RU149345U1 - CABINET BASIC SOFTWARE AND TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX OF AUTOMATED CONTROLS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The base cabinet for automation of control of technological equipment of power plants, characterized in that it contains two subracks for installing a power source and a unit for monitoring insulation and the presence of voltage and fuses, and also contains a unit for galvanic separation of signals with two microcontrollers for reading and preprocessing input signals, the formation of information messages and the generation of output signals, combined at the input and output with the function of diagnosing nodes b lock and control of input and output circuits, while the microcontrollers are combined in a block into a duplicating local network. 2. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with vibration-proof terminal blocks for internal and external switching.

Description

The field of technology.

The utility model relates to the field of energy, electrical engineering and automation and can be used to build automated control systems and technological processes of power plants.

State of the art

Currently, well-known cabinets in general are used to place remote control units, to form technological protection teams; signaling, analog-discrete signal conversion, logical signal conversion, time delays, voltage conversion, providing in-cabinet connections between blocks and cross terminal blocks.

Known cabinets of the UKTS type, which performs the functions of monitoring process parameters and controlling equipment of technological systems in accordance with the algorithms specified in the UKTS. In emergency conditions, when the initiating event is generated, UKTS provides the necessary signals for the impact on the mechanisms and electrical fittings of technological safety systems. The mechanisms are started in a certain sequence, the closing / opening of valves occurs in accordance with the logic of the operation of technological systems. UKTS provides for the centralized testing of protective devices (CCP) in normal operation without issuing control commands in order to identify defects and failures that are not detected during operation.

In UKTS complexes, input (measurement of values) of analog signals takes place, input of discrete signals that determine the state of equipment and technological processes of the NPP power unit, logical processing, output of control and signaling commands from UKTS-M cabinets.

Base cabinet UKTS-M is the closest technical solution.

The UKTS-M base cabinet is designed to accommodate and provide operating conditions for a set of service and logical blocks of UKTS-M: remote control units, technological protections; signaling, analog-discrete signal conversion, distribution of a unified signal, voltage stabilizers, mounting between mating connectors of blocks and cross terminal blocks.

UKTS-M cabinet provides:

- input of analog signals for their conversion into a discrete signal;

- input of discrete signals about the state of technological equipment or after-algorithmic processing of signals from neighboring cabinets of the complex;

- output of discrete control and signaling signals or transmission of discrete

- signals for further algorithmic processing. The disadvantages of the base cabinet UKTS-M include:

- soldered field HV and inside cabinet wiring;

- high heat dissipation and, as a consequence, the need to install fans;

- screw clamps on XT fields requiring periodic broaching;

- designated service life of 10 years;

- low reliability of equipment, MTBF of 50,000 hours.

For example, a control cabinet is known that contains a vertically oriented rectangular frame formed by vertical racks and front beams fastened together, while the cabinet is made with compartments separated by a vertical partition: cable connections and functional equipment, the last of which is equipped with retractable modular units that are installed in tiers throughout the volume of the compartment, while on each tier for each modular block guides are fixed, and each modular block is equipped with a guide for interaction with the guides of the corresponding tier and the clamp of the required position in the cabinet, providing independent extension of any block. At the same time, the position lock of the block contains a spring-loaded rod fixed to the base of the block, connected with a handle mounted for movement in a L-shaped hole made on the front panel of the block, with horizontal plates with rows of holes for entering into them installed on each tier them corresponding spring-loaded latch (see patent for utility model RU 61471, 02.27.2007).

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is the base cabinet КСО КТПС-ПН for collecting data on the state of the NPP technological equipment, which consists of three subracks, one of which is used to install service units: power supplies, voltage control unit, network devices, the second and third serve for the installation of functional blocks that provide the collection of analog signals - unified signals of direct current and voltage, signals from thermocouples and resistance thermocouples, as well as the collection and output spark signals, and the functional blocks have a redundant internal structure for converting the input signal and are connected by a local highway according to the RS-485 standard, which provides the possibility of sequential polling of functional blocks with a cycle of less than 20 ms, while filters are built into the functional blocks to suppress sinusoidal interference at frequencies 50 and 60 Hz, while in analog blocks galvanic isolation in digital circuits and high-precision measuring ADCs are used, and communication lines are shk F from the inputs to functional units concentrators fully duplicated (see. Utility Model Patent RU 136608, 01/10/2014).

