RU151396U1 - DEVICE FOR FILLING FUEL COLLECTORS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for filling the fuel manifolds of the combustion chambers of a gas turbine engine, including a pump unit, having the possibility of its input connecting to the fuel tank, and output through the main fuel line through a distributor with fuel dispensers into the manifolds of the combustion chamber, characterized in that the device is equipped with a fuel tank , the first and second shut-off valves, the first of which is connected to the output of the tank and the output is connected to the main fuel line of the fuel supply to the manifold, and the second connected with the input of the tank and connected to the output of the pump unit, while the system is additionally equipped with a synchronizer controlled from the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the distributor, and the second and third to the controlled inputs of the first and second shut-off valves, respectively. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fuel level sensor in the tank, the output of which is connected to the controlled input of the second shut-off valve.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of aircraft engine manufacturing and can be used in fuel supply systems of gas turbine engines (GTE) for supplying fuel to the manifolds of the main and / or afterburner of the GTE combustion chamber.

A study of the prior art showed that the existing devices for supplying fuel to the main and afterburner combustion chambers of a gas turbine engine do not always take into account the influence of the process of filling the fuel collectors on the regulation of engine thrust during throttle response. This leads to a stepwise change in the effective fuel consumption and, accordingly, to a stepwise change in the engine thrust during the throttle response. A stepwise change in the effective fuel consumption can lead to an undersupply of engine thrust at the right time. This reduces the reliability of the engines and the safety of their operation, and also increases the response time by the time of filling the fuel collector (1-3 sec.), Which is very important for controlling the operation of the gas turbine engine.

A device is known for controlling the supply of fuel to the manifolds of the afterburner of a gas turbine combustion engine, which contains a series-connected block of sensors for engine and air parameters at the engine inlet, an electronic regulator of engine operation modes, and a block of electrohydraulic converters. Afterburner fuel dispensers are connected to the output of the electro-hydraulic converters block, one for each afterburner fuel manifold, each dispenser is connected to its afterburner fuel manifold through its shutoff valve. Shutoff valves are controlled by an electronic controller.

In the process of operation of the device according to the temperature measured at the engine inlet air temperature, the air pressure behind the engine compressor, the gas pressure behind the engine turbine, the position of the engine control lever and the fuel consumption in the main combustion chamber, the electronic controller of the main combustion chamber generates a preset flow rate fuel supplied to the manifolds and. after filling them - in the afterburner.

Depending on the magnitude of the prescribed boost fuel consumption, the electronic controller generates control actions that enter the electrohydroconverter, where they are converted into hydraulic control actions on the dispensers.

Starting the afterburner and bringing the engine to the minimum afterburner mode is ensured by the first dispenser and the first (starting) collector. When moving the engine control lever to the “minimum boost” platform, the electronic controller provides:

- Calculation of the prescribed boost fuel consumption for the “minimum boost” mode;

- transfer of the first dispenser to a position corresponding to a predetermined consumption of afterburning fuel;

- opening the first shutoff valve;

- inclusion of the unit "firing track".

After starting the afterburner and the engine enters the “minimum afterburner” mode, the electronic controller generates a signal to the pilot, “Afterburner is on”.

When the pilot transfers the engine control lever to the "maximum boost" position, the electronic controller provides:

- Calculation of a given fuel consumption of afterburning fuel for the "maximum boost" mode

- distribution of a predetermined afterburner fuel consumption between the batchers depending on the throughput of the afterburner fuel collector corresponding to the batcher;

- alternate inclusion in the work of the remaining dispensers.

In this case, when the second dispenser is turned on, the electronic controller provides:

- transfer of the second dispenser to a position corresponding to the afterburner fuel consumption set for it;

- calculation of the time of filling the second collector with fuel (the volumes of the collectors are stored in the memory of the electronic controller);

- opening of the second shutoff valve;

- transfer of the first dispenser while filling the second collector to a position corresponding to the afterburner fuel consumption set for it, increased by an amount corresponding to the volume of the second collector.

The translation is carried out evenly so that by the end of the filling time the flow will increase by the value of the collector volume.

At the moment of completion of filling the second collector by the command of the electronic regulator, the first dispenser returns to the position corresponding to the afterburning fuel consumption set for it in the shortest possible time.

The inclusion of the remaining dispensers is carried out similarly. (see RF patent No. 2438031, CL F02C 9/28, 2011).

