RU149593U1 - EXPERT SYSTEM OF COMPLEX ANALYSIS OF PERSONALITY (ESCAL) - Google Patents

Abstract

An expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), comprising an information input unit equipped with questionnaire tests, an information processing unit connected to an information input unit, configured to perform primary information processing, and an information output device connected to the information processing unit, characterized in that in addition, a block of expert assessments was introduced, containing a knowledge base with expert assessments of various aspects of the vital activity of the object of study, and a comparative assessment operator and, associated with the unit of expert evaluations, with the information processing unit, with the information output device and configured to compare the results obtained from the information processing unit with the data obtained from the expert evaluation unit.

Description

This useful model relates to medical equipment used to automate the process of determining the psychophysiological state of a person in one or another of his life situations, depending on his physical condition, arising from the implementation of one or another type of activity, namely, devices that allow for effective career guidance, professional selection, as well as accompaniment, depending on the predominant type of personality and regardless of the cultural and value specifics of the population and the language of communication. The use of this device allows the user to automatically receive recommendations on maintaining and prolonging the health of professionals or predicting their complications if the optimal type of activity is unsuccessful, depending on the type of person, its qualities and properties. That is, the use of the claimed utility model allows, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the personality, to increase the efficiency of human activity, namely, to ensure the effectiveness of human activity, when there is a maximum effectiveness of a person with minimal internal costs (for example, mental, physical, psychophysiological, etc.) arising from implementation activities. It is well known that it is possible to increase the effectiveness of human activities through the use of a profession-specific description of activity (determination of professionally important qualities - PVC) by comparing the qualities and characteristics of a person with professionally important qualities (PVC). Thus, the more PVCs coincide with the qualities and characteristics of a person, the higher the efficiency of human activity. To find this coincidence, as well as to determine the PVC, is currently extremely difficult. The proposed device is aimed at solving these problems and relates to automated means for determining the psychophysiological state of a healthy person and its suitability, depending on the type of person, for a particular type of activity both now and in the future (forecast).

A patent is known for a utility model “DEVICE FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS” (RF 77149, IPC АВВ 5/16, published on October 20, 2008). It contains a series-connected block of sensors and electrodes, a multichannel amplifier of bioelectric signals, a multichannel analog-to-digital converter and a personal computer, as well as a microcontroller, the input-output port of which is connected to a personal computer, the latter is connected to an operator’s video monitor (specially trained to work with this equipment specialist), and the control output of the microcontroller is connected to the inputs of a multi-channel amplifier of bioelectric signals and multi-channel analog- The digital converter. Additionally, this device contains a touch-screen tablet monitor connected to a personal computer. The touch monitor-tablet contains a pointer and the cord “touch monitor-tablet” - “computer”. In the particular case, the personal computer is structurally combined with a touch-screen monitor-tablet, in which the subject's finger can be used as an indicator. The personal computer contains a video monitor of the operator. In this case, the device may contain two or more personal computers connected to a network with connected touch-screen monitors-tablets. Thus, the known device is a description of a device for medical and biological purposes, measuring, in particular, pulse, pressure, blood sugar, etc. This device is intended for conducting experimental studies using psychological analysis based on projective methods and the results of tests of questionnaires of a neutral, control, and verification nature, as well as for psychophysiological analysis carried out by a specially trained expert operator with preliminary and subsequent synchronous registration of physiological signals when detected human specific causes of suffering and physiological disorders from a large number of alleged x pathogenic factors, psychophysiological characteristics associated with the implementation of various activities, as well as possibly hidden information during the selection and verification of hired or working personnel, or during the investigation of offenses.

In essence, this device is a prototype of the expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), but requiring the direct participation and presence of at least one highly professional or well-trained expert operator for its work. This known device, in general, contains an information input unit equipped with questionnaire tests, an information processing unit that performs primary processing of data (results) connected to an information input unit, and the latter is connected to an information output device that provides primary processed data to an expert operator to make a decision.

