RU151404U1 - SYSTEM OF AUTONOMOUS POWER SUPPLY OF RAILWAY CARS OR PLATFORMS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The system of autonomous power supply of railway cars or platforms from the axis of the wheelset, including a subcar generator mounted on a rigid frame located in the car space and connected to the spinal beam of the frame of the car or platform on the one hand and with the shaft of the pair of wheels on the other hand, characterized by the following design features: - the specified rigid frame is connected to the shaft of the wheelset using split rubber bushings located in the internal cavity of the split hollow shaft, installed embedded in split bearings, the bearings are mounted on a rigid frame; - said rigid frame contains a drive connecting the wheel pair to the generator shaft and consisting of a gear and a belt drive, - said gear includes two or more gears; - said belt drive is made in the form of a driving and driven pulleys, interconnected by a drive belt, and the primary drive gear wheel is detachable and mounted on the specified split hollow shaft, the last driven the gear shaft is mounted on the end of the intermediate shaft mounted on a rigid frame, the drive belt pulley is mounted on the other end of the intermediate shaft, and the driven belt drive pulley is mounted on the generator shaft; characterized in that the said rigid frame is connected to the shaft of the wagon wheel pair or platforms according to a two-support scheme, one of the bearings contains a radial bearing, the second contains an assembly of two bearings - radial and thrust - the specified rigid frame is connected to the frame of the car or platform with help

Description

The inventive utility model relates to railway transport and, in particular, to rolling stock and to its power supply systems.

Perishable goods (hereinafter LNG), most of which are food products, are socially significant. Their transportation by rail plays an important role in supplying the country's population with food.

To accomplish this task, railways use specialized rolling stock, which includes group refrigerated rolling stock (GRPS), which includes refrigerated sections of different composition, consisting of freight cars and an office car with a diesel power station and a utility room for a service crew of mechanics, and single isothermal wagons (OIV) - mainly autonomous refrigerated wagons (ARV and ARV-E), thermos (VT) wagons, freight wagons of refrigerated sections converted for transportation of LNG in the "thermos" mode (IV-thermos), and some other single isothermal cars.

In rail transport, perishable goods include 21 names of food cargo, which are divided by the method of transportation into those suitable for transportation in thermoses (thermosuitable) and transported in refrigerators (refrigerated cargoes). The nomenclature of perishable goods transported by rail in 2013: fish, meat, sausages, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, beer, juices, soft drinks, canned goods, margarine products and others. The transportation market can be divided into two main cargo groups:

- meat, fish, fruits, sausages (25.2%), intended mainly for transportation in a group refrigerated rolling stock (GRPS) and in thermos cars at short distances.

- thermosuitable goods intended for transportation in IV-thermoses and refrigerated containers - fruits, vegetables, margarine products, beer, juices, wine, drinks, canned goods and others (74.8%).

Today, perishable goods in Russia are transported by rail using the following train formation technologies:

- refrigerated containers are transported only on trailers for 12 specialized electrified fitting platforms with a diesel-car power plant;

- technology for the formation of couplers from 4-5 specialized refrigerated sections with a diesel-car power station serviced by a refrigerated brigade (GRPS technology);

- refrigerated containers are transported in couplers of up to 6 cars on electrified fitting platforms equipped with a diesel generator set as a power source as part of the GRPS couplers serviced by the refrigerator team;

- technology for the transportation of perishable goods in IV-thermoses, in thermos containers with providing temperature conditions for short distances within the delivery time limits established by the transportation rules for these goods.

Transportation of perishable goods in refrigerated containers is an alternative to transport in refrigerated wagons, as well as a competitive technology in this market segment.

The possibility of organizing single carriage shipments to the consignee of fitting platforms modernized by an autonomous energy supply system will significantly reduce downtime while waiting for loading and unloading, expand the geography of transportation, provide the required temperature conditions for this type of cargo during transportation, and significantly reduce energy costs and maintenance of crews due to the use of the rotation of the axis of the wheelset as a source of generation.