As a result of the analysis of the known solution, it should be noted that with such filling of the fuel collectors, a smooth change in the effective fuel consumption and, accordingly, a smooth change in the engine thrust during the pick-up process are ensured. However, the process of filling up the collectors takes a certain amount of time, by which the pick-up time increases.

A known device for controlling fuel consumption at the start of a gas turbine engine, comprising a series-connected sensor block of engine and air parameters at the engine inlet, an electronic regulator of engine operation modes, a block of electro-hydraulic converters, a fuel meter with a position sensor for the metering element. The output of the fuel metering device is connected to the first and second fuel collectors of the combustion chamber, and it is connected directly to the first fuel collector, and to the second through a switch controlled by an electronic controller. The first output of the switch is connected directly to the second collector of the combustion chamber, and its second output is connected to the second collector of the combustion chamber via a hydraulic resistance.

In the process of operation of the device according to the parameters measured using the sensor unit, the electronic controller generates, according to a predetermined dependence, the required fuel consumption in the engine combustion chamber.

Depending on the required fuel consumption, the electronic regulator, using the flow characteristic of the first dispenser, which is stored in the non-volatile memory of the electronic regulator during the engine acceptance tests, determines the preset position of the dispenser, compares it with the actual position of the dispenser, and controls the fuel consumption by changing Using an electrohydroconverter, the position of the dispenser. Metered fuel is supplied to the first collector of the combustion chamber, filling it.

Additionally, during the start-up of the gas turbine engine, the electronic speed controller measured using the sensor block compares the rotor speed of the engine rotor with the predetermined speed setting of the "small gas", which is stored in the non-volatile memory of the electronic controller during the engine acceptance tests.

When the engine speed reaches the “small gas” setting, the electronic controller blocks a further increase in the set engine rotor speed by the predetermined time required for the engine to warm up.

At the command of the electronic regulator, using a switch, a second collector is connected to the dosed fuel supply path behind the dispenser via a hydraulic resistance. The resistance value is chosen equal to the spill 15-20% of the total hydraulic resistance of the nozzles of the first collector.

After the engine warm-up time has elapsed, by command of the electronic regulator, a second collector is connected via a switch to the dosed fuel supply path directly behind the metering unit. At the same time, the electronic regulator removes the lock of the set rotational speed of the engine rotor, providing the possibility of transferring the gas turbine engine to operating modes (nominal, take-off, etc.) (see RF patent No. 2435973, class F02C 9/26, 2011) - the closest analogue.

As a result of the analysis of the known device, it should be noted that its disadvantage is that during the supply of additional fuel through the hydraulic resistance and engine warming up, the engine mode does not change, and when the fuel is supplied, it can be dusted into the combustion chamber, besides, the starting manifold is not pre-filled, which increases the response time.

The technical result of this utility model is to increase the operating speed of the device by reducing the time it takes to fill the fuel manifold included in the operation, as well as providing a smooth change in engine thrust at throttle response.

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in the device for filling the fuel collectors of the combustion chambers of the gas turbine engine, which includes a pump unit, which is able to connect to the fuel tank through its input and through the main fuel line through the distributor, with fuel dispensers into the combustion chamber manifolds, new is that the device is equipped with a fuel tank, the first and second shut-off valves, the first of which is connected to the output of the tank and the output is connected to the main one fuel supply manifold to the manifold, and the second output is connected to the input of the tank and connected to the output of the pump unit, while the system is additionally equipped with a synchronizer controlled from the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the distributor, and the second and third to the controlled inputs of the first and second shutoff valves. The device can be equipped with a fuel level sensor in the tank, the output of which is connected to the controlled input of the second shut-off valve.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by graphic materials on which the device diagram is presented. The diagram shows one combustion chamber and two collectors. Naturally, the number of combustion chambers, as well as their collectors, may be different. This does not change the essence of the declared decision.

On graphical materials, position 1 denotes a gas turbine engine combustion chamber, positions 2 and 3 are fuel manifolds through which nozzles 4 supply fuel to combustion chamber 1. The fuel collector filling device also includes a pump unit 5 connected by the main fuel line to the fuel tank 6. Exit the pump unit through the main fuel line through the fuel distributor 7 is connected to the dispensers 8 and 9, which dispense fuel into the collectors 2 and 3, respectively.

The device includes a fuel tank 10, the output of which is connected to the fuel input of the first controllable shut-off valve 11, the fuel output of which is connected to the main fuel supply line of fuel from the dispenser 8 to the fuel manifold 2.