An analysis of this system shows that it allows it to be processed appropriately by collecting information (recording physical indicators for the applied questionnaire tests) and then displaying the received data on the screen for analysis by a specially trained expert operator who is able to link the physical data taken from the subject as a result of the survey parameters with parameters by which the expert makes a decision. Therefore, it is not possible to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of human activity, because only the reactions of the person under investigation to various negative (pathological, illegal, etc.) events are evaluated, and the degree of compliance of professionally important qualities (PAC) of activity and personality qualities is not evaluated. Moreover, with its help it is possible to determine only the fact of the connection of the object of study (study) with emotionally significant pathogenic factors (offenses), but it is not possible to predict further events, even by specially trained operator-expert. This is due to the fact that the object of research (study) is a person who wished to undergo an examination and who has already encountered pathogenic factors affecting him, or committed an offense. Thus, if this device does not allow to reveal the mentioned facts or if these facts did not exist in a person’s life, then this system can not only predict the effectiveness of a person’s activity (object of study), but also will not allow a specially trained expert to give an opinion correctly, i.e. e. the results of physical or biomedical measurements will correspond to the results of a healthy person or a person who has not been identified any links with pathogenic (negative, illegal) factors. The reason is that the system, by virtue of its constructive construction, does not contain data and knowledge of expert assessments that reflect the many years of experience of various experts related to a particular human activity and his health. The system is built only on the collection of information about the biomedical state, i.e. the physical state of the client before and at the present time and gives out physical parameters in one form or another to the screen, according to which a specially trained expert, often of narrow purpose, draws a conclusion. This is due to both the lack of an appropriate knowledge base with expert evaluations, and the corresponding unit that performs the function of an operator for comparative evaluation of results. In addition, there is a low degree of performance evaluation due to the functional limitations of the component blocks of the device. This is due to the fact that the information output device, in this system, the monitor, displays narrowly specific information that is understandable only to specially trained and highly specialized experts. In addition, the expert (individual) is guided by the semantic content of the information and analyzes the measurement data displayed on the monitor and received by the sensor unit, i.e. a complex of physical reactions of the organism of the object of study to the presented stimulus (description of pathogenic factors) presented to the information input device.

This well-known technical solution is selected as a prototype, as it has the largest number of essential features that match the essential features of the claimed utility model.

However, the prototype has significant drawbacks, namely: a low degree of automation of the analysis process and low reliability of the results. This is due to the fact that in order to evaluate the results, it is necessary to involve a highly specialized expert (individual) and the reliability of the assessment is determined by the qualifications of this expert.

The objective of this utility model is to create a new expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), which eliminates the disadvantages of the prototype and at the same time ensures the achievement of the following technical results: improving the automation of the analysis process while increasing the reliability of the results.

In addition, the inventive device allows you to determine the level of internal stress that occurs or is predicted when a person performs an activity by comparing the qualities and characteristics of a person with professionally important qualities (PVC) of an activity; expand the functionality of the system; increase universality of application; significantly reduce testing time.

The problem is solved as follows. In the well-known expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), containing an information input unit equipped with questionnaire tests, an information processing unit connected to an information input unit, configured to perform primary information processing, and an information output device connected to the information processing unit, according to this utility model, in addition, a block of expert assessments was introduced, containing a knowledge base with expert assessments of various aspects of the life of the object of study, and Rathore comparative evaluation unit associated with the peer review with the information processing unit, with the information output apparatus and configured to perform a comparison of results obtained from the information processing unit, with data obtained from the block expert evaluations.

