent. The housing is made with electrical contacts made with the possibility of connection with an externally placed insulated block

power 3 (PS) of the chain of LED radiation elements (Fig. 2). An isolated PSU is a power supply unit in which the secondary circuits are electrically isolated from the primary ones by either capacitive or inductive coupling. Inductive isolation in the form of a transformer is preferred. Electrical contacts can be made in the form of a separate node, which can be rotated relative to the metal part of the housing.

In the general case, a tubular LED light source is considered, which comprises a tubular body made transparent or transparent on the surface of the surface opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements and inside which a metal radiator 4 is placed along the tube, on which a board 5 with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements 2 is mounted. The housing is made with electrical contacts for connection with an externally placed insulated power supply unit of a chain of LED radiation elements. The tubular casing is made of two parts 5 and 6 connected along the length of the casing, one of which is located above the specified board opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements and is transparent or transparent, and the other is located on the back of the specified board and is made of metal to implement the heat removal function from the body cavity.

In this case, the metal part of the case is made with an inside located platform, which is a radiator 4 for the specified board 5 and which has fastening elements 7 (clips or clamps) located along this board for clamping the board to the surface of the site. And the transparent or transparent part of the case is made of plastic or mineral glass.

The case itself is made in a tubular form, at the end of which a unit carrying electrical contacts is mounted in the form of a socle. This assembly may be stationary and rigidly connected to the housing. In this case, the light source will be an elongated lamp. Such plinths may be mounted at each end of the tubular body. If the node with electrical contacts is made at each end of the tube, then the lamp can be made similar in size and by connecting to a standard fluorescent circuit

a tube (a so-called fluorescent lamp). If the node with electrical contacts is made rotatable, then it is possible to adjust the position of the transparent part of the surface of the housing with respect to the direction of lighting.

Along the tube there is a metal radiator 4 on which a board 5 is fixed with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements 2. The radiator is located transversely (in cross section) along the length of the housing and divides the internal cavity of the housing into two sections (Fig. 3). Thus, in the claimed tube-shaped light source, a part of the case located opposite the board is made to direct light radiation into the environment, and a part of the case located under the radiator, that is, on the back side of the board, is hollow, since the isolated PSU is removed from the case out and connected to the board through the electrical contacts of the node wires.

Removing the PSU from the cavity of the case and placing it outside the case as a separate unit carrying the scheme for converting the initial voltage of 220 V of the centralized power supply network to direct current for supplying the TSI allows eliminating the high cost of the PSU (miniaturization of PSU components is not required), increasing the safety of the electrical system lamps as a whole through the use of an isolated PSU, increase the power of the light source to any desired level, without loss of quality PSU, and with an increase of 2-3 times the service life of TSI and PSU for due to the exclusion of heating the TSI from the PSU, and the PSU from the TSI.

As a rule, in known tubular light sources of LED type, the LED board is fixed in the tube body either with glue or not fixed at all. Hence the instability of the contact spot of the LED board and the tube body (which serves as a heat sink), hence the poor heat transfer from the LEDs to the radiator (body), hence the reduced LED life. To eliminate this drawback, it is proposed that the LED board must be mechanically mounted on the radiator. This ensures contact between the LED board and the radiator (case). It is proposed to carry out a radiator with fastening elements 6 located along this board for clamping the board to the surface of the site (Figs. 3 and 4). Clips are made on the radiator, between which there is a board with solid-state light sources fixed to it. Board fixing

made by mechanical bending or crimping of the clamps (figure 4), which allows for constant thermal contact of the board of solid-state light sources and the body radiator. The board mounting elements on the platform can be made integral with the platform for their mechanical bending or compression to press the board to the surface of the platform and ensure constant thermal contact of the board with the lower part of the case.

The tubular casing is made of two parts connected along the length of the casing, one of which is located above the indicated board opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements and is made transparent or transparent, and the other part is located on the back of the specified board and is made of metal. The execution of the second part of the metal housing allows you to implement the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing. To enhance heat dissipation, a part of the casing made of metal to realize the function of heat removal from the cavity of the casing can be made with an externally located fin 8 (Figs. 3, 5, and 6).

In this embodiment, the radiator can be made in the form of a platform connecting the end parts of the lower part of the housing, as shown in FIG. 4 and 5. A circuit board with a chain of LED radiation elements is mounted on a transversely located platform, which is a radiator and which is made integral with a part of the housing that performs the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing. Thus, the entire lower part of the case is a radiator for the board, which greatly increases the heat sink and, as a result, increases the life of the light source by at least 2 times. Since the type of fluorescent tube (the so-called fluorescent lamp) is required to maintain transverse dimensions, equipping standard LED tubes with finning would go beyond the dimensions of a standard fluorescent tube, and the LED tube would no longer be a universal replacement for this standard fluorescent tube. The exception of the BP placement inside the tube allowed changing the shape of the lower part of the casing by pressing it inward, but it is possible to place the developed cooling fins in the released space, as shown in FIG. 6. For other cases shown in FIG. 3 and 4, the ribs can be made on the outer surface of the lower part of the housing by

organization of notches 9, not extending beyond the contour of the outer wall of the housing. The lower part of the housing may not have fins, but be designed to be developed, as shown in FIG. 5, in the direction of increasing the outer surface area of the lower part and limiting the area of a transparent or transparent portion of the upper part of the body.

