RU152368U1 - AMPHIBIAN VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

An amphibious vehicle containing a displacement hull, a power plant, a transmission, land and water propulsion and control means, characterized in that it contains two side shields on the sides of the displacement body, made with the possibility of changing its position relative to the machine body using power cylinders mounted on the sides and associated with controls, and two controlled hydrodynamic surfaces at the aft ends of the side flaps, which can change their position relative to the main surface.

Description

The utility model relates to amphibious vehicles, namely, to the creation of seaworthy high-speed amphibians with a variable surface planing, and can be used for multi-purpose use in water basins and adjacent land areas under year-round operation.

The utility model RU 81464 (publication date 03/20/2009, B60V 1/18) is known from the prior art, aimed at increasing stability and controllability at high speeds, in particular, eliminating the phenomenon of “burying" of the bow of the vessel due to the increasing pitch moment . To this end, an amphibious hovercraft, comprising a hull with a flexible guard fixed around the perimeter of the vessel, and a superstructure, the bow of which is streamlined, is additionally equipped with a lifting aerodynamic wing, mounted on the supporting elements of the hull in the bow at an angle of attack of 4 -5 °. The main disadvantage of the technical solution is its low damping properties, and the structural design of the vessel does not solve the problem of increasing the speed of the vehicle.

The hovercraft has similar disadvantages, in which, with the aim of increasing speed and economy, as well as overcoming high waves and land irregularities, it is equipped with wings with ailerons on the sides, and the stabilizer is equipped with a elevator (see RU 17905, publ. 05.10.2001 , B60V 1/18).

An amphibious vehicle is known from the prior art, which comprises a housing, an engine connected to it, kinematically connected to an air propulsion device and a bottom made with a flat part and adjacent sections of the bottom with a transverse pitching of at least 12 degrees. The bottom sections are connected to the sides of the amphibious vehicle body with a large pitching angle (see RU134856 Opul. 11/27/2013, B60F 3/00). The specified technical solution has low damping properties in planing mode.

It is also known that an air cushion vessel contains an inflatable board with a flexible guard fixed along the perimeter of the vessel and a superstructure (the hull itself), the bow of which is streamlined and the hull is articulated with a flexible air cushion enclosure by means of an inflatable balloon made of a similar to a flexible enclosure materials (RU68998, publ. 10.12.2007, B60V 1/18). A disadvantage of the known solution is the instability of the vessel at an increased speed, as well as high rates of power consumption when entering the planing mode. This decision is the closest in the set of essential features and is taken as the closest analogue.

The problem solved by the utility model is to create an amphibious machine with an increased speed of movement afloat.

The technical result is to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of the machine when moving afloat, the ability to provide correction of the trim and roll of the machine during its operation in water areas due to the use of controlled hydrodynamic surfaces.

The technical result is achieved in that the amphibious vehicle containing a displacement hull, a power plant, a transmission, land and water propulsion and control means, according to a utility model, includes

- two side flaps on the sides of the displacement body and made with the possibility of changing their position relative to the machine body using power cylinders mounted on the sides and associated with controls

- and two controlled hydrodynamic surfaces at the aft ends of the side flaps, which can change their position relative to the main surface.

The advantage of the proposed utility model is that it makes it possible to reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of the machine and enter the planing mode at a lower power requirement, achieve higher speeds afloat, and also provides correction of the trim and roll of the machine during its operation due to the use of controlled hydrodynamic surfaces .

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a general view of an amphibious vehicle;

In FIG. 2 - an amphibious vehicle on land, hydrodynamic surfaces are located on the sides of the displacement hull and pressed to them.

In FIG. 3 - amphibious vehicle afloat in a static position. Hydrodynamic surfaces are located on the sides of the displacement hull and are in working position.

In FIG. 4 - amphibious vehicle afloat in motion. Hydrodynamic surfaces in working position. During translational motion on hydrodynamic surfaces, a lifting force is created that reduces draft and hydrodynamic resistance of an amphibious vehicle;

In FIG. 5 - view A - limits of change in position of controlled hydrodynamic surfaces

The inventive utility model is a high-speed amphibious vehicle with hydrodynamic unloading, which has: a displacement body 1, a power plant 2, a transmission 3, a land 4 and a navigable 5 propulsors, controls, two main hydrodynamic surfaces in the form of side shields 6, made of metal or composite material and having internal cavities to facilitate the design and increase the static buoyancy margin, and two controllable hydrodynamic surfaces 7. Lateral e shields 6 are movably fixed by means of hinges 8 on the sides of the displacement housing 1. Controls additionally include power cylinders 9 mounted on the sides and connected with the corresponding control elements. The power cylinders 9 in working condition change the deflection angle of the side flaps 6 relative to the amphibian body 1 by opening them upward. Due to the opening of the side flaps 6 increases the surface gliding.

On the outer surfaces of the side flaps, longitudinal redans can be placed. The effect of longitudinal redans consists of cutting off the water from the surface and creating additional lifting force, which reduces the draft of the body, and therefore reduces the wetted surface and friction resistance. At the same time, that part of the water flow that spreads in the transverse direction to the sides “works” on the redans and enters the redans at an angle close to the straight line.

At the aft ends of the main hydrodynamic planes 6 there are two controllable hydrodynamic surfaces 7, which can change their position relative to the main surfaces. In FIG. 5 shows the limits of the change in the position of the controlled hydrodynamic surfaces in the working position. The controlled hydrodynamic surfaces 7 make it possible to control the roll and trim of the amphibious vehicle due to the hydrodynamic forces created on their surfaces, which depend on the position of the controlled hydrodynamic surfaces relative to the main hydrodynamic surfaces. If the position of the controlled hydrodynamic surfaces changes synchronously (the same) on both sides, then control is performed by the trim (pitch angle), if asynchronously (not the same), then by the roll of the amphibious vehicle.

Unlike classical hydrofoils, which are located at a sufficient depth in the water column, the proposed design glides over the surface of the water and overcomes shallow water, which is an obstacle for displacement vehicles and hydrofoil vehicles.

The operation of an amphibious vehicle is as follows.

When moving on land hydrodynamic surfaces - the side flaps 6 are pressed against the side walls of the hull 1 and provide additional protection for the side projection of the hull. When entering the water under the action of the power cylinders 9, the side flaps 6 open. Due to the lifting force arising on hydrodynamic surfaces during translational motion, an amphibious vehicle rises above the surface of the water, reduces its draft, hydrodynamic resistance decreases and the machine enters the planing mode at a lower power requirement.

Claims (1)

Amphibious vehicle containing a displacement hull, a power plant, a transmission, land and water propulsion and control means, characterized in that contains two side flaps on the sides of the displacement body, made with the possibility of changing its position relative to the machine body using power cylinders mounted on the sides and associated with controls, and two controllable hydrodynamic surfaces at the aft ends of the side flaps, which can change their position relative to the main surface.

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