And most importantly, to maintain the quality of the cargo during the transportation of LNG, on which the health of citizens directly depends.

Currently, two developments are known that are the closest analogues (prototypes):

"The system of autonomous power supply of railway freight cars and / or platforms from the axis of the wheelset" (patent PM No. 1055861, publ. 06/27/2011, B60L 1/00;

"The system of autonomous power supply of railway freight cars and / or platforms from the axis of the wheelset" (patent PM No. 130557, publ. 07.27.2013, B60L.

"Autonomous power supply system ..." in accordance with PM No. 1058 61, includes a subcar generator mounted on a rigid frame located in the subcarriage and pivotally connected on one side to the frame (spinal beam of the frame) of the car and / or platform and on the other hand the wheel of the pair of wheels with the possibility of providing free rotation of the shaft in a rigid frame, drive.

In patent PM No. 1055861, a rigid frame is connected to the spinal beam (s) of the carriage and / or platform by means of traction with two spherical joints at the ends and with the wheel pair shaft using split rubber bushings located in the internal cavity of the split hollow shaft, and on the surface of the split hollow shaft made concentric grooves in which detachable bearings made in the form of rollers are installed, providing free rotation of the axis of the wheelset in a rigid frame on which the car generator is mounted.

The drive is made in the form of a belt drive, which contains a drive pulley mounted on the wheel pair shaft from the inside of the wheel pair, a driven pulley mounted on the generator shaft, a drive belt and a drive belt tensioner.

The device is designed to provide uninterrupted autonomous power supply during the movement of cars and / or platforms driven by axles of wheel pairs of frameless freight trolleys.

The device has the following disadvantages:

- the power transmitted by the belt drive from the axis of the wheelset to the generator is limited by the gear ratio of the driving and driven pulleys, which depends on the size of the wheel and on the height of the carriage space, taking into account the normative on the height of the track structure in the carriage space.

- to replace the drive belt, it is necessary to roll out the trolley from under the wagon or platform and release the wheelset to put a new belt on its axis.

- the minimum length of the belt (determined) by the possibility of putting it on the wheel, which leads to an increase in the dimensions of the rigid generator suspension frame.

In the "Autonomous power supply system ..." in accordance with PM No. 130557, the drive of the device is made in two stages and consists of the first and second stages.

The first stage of the two-stage drive is a gear, the gear is mounted on a detachable hollow shaft, the driven gear is installed on the end of the intermediate shaft with the possibility of its disengagement from the gear.

The second stage of the two-stage drive is a belt drive consisting of a drive pulley, a driven pulley, drive belts and a tensioner. The drive pulley is mounted on the end of the countershaft. At the opposite end of the intermediate shaft - a driven gear of the gear set. The driven pulley is mounted on the generator shaft.

The hollow shaft is centered and rotates in a system of three bearings - rollers (bearings) located at an angle of 120 ° around each other in a circle.

The drive belt can be made detachable. Belt drive can be made in the form of a V-belt drive with a wedge-shaped drive belt. The wedge-shaped drive belt may be detachable.

The device has the following disadvantages:

- the power transmitted by the belt drive from the axis of the wheelset to the generator is limited by the technological features of the manufacture of detachable belts and is 0.5-0.7 of the power of the integral (one-piece) belts,

- an increase in the length and number of belts, an increase in the diameters of the driving and driven pulleys, is limited by the dimensions of the space between the wheels of the axle of the wheelset and the distance between the rail head of the upper track structure and the frame of the platform (car) in the car space, respectively, increasing the power in this way is impossible

- when the gear is disconnected on empty runs of a car or platform, the belt belts are unevenly drawn and the bearings of the generator rotor are statically overloaded (overloaded) and therefore wear is faster,

- alignment in conditions of a carriage depot of a hollow shaft with three bearings (bearings) is extremely difficult or impossible, due to its depreciation on rubber inserts, which leads to a shift in the center distance in the gear transmission and, accordingly, a violation of its operation parameters, a decrease in the resource, and reliability of the whole mechanism,

- both supports of the hollow shaft are roller, which does not allow fixing the position of the rigid frame in the direction of the axis of the wheelset.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the reliability of the mechanical part of the system, reduce material consumption, increase operational characteristics, increase the safety of the structure.