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the developed and implemented cabinet of the base (SB) software and technology complex (PTC) of automated control tools (ACS).

The claimed technical result is achieved as follows.

The basic cabinet device for automating the control of technological equipment of power plants, according to the utility model, contains two subracks for installing a power source and a unit for controlling insulation and the presence of voltage and fuses, and also contains a galvanic separation unit for signals with two microcontrollers for reading and preprocessing input signals, generating information messages and generating output signals combined at the input and output with a diagnostic function block control nodes and input and output circuits, wherein the microcontrollers are combined in a block in duplicate WLAN shakeproof and provided with terminal boards for internal and external switching.

Utility Model Implementation

Base cabinet SB SAU is designed to implement the function of monitoring and controlling the technological equipment of systems important for the safety of nuclear power plants.

ShBSAU cabinet, with the equipment located in it, carries out:

- for receiving and processing analog signals proportional to the values of the controlled technological parameters and the position of the control valves from measuring instruments and related monitoring and control systems (hereinafter SKU);

- for receiving and processing discrete signals characterizing the state of technological equipment;

- for automated control and management of technological processes and the operation of technological equipment;

- for the issuance of information about the controlled parameters and condition of the technological equipment in the equipment of the VU PTK SAU, on the equipment of the control panels / panels of the control room and adjacent SKU.

ShB SAU cabinet consists of:

1) a swing frame on which is installed:

- two crates - A1.1 (primary) and A1.2 (redundant), designed to install fault-tolerant functional blocks (FB) in them of the main and backup channels and Ethernet network switches. The upper block A1.1 contains the service unit BKINP.

- in the upper part of the rotary frame there are two 24 V power sources, a main and a backup, a diode module that implements the function of "hot reserve", a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature inside the cabinet;

2) inside the cabinet, behind the pivoting frame, terminal blocks XL1, XL2 are installed for connecting the cabinet’s main and backup power cables and an SA3 circuit breaker for connecting the service power needed for the cabinet illumination lamp and electrical outlet;

3) from the outside, in the bottom row, a junction box A3 is installed with circuit breakers for power circuits (SA1, SA2) and line filters for switching and filtering the power supply of the ACS self-propelled gun control cabinet.

4) cross terminals are located on the left side of the cabinet:

- XT1 ... XT18 - for the implementation of external communications in the amount of 18 pieces with 32 terminals each;

- XTN1 ... XTN3 - for the organization of power buses of external "dry contacts" and light signaling in the amount of 3 pieces of 32 terminals each;

- XTM1, XTM2 - for the propagation of electrical circuits in the amount of 2 pieces, where each includes 8 fields having 3 combined contacts, and 2 fields having 4 combined contacts;

- XTN6 - for inputting an external 48 V power supply and issuing signals from “dry contacts” about a malfunction in the cabinet;

5) on the rear side of the cabinet, a grounding bar is located at the bottom of the front profile for connecting external cable shields and a protective earth circuit to it.

6) on the top of the cabinet there are industrial computers reserving each other, which implement control and information transfer algorithms to the upper level system of a nuclear power station through a gateway.

7) the unit of galvanic separation of signals (BGR) of the cabinet of the base complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability (SB KTPS-PN) for automation of control of technological equipment of the power plant additionally contains a backup microcontroller for reading and preprocessing input signals, generating information messages and generating output signals, and also an additional microcontroller for diagnosing unit nodes and monitoring input and output circuits, while the microcontrollers are combined into blocs ke in duplicate WLAN.

In addition, the unit contains additional contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks.

