RU150418U1 - X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE OF THE X-RAY CONTROLLED COMPLEX FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An X-ray diagnostic device for an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research, comprising an X-ray source located on the same optical axis, an X-ray receiving device including a dynamic flat-panel digital X-ray detector, an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, and an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, and a tripod table the fact that the x-ray receiving device further comprises a static flat panel digital det X-ray radiation detector and is configured to alternately introduce dynamic and static flat panel digital detectors into the x-ray image formation zone. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the static flat panel digital x-ray detector is based on a matrix of TFT transistors, and the dynamic one is based on a CMOS matrix.

Description

X-ray diagnostic device of an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research.

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to devices for carrying out X-ray diagnostics and can be used to create X-ray machines that allow research, both in the radiography mode and in the fluoroscopy mode.

Known x-ray diagnostic device of an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research (US patent No. 7170974, publ. 05.08.2005), which contains an x-ray source and two flat-panel detectors for forming an x-ray image. As the first receiver, a full-format detector was used to obtain an overview x-ray image of the studied area. The second detector is mechanically connected to the first detector, can be installed in the area of the x-ray image formation and has several times smaller working field than the first detector. The second detector is used to obtain an X-ray image of the subregion with a higher resolution than the image obtained by the first detector, for the study of small details (portions of vessels, shunts) in the zone of interest. The second detector may be brought out of the x-ray imaging zone and set to the parking position. The described X-ray complex does not allow obtaining full-length X-ray images both in the fluoroscopy mode and in the X-ray diffraction mode with optimal values of the quantum efficiency of the Ke detector and the transmission function of the MTF modulation.

The known X-ray diagnostic device of the X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research KRT - "Electron", which was developed at ZAO "NIPK" Electron "(See the invisible - collection of scientific papers / edited by A. I. Mazurov - St. Petersburg: LLC" Book home ", 2008. - 352 pp. ISBN 978-5-94777-167-1, pp. 313 - 317), containing a remote-controlled table-tripod, X-ray feeding device, X-ray emitter, X-ray image intensifier (hereinafter referred to as URI) . The URI includes an X-ray electron-optical converter (REOP), in which CCDs are used as image-to-video converters — a matrix made on charge-coupled devices (hereinafter referred to as CCDs). the X-ray diagnostic device of the KRT - "Electron" complex provides the following functionalities: fluoroscopy, digital targeted radiography and film radiography. KRT - "Electron" does not provide the ability to conduct all types of x-ray studies due to the small working field of the REOP. A number of studies, such as the chest, require images of at least 400 × 400 mm in size, therefore radiography is performed mainly on film with a maximum size of 400 × 400 mm.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the X-ray diagnostic device of the X-ray telecontrolled complex for medical research "TeleKoRD-MT" of the company ZAO Medical Technologies Ltd., (email address of the website http://www.mtl.ru/products/roentgenology/telekord -mt / dig-ek).

This X-ray diagnostic device contains a telecontrol table stand, an X-ray source and an X-ray receiving device located on one optical axis and containing two rasters (one for conducting research in X-ray modes and the other in digital X-ray mode) and one flat-panel full-format digital detector for generating an x-ray image with wide dynamic range (hereinafter referred to as “dynamic detector”, forming a digital x-ray image.

The X-ray diagnostic device operates as part of an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research, which contains a control system containing an image acquisition and processing system and a radiologist workstation. The complex management system ensures the operation of TeleKoRD-MT both in the fluoroscopy mode and in the radiography mode. This possibility is achieved through the use of a dynamic detector with a working field size of 430 × 430 mm. In this case, one of the two rasters is automatically selected for the mentioned research modes. "TeleKoRD-MT" allows you to perform digital fluoroscopic and radiographic studies on a single dynamic detector. However, at present, the industry does not produce detectors that could provide optimal characteristics: the quantum efficiency of Ke detection and the transmission function of the MTF modulation, both in the fluoroscopy mode and in the radiography mode, and, therefore, high image quality in these modes is not provided .

The objective of the proposed solution is to create an x-ray diagnostic device that provides the following technical result.

The technical result in the claimed solution is to improve image quality by ensuring optimal characteristics associated with image quality: quantum detection efficiency of Ke and transmission function of the MTF modulation, minimizing the dose of patient exposure to x-ray radiation.

The technical result in an X-ray diagnostic device of an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research for medical research, comprising an X-ray source located on the same optical axis, an X-ray receiving device including a dynamic flat-panel digital X-ray detector, an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, and an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, a telecontrol table tripod, characterized in that the X-ray receiving device further comprises a static digital flat panel X-ray detector and configured to alternately introduce the dynamic and static flat panel digital detector to a zone of formation of X-ray image.

As a static flat panel digital X-ray detector, a detector based on the TFT technology “thin film transistors” - the technology of “thin-film transistors” (hereinafter - based on the matrix of TFT transistors) can be used as a dynamic X-ray detector, in the preferred embodiment, and as a dynamic X-ray detector of radiation in a preferred embodiment, a detector based on sensors made using the technology of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor structures can be used (hereinafter - based on a CMOS matrix).

A general view of the structural diagram of a complex of X-ray telecontrolled, then MCT, is shown in Fig., Which shows:

1 - remote-controlled table tripod;

1.1 - control unit table tripod;

2 - x-ray power device;

3 - source of x-ray radiation;

4 - static flat panel digital x-ray detector;

5 - dynamic flat panel digital x-ray detector;

6 is an x-ray raster optically coupled to a dynamic detector;

7 is an x-ray raster optically coupled to a static detector;

8 - semiconductor ionization chamber;

9 - control unit x-ray power device;

10 - remote control table tripod;

11 - the control panel of the automated workstation (AWP) of the radiologist, combined with the control panel of the x-ray power device;

12 - the system unit of the workplace of the radiologist;

13 - medical monitor;

14 - pedal block (for selecting the mode of fluoroscopy or radiography).