The aim of the proposed solution is to expand the product range.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the rigid frame is connected to the spinal beam (frame) of the car and / or platform with an additional safety cable. One of the hollow shaft supports is made in the form of an assembly of two bearings - a radial roller and a persistent reinforced double-row ball. The rigid frame suspension system involves the use of not only spherical joints, but also conventional joint systems.

DESCRIPTION OF GRAPHIC MATERIAL

In FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the claimed device

In FIG. 2 shows a section along the axis of the wheel pair and along the axis of the intermediate shaft.

In FIG. 3 shows the spherical hinges of the suspension.

In FIG. 4 shows a side view of the claimed device, arrangement in the car space.

In FIG. 5 shows a top view of the claimed device.

In FIG. 6 shows a front view of the inventive device, arrangement in the car space.

In FIG. 7 shows two types of thrust bearings - roller ball.

ACCEPTED DESIGNATIONS

1 - subcar generator.

2 - a leading gear wheel.

3 - driven gear.

4 - split hollow shaft.

5 - an intermediate shaft.

6 - shaft (axis) of the wheelset.

7 - split rubber bushings.

8 - a leading pulley.

9 - driven pulley.

10 - belt or belts.

11 - tension device

12 - frame.

13 - safety cable.

14 - support.

15 - suspension.

16 - hinges of a suspension bracket.

17 - radial bearing.

18 - housing support.

19 - inner race (half rings) of the thrust bearing.

20 - the outer race (half rings) of the thrust bearing.

22 - spherical hinge.

The system is arranged as follows.

The autonomous power supply system comprises a subcar generator 1 and a two-stage drive. The first stage in the form of a detachable driving gear 2, which is in constant (or with the possibility of disengagement) with the driven gear 3. The gear 2 is mounted on a detachable hollow shaft 4, the gear 3 is fixedly mounted on the intermediate shaft 5 and, preferably, is constantly engaged with a gear wheel 2. The hollow shaft 4 is mounted on the axis of the wheelset 6 using split rubber bushings 7 located in the internal cavities of the shaft 4. The second stage is a belt drive in the form of a drive pulley 8, a driven pulley 9, belts 10 and a tension device 11. The drive pulley 8 is installed on the opposite end of the intermediate shaft 5 from the gear 3. The driven pulley 9 is mounted on the shaft of the generator 1. The generator 1 with the tensioner 11 and the intermediate shaft 5 are mounted on the frame 12. The frame 12 is supported on two sides by two supports 14 on a hollow shaft 4. In one of the supports, a non-standard (split) roller bearing 17 was used, in the other an assembly of a non-standard (split) roller bearing 17 and a non-standard (split) thrust double-row ball reinforced (with increased load completeness) of the bearing 19, 20. On the other hand, on the suspension 15, connected at one end to the frame 12, the other end to the frame of the car or platform, through hinges 16. The hinges can be spherical 22 or in the form of a set of cylindrical, the main requirement is to ensure each of which two degrees of freedom along the horizontal axes. To increase the safety of operation of the system, a safety cable 13 is added to the structure, fixed to a rigid frame from the side of the installed generator and to the frame of the platform or car. A non-standard roller bearing consists of rollers placed in a fixed detachable outer ring and installed in the groove of a rotating hollow shaft 4, which acts as an internal cage. To transfer forces acting along the axis of the wheelset to the hollow shaft 4, in the housing 18 of the support 14 there is a non-standard, separable thrust ball or roller bearing 19, 20, consisting of half rings of the inner race 19 installed in the groove of the hollow shaft 4 and rotating together with the shaft, fixed half rings of the outer casing 20, installed in the housing 18 and two rows of balls (or rollers) located between the inner and outer half rings.