The LED has a too wide radiation pattern, as a rule - 150 °. In the cases of standard fixtures, a lot of light (up to 25%) will be lost due to the fact that the light will go out through the reflector, and not directly. And in some cases, in flat glass fixtures, this part of the light will simply be lost. Due to the presence of a compartment for the power supply unit (PSU) inside the tube body, there is no room for any efficient optical system. With the exception of the location of the PSU in the case, the volume of the case is freed up, which allows you to make an optical system for LEDs and narrow the radiation pattern to the required 90 ° or other desired value, without increasing the dimensions of the tube above the permissible ones.

Such an example is shown in FIG. 5 and 6. An increase in the development of the area of the lower metal part of the casing made it possible not only to provide efficient heat dissipation, but also to use the walls 10 of this part of the casing for mounting linear plates 11 with optical properties for redirection and / or mixing in the guides on these walls (inside the casing) light rays incident from solid-state light sources.

The transparent or transparent part of the housing in the proposed tubular light source is made of plastic (for example, polycarbonate) or glass.

Below are examples of the performance of glass, which can greatly increase the light output of a lamp.

The glass can be made with a microprism system on its inner surface facing toward the board to form a light pattern or with a microprism system on its outer surface away from the board to form a light pattern. Glass can be made with partial overlapping by the diffuser to obtain a uniform light flux and to exclude the visibility of individual light points from solid-state LED radiation elements. Or glass

It is made filled with microgranules that provide the necessary degree of diffusion of light passing through the glass to obtain a uniform light flux and exclude the visibility of individual light points from solid-state LED radiation elements.

In FIG. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of a tubular LED light source that includes a tubular housing made of plastic or mineral glass. The housing can be made whole or in two parts. As in the previous examples, a metal radiator 4 is placed inside the case along the tube, on which a board 5 with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements 2 is fixed on its front side, and opposite to this board the case or its part is made transparent or transparent.

A feature of this embodiment is that on the back of the metal radiator 4 there is an additional board 12 with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements 2, opposite which the surface of the tubular body is made transparent or transparent.

Alternatively, the specified board with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements can be made elongated: part of it is located on the front surface of the radiator, and the other part is bent and placed on the back of the metal radiator, opposite which the surface of the tubular body is made transparent or transparent.

As in the previously discussed examples, the board is mounted in clamps. The radiator itself may have developed side walls (see Fig. 8), which operate as cooling fins. These developed side walls can be used to place linear plates in guides or clamps that have optical properties for redirecting and / or mixing the rays incident from solid-state light sources.

This utility model is industrially applicable and can be manufactured using technologies used in the manufacture of LED lamps. The utility model allows to increase the service life of a tubular LED light source by eliminating additional heating of the LED board with an increase in light power by providing

the same operating conditions for all LEDs according to their ambient temperature inside the housing. At the same time, due to the introduction of a developed cooling radiator over the area of the radiator, it becomes possible to organize an optical directional system to bring the light beam into a fixed angle of 90 ° or another required angle.

Claims (9)

1. A linear LED light source comprising a tubular body made transparent or transparent on a surface opposite the solid-state LED radiation elements; a metal radiator is placed along the tube on which a circuit board with a chain of solid-state LED radiation elements is fixed, while the body is made with electrical contacts, characterized the fact that the tubular housing is made of two parts connected along the length of the housing, one of which is located above the specified board, for example otiv solid-state LED radiation elements and is made transparent or transparent, and the other is located on the reverse side of the specified board and is made of metal to implement the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing, the board with a chain of LED radiation elements is mounted on a transversely located area, which is a metal radiator and which is made at the same time with the part of the case that performs the function of heat removal from the cavity of the case, and which is made at the same time with the board mounting elements on the area ke for mechanical bending or crimping them to press the board to the surface of the platform and ensure constant thermal contact of the board with the lower part of the housing, and guides are made in the device body to accommodate linear plates with optical properties for redirecting and / or mixing falling from solid state light sources of rays during the formation of a given radiation pattern.        2. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrical contacts on the housing are capable of being connected to an externally disposed insulated power supply unit of a chain of individual radiation elements.       3. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the housing, made of metal for the implementation of the function of heat removal from the cavity of the housing, is made with an externally located fin.        4. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrical contacts are made in the form of a separate unit, which can be rotated relative to the metal part of the housing.        5. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear plates having optical properties for redirecting and / or mixing the rays incident from solid-state light sources, and thus forming a predetermined radiation pattern, are integral with the device body .        6. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent or transparent part of the housing is made with a microprism system on its inner surface facing the circuit board to form a light pattern.       7. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent or transparent part of the housing is made with a microprism system on its outer surface facing away from the board to form a light pattern.        8. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent or transparent part of the housing is partially overlapped by a diffuser to obtain a uniform light flux and exclude the visibility of individual light points from solid-state LED radiation elements. 9. The linear LED light source according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent or transparent part of the housing is filled with microgranules that provide the necessary light scattering through this part of the housing to obtain a uniform light flux and exclude the visibility of individual light points from solid-state LED elements radiation.

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