Such a new technical solution, with all its essential features, makes it possible to form an expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), which has universal application both taking into account the cultural and value characteristics of the person being studied, his communication language, and without taking these factors into account, and allows to increase automation the analysis process and at the same time increase the reliability of the results by introducing a block of expert assessments containing a knowledge base with expert evaluations of various aspects of the life of the object of study, and the operator of the comparative assessment associated with the unit of expert estimates, with the information processing unit, with the information output device and configured to compare the results obtained from the information processing unit with the data obtained from the expert evaluation unit. Thus, automation is achieved by completely eliminating the need to attract an expert to analyze the results, therefore this system can be used both directly in working with the respondent and remotely (remote testing or conducting a survey, presenting the result, etc. ) work with him. In addition, the result obtained is automatically displayed for the respondent to the information output device in an adapted form. At the same time, the risk associated with the presence of the human factor (the qualifications of the involved expert) is significantly reduced, since the functions of the expert as a specialist are performed by a block of expert assessments interacting with each other, containing a knowledge base of expert assessments and a comparative assessment operator.

In addition, an assessment is made of the qualities and characteristics of a person and a comparison of professionally important qualities (PVC) of an activity with the qualities and characteristics of a person, which is due to the introduction of a knowledge base and a comparative evaluation operator; expanding the functionality of the system by predicting human performance in various fields of activity based on a comparison of the activity of the personal activity and personality traits, this is due to the presence of a knowledge base with expert assessments that contains information collected in advance and specially processed about various and broadest aspects of human life; increasing the universality of the application due to the use in the unit of expert assessments of the knowledge base of expert assessments that reveal the types of activities and tasks and / or the functionality of these types of activities, which makes it possible to determine the individual style of an individual’s activity and the level of internal stress (physiological value) due to the presence of a comparative assessment operator a certain type of activity; Significant reduction of testing time due to the availability of a ready-made knowledge base in the unit of expert assessments and the comparative assessment operator, made with the possibility of comparing the test results with expert evaluations and automatically displaying them in real time using an information output device, for example, a conclusion on human performance ( object of research) in various fields of activity with the necessary explanations (comments, recommendations).

The technical nature and practical applicability of the utility model is illustrated by the following description and drawings.

In FIG. The ESCAL block diagram is presented.

ESCAL contains an information input unit 1 equipped with questionnaire tests 2, an expert assessment unit 3 containing a knowledge base 4 with expert assessments, an information processing unit 5, a comparative evaluation operator 6 associated with it, and an information output device 7 connected to the information processing unit 6 and the operator 8 of the comparative assessment.

The information processing unit 5 is connected with the information input unit 1 and is configured to perform primary information processing.

The comparative evaluation operator 6 is an electronic computing device configured to compare the results obtained from the information processing unit 5 with the data obtained from the expert evaluation unit 3.

Block 3 of expert assessments contains a knowledge base 4 with expert assessments of various aspects of the vital activity of the object of study, for example, types of 8 activities, tasks of 9 activities, functions of 10 activities, procedures and operations 11 of the quality management system and other aspects of 12 human life. Knowledge Base 4 is a specially pre-filled electronic information repository in the form of a knowledge base with expert assessments.

The information input unit 1 may be further equipped with an information input device, for example, a keyboard (not shown in the drawing).

Tests-questionnaires 2 are psychophysiological test items containing various psychophysiological stimulus material, each of which individually corresponds to a basic personality type. So to determine the predominant personality type, for example, a block of well-known methods can be used, for example, one of which is an “S-test” (http://psylist.net/praktikum/00157.htm) and / or, for example, another well-known Methodology “Establishing patterns” (http://psylist.net/praktikum/ustzak.htm). The use of psychophysiological tests in the proposed ESKAL model allows the determination of the predominant personality type, regardless of the cultural, need-specific characteristics and language of the respondent. This is due to the fact that the stimulus material does not carry a verbal semantic load, and during the testing process the speed and accuracy of reactions are evaluated. All tests-questionnaires 2 contain groups of statements that are formed and reflected in them according to the principle of combining opposing psychological and psychophysiological qualities that describe the external manifestation of possible personality behavior.

So, in the case of determining the predominant personality type, the following version of the questionnaire can be used. The respondent is provided with a group of statements for ranking from maximum to minimum corresponding to him.

