RU151928U1 - HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

A household water treatment device, comprising a set of step-by-step water treatment modules, characterized in that the first stage of treatment is made in the form of a mechanical module of 100% porous polypropylene fiber, the second stage of treatment is made in the form of a coal module from granulated loose coal from coconut shell, the third stage of treatment made in the form of a sorption microporous block module of high-quality powder activated carbon from coconut shell, the fourth stage of purification and a membrane module of a hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber, the fifth cleaning step is made as a post-filter with activated charcoal from coconut shells.

Description

The utility model relates to filtering devices for cleaning liquids and can find application in domestic conditions for the purification of tap water and other household liquids.

Known constructions of jug-type filtering devices for liquid purification include, as a rule, three elements: a reservoir for filtered water in the form of a funnel and a reservoir for filtered water in the form of a jug, which communicate with each other through a filtration device. The liquid is poured into a tank for filtered water, which, under the action of gravitational forces, flows through the filtering device and is collected in a tank for filtered water. At the same time, the filtration device consists of two working zones - upper and lower. The upper working area is a cover with openings for the input of the source fluid and the outflow of air, and the lower working area has at least one outlet in the base for the outlet of the purified liquid and, as a rule, is filled with filter material. Activated carbon is commonly used as filter materials in such filter devices.

The following relevant sources are known related to the prior art of the claimed technical solution: US patent 5049272, US patent 8216465, US patent 8101076, RF patent 2262976, RF patent 2410330, patent DE 4422709.

A filtration device is known, consisting of two working zones, at least one means of fixing at least one regulatory element, while the upper working area is made with holes for fluid inlet and air outflow, and the lower working area having at least one outlet in the base, filled with the first filtering material, characterized in that the upper working area is configured to control the stiffness of the filtered fluid throughout the entire resource in the form of a container with a flow space filled with a second filter material with at least two groups of liquid flow distributors of varying shapes and sizes, while the total area of the flow distributors of the first group is larger than the total area of the flow distributors of the second group, and the control element is at least one channel located in the upper working area, and the valve of the fixation device interconnected with it during the filtration of the liquid, see RF patent 2525377.

Household filters for drinking water purification operating on the principle of reverse osmosis are widely known, for example, the four-stage ATOLL A-460E filter manufactured by GE Osmonics (USA), see [http://vvww.aquatrol.ru/ochistka-klapany_ypr -GE.htm, http://www.geliosco.ru/complects.php?loc=67, http://www.lenntech.com], which has two stages of pre-filtration and is recommended for use on source water that complies with the norms of CaNPiN . In the ATOLL A-460E filter, the 1st stage includes preliminary cleaning of mechanical impurities and insoluble impurities with a particle size of more than 5 microns, the 2nd stage includes cleaning using a granulated coconut coal cartridge and provides chemical cleaning of chlorine and chlorine compounds , pesticides, organics, etc., the 3rd stage - reverse osmosis membrane treatment, retarding almost all dissolved components, as well as salts of heavy metals, organic impurities and bacteria, 4th stage, installed after le storage tank - post-treatment of water from odors and gases. The five-stage reverse osmosis filter ATOLL A-560E, manufactured by the same company, has an additional stage of preliminary filtration from mechanical impurities with a particle size of more than 1 micron and is used for increased contamination of the source water.

Filters with a reverse osmosis system provide a high degree of purification, however, deep desalination of water purified by reverse osmosis leads to the removal of physiologically necessary substances such as calcium and magnesium from its composition. This problem can be solved by dosing some physiologically useful trace elements into purified water by reverse osmosis, however, the implementation of this method in everyday conditions is impossible due to technical complexity and, accordingly, high cost.

A known installation of post-treatment of drinking water to obtain packaged drinking water according to the patent of Russian Federation 46498, comprising a sorption-catalytic filter, a carbon absorption filter, cartridge filters, an ultraviolet irradiation unit, a clean water tank, characterized in that it contains a reverse osmosis unit equipped with a bypass line, after which it is installed a schungite filter filled with a mechanical mixture of crushed schungite and activated carbon modified with silver in a ratio of one to one. To increase the degree of mineralization of drinking water to physiological norms in this scheme, part of the water that has passed prefiltration on mechanical and sorption cartridges is supplied via a bypass line, bypassing the reverse osmosis unit, through shungite and mechanical filters, and an ultraviolet irradiation unit into a clean water tank. The disadvantage of this installation is the limited use of it only for receiving packaged water and the inability to use it in a domestic environment.

In household reverse osmosis filters, additional steps are most often used to restore the mineral composition of purified water - the so-called mineralizing cartridges installed after the reverse osmosis stage of filtration. The disadvantage of this method is the instability of the cartridge-mineralizer. With a constant flow of demineralized water through the cartridge-mineralizer, its effectiveness is not significant, and with long interruptions in water consumption, the primary volume of water from the cartridge-mineralizer has excessive mineralization.

Another important disadvantage of this method of restoring the mineral composition of purified water is the difficulty in ensuring microbiological safety of the loading of the cartridge-mineralizer itself. Especially with irregular water consumption in the domestic use of the filter.

The technical problem solved by the claimed utility model is the creation of a multi-stage household water treatment system that provides a high degree of water purification while maintaining the mineral composition of the purified water.

The essence of the claimed utility model as a technical solution is expressed in the following set of essential features, sufficient to achieve the above technical result provided by the utility model.