Split rubber bushings 7 provide torque transmission from the wheel pair 6 to the hollow shaft 4. Two roller bearings and a thrust ball (or roller) bearing in the bearings of the frame 12 allow the wheel pair to absorb loads and rotate relative to the frame 12 without radial and axial displacements. The use of roller bearings can reduce contact stresses and increase the durability of the system, and in addition to increase the accuracy of maintaining the center-to-center distance of the gear transmission. The presence of hinges 16 in the suspension 15 and the free rotation of the frame 12 relative to the hollow shaft 4 allows the gear and belt transmissions to remain in their planes as the wagon or platform passes curved sections of the track. The constant engagement of the gear 3 with the driving gear 2 allows the drive and the generator to rotate not only when operating under load, but also on empty runs of the car or platform, which ensures uniform stretching of the belt drive belts and eliminates the static loading of the generator rotor bearings.

The design of a split thrust reinforced ball bearing for use primarily in the inventive system of autonomous power supply.

The bearing consists of a split inner sleeve 19, a split outer sleeve 20 and two rows of balls. The split outer cage is integral and consists of two cages, each of which consists of two half rings. To increase the bearing capacity of the bearing, the inner race has a complex profile consisting of two rows of ball raceways and a developed, reinforced shelf between the rows of balls, which allows significant axial thrust forces to be transmitted. Each of the outer cages has a curved profile, forming a track for rolling balls with the application of force in the axial direction.

When mounting, the first part of the outer casing is first mounted. Then it is filled with the first row of balls. After that, the inner clip is installed. Fill the second row of balls. Install the second part of the outer cage.

The specified gear may include two or more gears. The number of gears in the transmission is determined by the necessary transmitted power, the necessary degree of reduction, the requirements for the dimensions of the device, etc. The specified gear can be made in two or more steps, depending on the transmitted power, the necessary degree of reduction, requirements on the dimensions of the device, etc. parameters.

The design of a split thrust reinforced roller bearing for use primarily in the inventive system of autonomous power supply is claimed.

The bearing consists of a split inner race 19, a split outer race 20 and two rows of rollers. The split outer cage is integral and consists of two cages, each of which consists of two half rings. To increase the load capacity of the bearing, the inner cage has a complex profile consisting of two rows of raceways for the rollers and a developed, reinforced shelf between the rows of rollers, which allows transmitting significant persistent forces in the axial direction. Each of the outer cages has a figured profile forming a track for rolling the rollers with the application of force in the axial direction.

When mounting, the first part of the outer casing is first mounted. Then it is filled with the first row of rollers. After that, the inner clip is installed. Fill the second row of rollers. Install the second part of the outer cage.

The thrust bearing may further comprise a spacer ring mounted between the two rings of the outer race. The thrust bearing may also further comprise a female ring for fixing the relative position of the rings of the outer race.

The proposed device operates as follows.

An indispensable condition for the operation of the proposed power supply system is the parallelism of the axis of the wheelset 6, the intermediate shaft 5, the shaft of the generator 1 and the coincidence of the planes of the streams of the leading 8 and the driven 9 pulleys.

While the wagon or platform is moving along the railroad tracks, a pair of wheels, through rubber bushings 7, transmits torque to the generator shaft 1 through the hollow shaft 4, with the driving gear 2 mounted on it, the driven gear 3, the intermediate shaft 5, the driving pulley 8, and the belts 10 and a driven pulley 9 mounted on the shaft of the generator 1.