Position 12 denotes a GTE operation control unit, which includes an automatic operation control system and a manual GTE operation control panel located in the cockpit. The control unit 12 is connected to the pump unit 5, the distributor 7 and to the synchronizer 13, the first output of which is connected to the distributor 7, the second to the controlled input of the first shut-off valve 11, and the third to the controlled input of the second controlled shut-off valve 14.

The input of the fuel tank 10 is connected to the fuel output of the second shut-off valve 14, the fuel input of which is connected to the output of the pump unit 5.

Filling the tank 10 with fuel to a predetermined level can be carried out in various known ways, for example, according to the filling time, which is set by the synchronizer 13 or by using the fuel level sensor 15 in the tank 10, which is connected to the controlled input of the shut-off valve 14.

All structural elements of the device are standard and are used for their intended purpose.

As a distributor 7, a standard electronic or electromechanical distributor can be used. As fuel dispensers, dispensers with an adjustable flow area are used. As shut-off valves, standard valves with controlled shut-off element are used.

As a synchronizer, a standard controlled two-position time relay can be used.

The claimed device operates as follows.

During the operation of the gas turbine engine in one of the modes, for example, “small gas”, fuel is pumped from the tank 6 through the distributor 7 to the dispenser 9 through the distributor 7, through it into the manifold 3 and through the nozzles 4 of this collector, it is dosed into the combustion chamber 1 for the operation of the gas turbine on this mode. The collector 2 is not involved in the operation, that is, the distributor 7, upon a command from block 12, turned off the fuel supply to the dispenser 8. The shut-off valves 10 and 14 are closed, the tank 10 is not filled with fuel.

Before switching to another more intensive operation mode of the gas turbine engine, which provides for the inclusion of another collector (according to collector 2), a command from the control unit 12 activates a synchronizer 13 set for a certain time interval equal to the time the collector 2 was put into operation from the moment the signal from block 12 to the synchronizer 13. From the included synchronizer are followed by commands to block the distributor 7 in order to exclude the supply of fuel to the previously unfilled manifold 2 through the dispenser 8, and to the controlled in the stroke of the shut-off valve 14 to open its bore, as a result of which the fuel from the output of the pump unit 5 enters the tank 10, filling it, the shut-off valve 11 is closed.

When reaching the specified level (fuel quantity) in the tank 10, a signal to the shut-off valve 14, which cuts off the fuel supply to the tank 10, follows from the sensor 15 (if there is one) or from the synchronizer 13 (if there is no sensor mentioned above). 10 should be such that it is enough to fill almost completely the collector 2 and the fuel line from the dispenser 8 to the collector 2. Such a calculation is not difficult for specialists.

After the time for which the synchronizer 13 is configured, a command is issued from it to open the passage section of the shut-off valve 11. By supplying fuel to the main fuel line and filling the manifold 2 with fuel. After that, at the command of the synchronizer 13, the shut-off valve 11 is closed and a command is given to the distributor 7 to remove the lock from it. Next, the distributor 7, on command from block 12, connects the dispenser 8 to the main fuel line, opening the fuel supply to the manifold 2.

From the dispenser 8, the fuel is supplied to the already filled manifold 2 and almost immediately goes to the nozzles 4 for its supply to the combustion chamber. Other collectors can be filled in a similar way, the switching sequence of which is set by the control system 12.

To create pressure in the tank 10, when the fuel is supplied to the manifold 2, it can be equipped with a pump or membrane (not shown).

Thus, when you turn on a more intensive mode of operation of the gas turbine engine, which requires the connection of an additional manifold, no time is wasted filling the fuel manifold 2 put into operation, which significantly reduces the injectivity time.

The device can work to fill almost all fuel collectors of both the main and afterburner combustion chambers.

It is also very important that the connection and filling of the collectors does not affect the dynamic properties of the engine, providing a reduction in the throttle response and a smooth change in engine thrust.

Claims (2)

1. A device for filling the fuel manifolds of the combustion chambers of a gas turbine engine, including a pump unit, having the possibility of its input connecting to the fuel tank, and output through the main fuel line through a distributor with fuel dispensers into the manifolds of the combustion chamber, characterized in that the device is equipped with a fuel tank , the first and second shut-off valves, the first of which is connected to the output of the tank and the output is connected to the main fuel line of the fuel supply to the manifold, and the second connected with the input of the tank and connected to the output of the pumping unit, while the system is additionally equipped with a synchronizer controlled from the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the distributor, and the second and third to the controlled inputs of the first and second shut-off valves, respectively. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fuel level sensor in the tank, the output of which is connected to the controlled input of the second shut-off valve.

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