RU149324U1 - UNIT OF ANALOG-DISCRETE CONVERTER OF THE BASIC CABINET OF THE COMPLEX OF TECHNICAL-SOFTWARE MEANS OF THE RELIABLE RELIABILITY - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Block analog-discrete converter cabinet basic complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability for automation of technological equipment of a power plant, characterized in that it is configured to receive an analog signal at one input and contains the main and backup microcontrollers for reading and processing signals, so that the main configured to process input signals and generate output commands with their diagnosis and control of the mismatch between the three analog systems signals of similar blocks, and the backup microcontroller is configured to prepare and transmit information signals through the backup channel of the local network. 2. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks.

Description

The field of technology.

The utility model relates to the field of energy and automation and can be used to build automated control systems and technological processes of power plants.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, known cabinets in general are used to accommodate remote control units, form technological protection teams; signaling, analog-discrete signal conversion, logical signal conversion, time delays, voltage conversion, providing in-cabinet connections between blocks and cross terminal blocks.

At the same time, ADP11 type units are installed in these cabinets.

UKTS performs the functions of controlling technological parameters and controlling equipment of technological systems in accordance with the algorithms specified in UKTS.

In emergency conditions, when the initiating event is generated, UKTS provides the necessary signals for the impact on the mechanisms and electrical fittings of technological safety systems. The mechanisms are started in a certain sequence, the closing / opening of valves occurs in accordance with the logic of the operation of technological systems.

UKTS exercises control over the equipment of technological systems of atomic power plants (NPPs) and thermal power plants (TPPs).

In the UKTS complexes, the input (measurement of values) of analog signals occurs, the input of discrete signals that determine the state of the equipment and technological processes of the power unit, the logical processing, the output of control and alarm commands of the UKTS-M cabinets, in which the blocks of the analog-discrete ADP converter are located.

Blocks of the analog-discrete converter (ADP) are designed to generate and issue discrete signals to control the action of emergency, technological protections, locks, alarms in automated process control systems when the controlled parameters reach the specified limit values.

The disadvantages of the block ADP should include:

- lack of redundancy of the logical circuit;

- the lack of the ability to transmit information over digital local area networks;

- lack of internal diagnosis;

- low reliability of components;

- high heat dissipation and, as a consequence, the need to install fans in the cabinet where the unit is installed;

- designated service life of 10 years;

- MTBF of 50,000 hours

A control cabinet is known, comprising a vertically oriented rectangular frame formed by vertical racks and front beams fastened together, the cabinet being made with compartments separated by a vertical partition: cable and functional equipment attachments, the last of which is equipped with retractable modular units installed in tiers throughout the compartment volume at the same time, rails are fixed on each tier for each modular block, and each modular block is equipped with rails for interaction with the guides of the corresponding tier and the clamp of the required position in the cabinet, providing independent extension of any block. At the same time, the position lock of the block contains a spring-loaded rod fixed to the base of the block, connected with a handle mounted for movement in a L-shaped hole made on the front panel of the block, with horizontal plates with rows of holes for entering into them installed on each tier them corresponding spring-loaded latch (see patent for utility model RU 61471, 02.27.2007, H02B 1/30).

A multi-section plug-in module is known, comprising functional blocks connected by a backplane and protected by a housing that is divided into at least two sections, each of which has mounting boards with electrical connectors attached to the contact ends, connected to electrical connectors on the backplane and mounted in parallel a side wall of the housing, on the opposite side of the backplane there is a docking connector connected to the mating part with ykovochnogo backplane connector adjacent section, wherein the backplane attached to the side walls of the housing, adjacent sections are connected to each other by means of strips arranged on the side walls of the housing. At the same time, a shield is placed between the backplanes of the neighboring sections, which protects against electromagnetic radiation (see utility patent RU 120310, 09/10/2012, H05K 7/02, 7/18).

The well-known KSO KTPS-PN cabinet for collecting data on the state of technological equipment of nuclear power plants, characterized in that it consists of three subracks, one of which is used to install service units: power supplies, voltage control unit, network devices, the second and third are used for installation functional blocks that provide the collection of analog signals - unified DC and voltage signals, signals from thermocouples and resistance thermocouples, as well as the collection and generation of discrete signals, moreover, the function All the blocks have a redundant internal structure for converting the input signal and are connected by a local highway according to the RS-485 standard, which provides the possibility of sequential polling of function blocks with a cycle of less than 20 ms, while filters are built into the function blocks to suppress sinusoidal noise at frequencies of 50 and 60 Hz At the same time, galvanic isolation in digital circuits and high-precision measuring ADCs are used in analog blocks, and cabinet communication lines from the inputs of functional blocks to hubs are duplicated completely (see Utility Model Patent RU 136608, 01/10/2014, F01K 7/00).