The information processing unit 5 is intended for receiving and processing primary data for the execution of test-questionnaires 2 presented to a person. The results of the responses are transmitted to the information input unit 1, and then to the information processing unit 5.

Moreover, the processing of primary results is carried out according to traditional technologies. Depending on the goals of personality assessment, a knowledge base of 4 with expert ratings is used. In this case, the information processing unit 5 processes the obtained primary data taking into account expert estimates.

The information output device 7 can be made in the form of, for example, a monitor.

The information output device 7, based on the data of the comparative assessment operator 6, displays the preferred personality type and / or necessary data according to the results of testing and forecasting and builds a graph reflecting the result in the form of a vector representing the preferred personality type in the coordinate system characterizing the preferred personality types. The information output device 7 can also display the result in the form of a textual interpretation: the primary type of personality, the level of physiological value of the activity, the individual style of activity, etc.

Using the proposed ESCAL, the following method for assessing the predominant personality type can be implemented, for example, “The method for assessing the predominant personality type (Options)” (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2473308, publ. 01.27.2013). A known method for assessing the predominant personality type (options) involves the use of a psychophysiological questionnaire or a set of test tasks and the subsequent evaluation of the results obtained from them, and when applying the questionnaire, the results are evaluated after they are compared with the estimates found in the pre-formed database of expert evaluations that reveal types of activities and tasks and / or functionality of these types of activities, and determine the physiological value of the activity, the performance of tasks and / or the functional of the activity, and when applying the set of test tasks, they perform a general assessment of the results of the complex of psychophysiological sets of test tasks by comparing them with the estimates in the pre-formed database of expert assessments that reveal the types of activities and tasks and / or functionality of these types of activities, and determine the physiological value of the activity, the performance of tasks and / or the functionality of the activity.

This allows you to determine the predominant type of human behavior, to establish the level of internal stress (physiological cost of activity) that a person has when performing tasks and in the conditions of activity, which makes it possible to efficiently select personnel, rotate personnel, form a personnel reserve, and prevent the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders and diseases , as well as early "professional burnout." It should be noted that in the prototype, in principle, there is no way to implement this method.

The proposed utility model works as follows.

At the beginning, during the survey, which is conducted for a limited time, the individual (respondent) answers a specific test questionnaire with a time limit for answers with a simultaneous ranking of statements in each group of statements of the questionnaire. These statements were previously formed on the principle of combining opposing psychological and psychophysiological qualities that reflect the external manifestation of personality behavior, which allows to increase the reliability of the survey results, as time limits reduce the respondent’s control over answers, and the ranking procedure loads the respondent’s attention to the maximum and minimum statements that correspond to him.

After passing the survey procedure, the number of answers matches on scales is calculated, which is, in fact, the key to the test questionnaire for the main types of human behavior, and the corresponding vectors for graphically reflecting the results. Further, these points are translated into normalized grades (walls). This procedure is standard and requires no explanation.

Then, with the help of the comparative assessment operator, a comparison is made with the assessments of experts, for example, stored in a knowledge base with expert assessments. These ratings reveal the activities and tasks and / or functionality of these activities. Based on the comparison results, the physiological cost of the activity, the fulfillment of tasks and / or the functional of the activity is determined.

To explain the results obtained and their interpretation, a graph is constructed that displays the vectors of the predominant types of behavior.

Examples of the use of ESCAL are presented below.

Example 1. Obtaining the results of personality assessment, for example, using a test questionnaire 2.

Respondent A responded to test questionnaire 2.

According to the results of the survey, the following “raw” values were obtained:

5 by coordinating type (VI);

16 stimulating type (V2);

2 Promotional Type (V3);

1 by control type (V4).

In block 5 of the information processing received the following results:

4 by coordinating type;

6 on the stimulating type;

3 by promotion type;

2 by control type.

Then, on the device 7 for outputting information of a personality type, the following graphic image was obtained with a vector whose initial coordinates coincide with the origin of the XY axes, and the direction corresponds to the following values: along the X axis = 3.5 and along the Y axis = 2.1; with an angle α = 31 degrees.