In known x-ray diagnostic devices, the fluoroscopy mode is used to conduct such types of studies as studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract (hereinafter referred to as the gastrointestinal tract), the lower gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and biliary tract. The fluoroscopy mode is used to control the process of filling with a contrast agent of the studied area. To fix the pathology at a selected moment of filling, take a picture on the film. In known x-ray diagnostic devices use the following cartridge sizes:

- for the study of the upper gastrointestinal tract - 240 × 300 mm;

- for the study of the lower sections of the gastrointestinal tract - 240 × 300 mm or 350 × 350 mm;

- for the study of the biliary tract - 240 × 300 mm;

- for the study of urinary tract - 350 × 350 mm or 300 × 400 mm.

Thus, in most cases, for carrying out contrast studies in X-ray diagnostic devices, it is sufficient to have a flat-panel digital X-ray radiation detector with a working field of 300 × 350 mm.

Both static and dynamic digital full-length x-ray detectors are known. Both of them can be built on the principle of indirect conversion of x-ray radiation. As a static flat panel digital detector, for example, a detector based on a matrix of TFT transistors is used, in which an active matrix controlled by thin-film TFT transistors is used as a photosensor.

Static flat panel digital X-ray detectors are designed to operate only in the radiography mode (obtaining single images), while dynamic flat panel digital X-ray detectors can work both in the radiography and fluoroscopy modes. However, the quality of static X-ray detectors in X-ray mode is higher than the quality of dynamic X-ray detectors. This is explained by the fact that in order to achieve optimal values of the quantum efficiency of the detector (hereinafter referred to as Ke) in the fluoroscopy mode, manufacturers are forced to increase the thickness of the scintillation screen in comparison with the thickness of the scintillation screen used in static detectors, as well as increase the pixel size. Both described measures lead to a decrease in MTF at high frequencies, while the values of Ke at low doses (1-2 μR / frame) remains insufficient.

Indirect conversion X-ray detectors based on sensors made using the technology of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor structures (based on a CMOS matrix) have higher Ca values at low doses compared to X-ray detectors based on a matrix of TFT transistors . This is due to a lower level of noise. However, X-ray detectors based on a CMOS matrix are limited by the physical dimensions of the substrate on which they can be made, which does not allow the use of a CMOS matrix in full-format X-ray detectors.

The claimed technical result with respect to the closest known solution in the present utility model is achieved due to the following circumstances.

The use of the claimed complex of two X-ray detectors, a static detector based on a matrix of TFT transistors with a working field size of 430 × 430 mm for full-size images, and a dynamic one based on a CMOS matrix with a working field size of 280 × 350 mm or 230 × 280 mm, allows you to get the optimal characteristics of Ke and MTF in all modes used.

X-ray diagnostic device in MCT operates as follows. When performing diagnostic manipulations, the operator, using control panels 10 and 11, prepares the equipment for the upcoming scheduled procedure. The preparation consists in installing the required shooting modes (current, voltage, time) on the X-ray feeding device 2, bringing the remote control table-tripod 1 to the required position (angle of the deck and the column of the remote control table-tripod, focal length). Depending on the set focal length, the remote control table-tripod 1 automatically selects the used raster 6 or 7. Then the operator positions the patient on the deck of the remote control table-tripod 1 in the projection, the emitter 3 is detector 4, 5. After that, the operator performs an x-ray or fluoroscopy. The choice is made by pressing the appropriate pedal (copy, graph) on the pedal block 14. In this case, the control unit of the generator 9 generates the necessary control signals to the x-ray supply device 2 for generation by the emitter 3 of x-ray radiation. Also, the control unit of the generator 9, depending on the selected radiation mode (radiography or fluoroscopy) generates a command to the remote control table-tripod 1 to select the appropriate detector.

When the operator activates the X-ray mode in the telecontrolled tripod table 1, the detector 4, intended for conducting studies in statics, will be removed from the parking position and introduced into the projection of the x-ray beam, while the detector 5 for studies in dynamics will be parked. And, on the contrary, when the operator activates the fluoroscopy mode in a telecontrolled tripod table 1, detector 4, designed for static research, will occupy the position corresponding to the parking position, and detector 5 for dynamic research will be displayed in the projection of the x-ray beam, i.e. own working position corresponding to this mode. The ionization chamber 8 is used to control the exposure time in the radiography mode.

As a result of exposure to x-rays passing through the patient’s body on detectors 4 or 5, the latter register a shadow x-ray image, which is visualized on a medical monitor 13.

In one embodiment of the inventive x-ray diagnostic device, equipment was used that has the following characteristics - tables 1-9.

The test results of the X-ray diagnostic device showed the possibility of obtaining full-format digital X-ray images while improving image quality, both in the X-ray mode and in the X-ray mode, as well as reducing the dose of the patient's x-ray radiation.

Claims (2)

1. An X-ray diagnostic device for an X-ray telecontrol complex for medical research, comprising an X-ray source located on the same optical axis, an X-ray receiving device including a dynamic flat-panel digital X-ray detector, an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, and an X-ray raster for the X-ray mode, and a tripod table the fact that the x-ray receiving device further comprises a static flat panel digital det an x-ray radiation projector and is configured to alternately introduce dynamic and static flat-panel digital detectors into the x-ray image formation zone. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the static flat panel digital x-ray detector is based on a matrix of TFT transistors, and the dynamic one is based on a CMOS matrix.

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