A household water treatment device, including a set of stepwise water treatment modules, is characterized in that the first stage of treatment is made in the form of a mechanical module of 100% porous polypropylene fiber, the second stage of treatment is made in the form of a coal module from granulated loose coal from coconut shells, the third stage of treatment made in the form of a sorption microporous block module of high-quality powder activated carbon from coconut shell, the fourth stage of purification Nena a membrane module of a hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber, the fifth cleaning step is made as a post-filter with activated charcoal from coconut shells.

This is the totality of essential features that provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The technical result provided by the utility model consists in the fact that the water purification methods used in the claimed device — mechanical and sorption purification, carried out in the claimed sequence, using coconut shell coal at several stages, which has high sorption properties and excellent wear resistance, provide universal deep purification of tap water of any hardness from mechanical impurities (rust, silt, sand, etc.), as well as from dissolved impurities, t FIR as free chlorine, organochlorine compounds, pesticides, petroleum products, heavy metals and other organic and inorganic substances. The claimed device preserves the mineral composition of purified water, eliminates unpleasant odors, improves the subjective taste of water, reduces the presence of hard salts in water, which reduces or completely eliminates scale on teapots and utensils.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a block diagram of the claimed device.

A household water treatment device includes a mechanical module 1, a carbon module 2, a sorption microporous block module 3, a membrane module 4, and a post-filter 5.

The claimed device operates as follows.

The inlet device is connected to the cold water pipeline of the centralized drinking water supply system. The inlet water pressure should be from 0.15 to 0.6 MPa; water temperature from plus 5 to plus 35 ° C, ambient temperature from plus 5 to plus 40 ° C. At the outlet, the system has a tap for dispensing purified water that meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01.

To connect the device to the water supply, the installation kit includes a ball valve, a connecting hose with fittings and a clean water valve. To flush the membrane module, a plastic flush valve is installed on the device bracket. Tap water through a ball valve enters the device, sequentially passing through each stage of filtration, and comes to a clean water tap. The selection of clean drinking water is made from a clean water tap. The tap of pure water has a reliable wear-resistant ceramic shutter mechanism with a smooth stroke and does not require much effort during operation.

At the first stage of purification, the mechanical module 1 of 100% porous polypropylene fiber, which is highly resistant to bacteria and chemicals, pre-purifies water and removes mechanical impurities, including rust, algae, silt, sediment.

At the second stage of purification, the coal module 2 made of granular bulk coal performs a preliminary preliminary sorption purification of water, retains active chlorine, organochlorine and other organic compounds, heavy metal ions, pesticides, and chemical poisons.

At the third stage of purification, the sorption microporous block module 3 from high-quality powdered activated carbon removes residual unpleasant odors, traps chlorine, suspended matter, microcolloid and other substances harmful to health, and also improves the taste of water.

In the fourth stage of purification, the membrane module 4 of hydrophobic polo-fiber polypropylene carries out the ultrafiltration process. The pores of the membrane module 4 have an average size of 0.1 μm × 0.01 μm. After hydrophilization of the membrane surface, the module can remove organic impurities and bacteria, the size of which is more than 0.01 μm.

At the fifth stage of purification, the post-filter 5 with activated coconut charcoal finishes the water, normalizes the pH of the water, and eliminates its secondary pollution.

The claimed device provides:

- removal of mechanical impurities with a particle size of up to 0.01 μm, which allows you to get water crystalline degree of transparency, which is very important from a medical point of view. The smallest particles, such as rust, can cause various types of allergies and dysfunction in the digestive tract.

- reduces the content of viruses in 1000 times. Due to the sorption properties of removable modules, the water purification system effectively removes viruses, as well as organic and organochlorine impurities, active chlorine and heavy metals.

- delays microorganisms and bacteria without the use of biocidal additives, being a reliable barrier to microorganisms such as staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, cholera vibrio.

- preserves the mineral composition of purified water, eliminates unpleasant odors, improves the subjective taste of water, reduces the presence of hard salts in water, which reduces or completely eliminates scale on teapots and utensils.

The main technical characteristics and parameters of the claimed device are shown in table 1.

The possibility of industrial application of the claimed technical solution is confirmed by the known and described in the application means and methods by which it is possible to implement a utility model, in the form described in the utility model formula. The proposed device can be manufactured industrially from known materials using known technologies and technical means.

The claimed water treatment device and its modules were developed by MED-Pribor SPB LLC, taking into account the requirements of applicable laws and regulations, namely: TU 3697-016-91965476-2014, TP TS 010/2011, GOST R 51871.

Structurally, the claimed device is a single product of full factory readiness, including all the necessary functional elements to ensure efficient and safe operation in accordance with the intended purpose

The design of the claimed device meets the requirements of manufacturability, reliability during the service life specified in the operational documentation, ensures safety during manufacture, operation and disposal.

Claims (1)

A household water treatment device, comprising a set of step-by-step water treatment modules, characterized in that the first stage of treatment is made in the form of a mechanical module of 100% porous polypropylene fiber, the second stage of treatment is made in the form of a coal module from granulated loose coal from coconut shell, the third stage of treatment made in the form of a sorption microporous block module of high-quality powder activated carbon from coconut shell, the fourth stage of purification and a membrane module of a hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber, the fifth cleaning step is made as a post-filter with activated charcoal from coconut shells.

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