The block provides:

- galvanic separation of signals;

- pulse formation;

- alarm about the presence of input signals by the LEDs of the front panel of the unit;

- block failure alarm;

- the issuance of information signals in digital form in a local network of functional blocks (LSSF);

- the issuance of details (type of unit, serial number, production date, version of the software recorded in the unit, design location and address of the installation location in the cabinet) in the LSSB for input into the peripheral controller.

The unit is made in a unified design, in its design contains contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks. The block can be installed in any position of the second and third racks of the cabinet.

The BGR unit is a group of functional blocks of the cabinet of the basic SB KTPS-PN and is an integral part of the complex of hardware and software tools of increased reliability, designed to design automated control and monitoring systems for technological processes and transfer information about the state of technical equipment of the cabinet and technological equipment to the system top block or station level.

The assigned service life of the unit is at least 30 years.

MTBF of at least 200,000 hours

A high MTBF failure time is achieved through the use of highly reliable electronic components, partial duplication of circuits inside the unit. The low-power electronic components used in the unit do not require forced ventilation of the cabinet in which the unit is installed.

Thus, the claimed unit has the following capabilities that are absent from the analogue, which is extremely important, since national and international safety requirements are imposed on the operability of equipment providing the technological process, for example, nuclear power plants.

The block retains the performance of all functions in the event of any one malfunction in it due to internal duplication in the block.

The unit allows removal and installation of it back into the cabinet without turning off the power to the cabinet.

Two microcontrollers are installed in the block, which reserve the logic circuit of the block.

In the block on microcontrollers, a duplicated local area network is implemented for transmitting information about the state of the block, about the state of the input and output signals of the block to the upper level.

The block provides active and passive diagnostics, providing early detection of a malfunction before the failure of the control function.

Troubleshooting in the unit occurs during active and passive control of the elements.

In passive control, the unit checks the correspondence of the output signals with the signals generated by the unit depending on the totality of the input signals. In passive control, the unit detects malfunctions of input circuits with galvanic isolation in the presence of active signals at the inputs.

Passive diagnostics of the outputs is carried out each time after writing data to the key registers.

Passive diagnostics is based on a comparison of the data recorded in the key registers and the information read from the outputs of the block. Tasks of passive diagnostics of outputs (in priority order):

- prevent the generation of a false signal;

- determine if there is an error in writing data to the key registers;

- determine if there are malfunctions in the key register control circuits;

- determine if there are short circuits in the unit loads.

In active control, the unit checks the operability of circuits and nodes by supplying short-term signals "0" or "1" to the input of the node and reading the result of the action at the output. The duration of the test signals (15 ... 100) μs is selected so as not to cause false triggering of actuators and false alarms.

Before each reading of the input signals, an active diagnostics of the inputs is carried out, consisting of two stages:

1. The microcontroller checks the status of the outputs of the comparators by sequential supply of "0" and "1".

2. The microcontroller checks the input signal multiplexers and optocouplers by alternating the supply of logical “0” and “1”, voltage 0 V and 5 V.

Thus, active input diagnostics checks input signal multiplexers, optocoupler transistors, and comparators.

During active diagnostics of the outputs, the microcontroller opens the keys one by one. The feedback circuits verify both the opening and closing of the keys. Active diagnostics of the outputs reveals a breakdown of the key, a short circuit of the unit load, open circuit feedback or a short circuit inside the channel, a malfunction of the key control circuits, regardless of the status of the output signals.

Active diagnostics of the outputs in the second channel begins after its completion in the 1st channel: the master microcontroller gives the slave a command. This allows us to span the active diagnostics of the outputs in the channels in time. If one of the channels fails, active diagnostics of the outputs is not carried out.

Cross-channel information exchange is used for:

- passive input diagnostics;

- passive and active diagnostics of outputs;

- Forwarding of the state of triggers and long time delays (used when restarting one of the controllers).

If the microcontroller for more than 200 ms does not receive information from the adjacent channel, then the “Fault” LED on the front panel of the unit lights up.