The presence of a rigid frame 12 and its connection with the hollow shaft 4 through bearings 14 with roller bearings and with a thrust ball bearing in the housing 18 ensures parallelism of the generator shaft 1 relative to the axis 6 of the wheel pair and the absence of axial displacements. The possibility of rotation of the frame 12 around the hollow shaft 4 on roller bearings in the bearings 14 and the spherical hinges 16 of the suspension 15 allow the frame 12 to move relative to the frame of the car or platform during the passage of curved sections of the path.

Thus, the proposed design provides the possibility of autonomous power supply of platforms or wagons from the axis of the wheelsets of freight carts when moving along straight and curved sections of the track.

The inventive thrust bearing operates as follows.

When the shaft rotates or in a static position, axial loads are transmitted to one side from the side of one profiled track to the side of one corresponding external cage through a set of balls or rollers. Axial loads to the other side are transmitted from the side of the other profiled track to the side of the corresponding outer cage.

The inventive system and bearings are industrially applicable, since they can be manufactured at existing industrial enterprises, including serial production.

Claims (12)

1. The system of autonomous power supply of railway cars or platforms from the axis of the wheelset, including a subcar generator mounted on a rigid frame located in the car space and connected to the spinal beam of the frame of the car or platform on the one hand and with the shaft of the pair of wheels on the other hand, characterized by the following design features: - the specified rigid frame is connected to the shaft of the wheelset using split rubber bushings located in the inner cavity of the split hollow shaft installed in the split bearings, the bearings are mounted on a rigid frame; - the specified rigid frame contains a drive connecting the shaft of the wheelset with the shaft of the generator and consisting of a gear transmission and a belt drive, - the specified gear includes two or more gears; - the specified belt drive is made in the form of a driving and driven pulleys connected to each other by a drive belt, the primary drive gear wheel is detachable and mounted on the specified split hollow shaft, the last driven gear of the gear drive is mounted on the end of the intermediate shaft mounted on a rigid frame, the drive belt pulley is mounted on the other end of the intermediate shaft, and the driven belt drive pulley is mounted on the generator shaft; characterized in that - the specified rigid frame is connected to the shaft of the wheelset of the carriage or platform in a two-bearing scheme, one of the bearings contains a radial bearing, the second contains an assembly of two bearings - radial and thrust, - the specified rigid frame is connected to the frame of the car or platform using a suspension with two degrees of freedom in the form of a traverse and traction; - the system is equipped with a safety cable installed near the place of installation of the generator and mounted on the spinal beam of the frame of the car or platform. 2. The autonomous power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that at the ends of the thrust spherical joints are installed. 3. An autonomous power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that said gear transmission is made of two or more steps. 4. The autonomous power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gears of said gear transmission are in constant engagement. 5. The autonomous power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that all or part of the gears of said gear transmission are adapted to be disengaged. 6. The autonomous power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the detachable supports of the rigid frame are mounted on a rotating split hollow shaft on split bearings. 7. Thrust bearing for installation in a system according to claim 1, characterized in that - contains an inner clip, an outer clip, a set of balls, characterized in that - internal and external clips detachable; - the inner cage is made with a reinforced profiled partition separating two rows of balls and perceiving a persistent load in two directions along the axis; - the outer ring is made of two split rings having a shaped profile containing a shelf with a profiled track for transmitting forces in the axial direction. 8. The thrust bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a spacer ring mounted between the two rings of the outer race. 9. The thrust bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a female ring for fixing the relative position of the rings of the outer race. 10. Thrust bearing for installation in the system according to claim 1, characterized in that - contains an inner clip, an outer clip, a set of rollers, characterized in that - internal and external clips detachable; - the inner cage is made with a reinforced profiled partition separating two rows of rollers and perceiving a persistent load in two directions along the axis; - the outer ring is made of two split rings having a shaped profile containing a shelf with a profiled track for transmitting forces in the axial direction. 11. The thrust bearing according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a spacer ring mounted between two rings of the outer race. 12. The thrust bearing according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a female ring for fixing the relative position of the rings of the outer race.

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