The textual description was presented, for example, as follows: "The predominant type of personality behavior - Stimulating type." If necessary, a more detailed interpretation of the predominant personality behavior can be provided.

Example 2. Evaluation of an individual style of activity.

Respondent A with the results obtained by the information processing unit 5 (example 1):

4 by coordinating type;

6 on the stimulating type;

3 by promotion type;

2 by control type.

For example, a set of typical qualities or tasks obtained earlier and stored in a database of 4 knowledge with expert estimates:

Indicators Coordinating Stimulating Promotional Controlling Active listening 90 80 60 10 Analysis and conclusions about the needs and possible problems of the client 40 twenty 60 80 Employee Inspiration 0 70 one hundred thirty Probability to seize the opportunity on time fifty one hundred 10 0

Information processing unit 5 processed the data of Respondent A and expert estimates and the following results were obtained:

Indicators Correlation coefficient Active listening 0.767772 Analysis and conclusions about needs and possible problems -0.98271

customer Employee Inspiration 0.133169 The likelihood of being able to take advantage of 0.987479

The information output device 7 can display the result both in graphical form and in text form. So, for example, in text form it will look like this:

“It will be easier for respondent A to show“ active listening ”(r = 0.77, where r is the correlation coefficient) and“ use of a favorable situation ”(r = 0.98). Such parameters as “Inspiration of employees” (r = 0.13) and “Analysis and conclusions about the needs and possible problems of the client” (r = -0.98), the person will perform with great internal stress. ”

In other cases, it is also possible, for example, to determine the internal stress (physiological cost of an activity) arising from the fulfillment of the conditions or tasks of an activity.

Example 3

When performing tests on the input device, the response time (response rate to the stimulus) is recorded, the throughput of the analyzers and the efficiency of the tests are calculated.

So, with a high analyzer throughput for a long period of testing time (at least 2 minutes), one can judge a strong type of VID.

All results obtained by the input device (not shown in the drawing) are processed and transmitted to the information input unit 1 and then to the information processing unit 6, where the primary data are obtained.

So, for example, when performing the “S-test” methodology, the percentage of tasks completed by respondent A was 87%, the average time for a correct answer was 2.33 s, the average time for a wrong answer was 3.21 s, the number of correct answers was 69%, efficiency 58%

These data indicate the average response result (the result of the information processing unit).

When using the mathematical regression equation in the operator 6 of the comparative assessment, the data are compared with the block 3 of expert estimates. We obtain the predominant type of personality behavior, as well as probabilistic data for predicting the effectiveness of human activity, similarly to example 2.

Thus, the proposed ESCAL is fully automated and can be used both directly in working with the respondent and in remote mode (remote testing or conducting a survey, presenting the result, etc.) of working with him. At the same time, it allows you to effectively solve a whole range of problems related to the assessment of the personality and its activities.

Using the proposed ESCAL, the following technical results can be obtained:

- evaluate temperament as the central psychodynamic structure of the personality;

- evaluate the individual personality style in the activity;

- evaluate the structure of various types of activities;

- assess the level of internal tension of the personality, which occurs when performing functional duties and tasks of the activity;

- carry out career guidance;

- make recommendations on the individual adaptation of the educational process;

- make recommendations on the formation of effective groups and small teams for primary team roles;

- substantiate the personnel reserve and staff rotation for professionally important qualities;

- and etc.

Claims (1)

An expert system of complex personality analysis (ESCAL), comprising an information input unit equipped with questionnaire tests, an information processing unit connected to an information input unit, configured to perform primary information processing, and an information output device connected to the information processing unit, characterized in that in addition, a block of expert assessments was introduced, containing a knowledge base with expert assessments of various aspects of the vital activity of the object of study, and a comparative assessment operator and associated with the unit of expert evaluations, with the information processing unit, with the information output device and configured to compare the results obtained from the information processing unit with the data obtained from the expert evaluation unit.

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