Each block consists of two channels. Between channels, information is exchanged via a synchronous serial interface, which assumes the presence of one master and at least one slave. The main difference between the master and the slave is that the master generates clock pulses, and the slave does not. The inputs and outputs of the two channels of the unit are connected by mounting "OR". After power is applied, the microcontrollers of both channels of the block are initialized, which at the time of starting block outputs of the keys, each of its channel. Then the microcontrollers clear the key registers and enable the operation of their outputs. Further work occurs in a cyclic mode in the following sequence:

- input verification

- reading RAM inputs

- calculation of block reactions to input signals

- periodic checks - active output diagnostics

- output of output signals to key registers

- verification of output keys

- exchange with a neighboring channel and over a local network

The diagnostic system also checks the watchdog timers and indicators on the front panel of the unit.

Passive control of inputs and outputs is carried out every 1.5 ms. Active control of inputs is carried out once every 1.5 ms. Active control of exits is carried out once every 12 hours. The indicators on the front panel of the unit are checked once every 5 s.

When a malfunction occurs, the unit generates:

- general output signal "Fault";

- a signal to one of the LEDs "Fault" of the front panel of the unit;

- flashing signal to both LEDs "Fault" in the event of a short circuit in the load.

After removing the short circuit in the load circuit, the fault signals are removed. The duration of the Fault signal is at least 2 s.

The unit remains operational in the absence of a supply voltage of +24 V.

Base cabinet SB SAU is an integral part of the software and technology complex, designed for long-term continuous operation in real time and designed to implement the functions of monitoring and controlling the technological equipment of systems important for the safety of nuclear power plants.

The designated service life of the cabinet is at least 30 years.

MTBF of at least 450,000 hours

A high MTBF of the base cabinet of an ACS self-propelled guns is achieved through the use of highly reliable electronic components, redundant input and output of analog and discrete signals, complete duplication of communication networks, and the absence of forced cooling.

In addition, the base cabinet SB SBAU has the following features that are not available in the analogue.

WAGO original, high reliability and vibration resistance terminal blocks for internal and external switching are installed in the cabinet, allowing connecting cable and wire cores with cross sections from 0.08 mm ² to 2.5 mm ² (external - “clamped” mount) and from 0.03 mm ² to 0.5 mm ² (internal - “clip-on” mount).

In order to provide a reliable electrical connection, the insulation piercing method was used to connect the conductors of the ribbon cable inside the cabinet to the contacts of the flat connector.

The cabinet ensures the operability of the monitoring and control system in the presence of one failure due to redundancy of input and output of analog and discrete signals, control controllers (industrial computers).

In the cabinet service blocks - power supplies and a diode module - realize the function of "hot reserve".

In the cabinet, in the functional blocks there is an active and passive diagnostics, which provides early detection of a malfunction before failure to perform the control function.

Functional blocks of the cabinet allow their removal and installation back into the cabinet without powering down the cabinet.

The cabinet design provides for the verification of functional blocks using service equipment without removing it from the cabinet.

The communication between the functional units and the industrial computers in the cabinet is made using the RS485 and Ethernet IEEE802.3 interfaces.

The cabinet has a duplicated local area network.

When designing the PTC, low-power radio-electronic components were used to ensure minimal power dissipation, which made it possible to abandon forced ventilation of the cabinet when it was completely filled with functional blocks.

The cabinet has temperature control inside the cabinet. Thus, as follows from the description of the utility model, the essential structural components are two racks for installing the blocks, functional blocks installed with the possibility of their removal and installation in the cabinet without turning off the cabinet power, redundant modules and a duplicated local area network with the specified power source with power corrector - can improve the reliability of the claimed device.

Claims (2)

1. The base cabinet for automation of the control of technological equipment of power plants, characterized in that it contains two subracks for installing a power source and a unit for monitoring insulation and the presence of voltage and fuses, and also contains a galvanic separation of signals with two redundant microcontrollers for reading and preprocessing input signals, the formation of information messages and the generation of output signals, combined at the input and output with the function of diagnosing nodes b lock and control input and output circuits, while the microcontrollers are combined in a unit in a duplicate local area network. 2. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with vibration-resistant terminal blocks for internal and external switching.