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the unit analog-discrete Converter (ADP11) complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability KTPS-PN.

The claimed technical result is achieved as follows.

The block of analog-discrete converter (ADP11) of the cabinet of the basic complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability (SB KTPS-PN) for automating the control of technological equipment of a power plant, according to a utility model, is configured to receive an analog signal at one input and contains primary and backup reading microcontrollers and signal processing, so that the main one is configured to process input signals and generate output commands with their diagnosis and control of the mismatch between the three analog signals of similar blocks, and the backup microcontroller is configured to prepare and transmit information signals through the backup channel of the local network.

In addition, the unit contains contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks.

Implementing a Utility Model A block is built using microcontrollers. The microcontroller performs the functions of:

- reading input signals;

- preliminary signal processing;

- formation of information messages;

- output signal generation;

- control of input and output circuits;

- diagnosing unit nodes.

The block of the analog-discrete converter with diagnostics (ADP11), located in the cabinet of the basic KB KTPS-PN complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability KTPS-PN is designed to generate and issue discrete signals to control the action of emergency, technological protections, interlocks, alarms in automated control systems technological processes when controlled parameters reach specified limit values.

The unit has limits for the nominal value of the scale at input 2 (Km),% from 0 to 100.

The block provides:

- reception of a unified analog DC signal to a galvanically isolated input; the ability to reconfigure the input signal range when replacing the input measuring resistor; the possibility of diagnostic control of input signals by an external device; the ability to change the polarity of the input signal;

- linear conversion of the deviation of the total or differential signal from the first and second inputs from a given upper or lower limit value (response setpoint) into a smoothed resulting signal with a variable damping time constant;

- the ability to control the output resulting signal by an external device;

- relay conversion of the resulting signal into a discrete response signal with an adjustable return zone;

- issuing a discrete response signal with the possibility of prohibition (signal blocking) by external signals;

- the ability to block the outputs of the operation by installing a blocker; blocked state alarm;

- testing (triggering call) of the discrete part of the block by an external discrete signal;

- alarm operation by LEDs on the front panel of the unit; block malfunction alarm;

- the issuance of information about the state of the unit in the LSSB for input into the peripheral controller;

- the issuance of details (type of unit, serial number, date of manufacture) in the LSSB for entry into the peripheral controller.

The unit is made in a unified design, in its design contains contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks. The block can be installed in any position of the second and third racks of the cabinet.

The ADP 11 block is a group of functional blocks of the cabinet of the basic ШТТП-ПН base cabinet and is an integral part of the complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability, designed to create automated design and control systems for technological processes and transmit information about the state of technical equipment of the cabinet and technological equipment to system of the upper block or station level.

The assigned service life of the unit is at least 30 years. MTBF of at least 200,000 hours

A high MTBF of MTB11 is achieved through the use of highly reliable electronic components, partial duplication of circuits inside the unit. The low-power electronic components used in the unit do not require forced ventilation of the cabinet in which the unit is installed.

Thus, the claimed unit has the following capabilities that are absent from the analogue, which is extremely important, since national and international safety requirements are imposed on the operability of equipment providing the technological process, for example, nuclear power plants.

The block retains the performance of all functions in the event of any one malfunction in it due to internal duplication in the block.

The unit allows removal and installation of it back into the cabinet without turning off the power to the cabinet.

Two microcontrollers are installed in the block, which reserve the logic circuit of the block.

In the block on microcontrollers, a duplicated local area network is implemented for transmitting information about the state of the block, about the state of the input and output signals of the block to the upper level.

The block provides active and passive diagnostics, providing early detection of a malfunction before the failure of the control function.

Troubleshooting in the unit occurs during active and passive control of the elements.

In passive control, the unit checks the correspondence of the output signals with the signals generated by the unit depending on the totality of the input signals. In passive control, the unit detects malfunctions of input circuits with galvanic isolation in the presence of active signals at the inputs.

Passive diagnostics of the outputs is carried out each time after writing data to the key registers.

Passive diagnostics is based on a comparison of the data recorded in the key registers and the information read from the outputs of the block. Tasks of passive diagnostics of outputs (in priority order):

prevent the generation of a false signal;

- determine if there is an error in writing data to the key registers;

- determine if there are malfunctions in the key register control circuits;

- determine if there are short circuits in the unit loads.

In active control, the unit checks the operability of circuits and nodes by supplying short-term signals "0" or "1" to the input of the node and reading the result of the action at the output. The duration of the test signals (15 ... 100) μs is selected so as not to cause false triggering of actuators and false alarms.

Before each reading of the input signals, an active diagnostics of the inputs is carried out, consisting of two stages:

1. The microcontroller checks the status of the outputs of the comparators by sequential supply of "0" and "1".

2. The microcontroller checks the input signal multiplexers and optocouplers by alternating the supply of logical “0” and “1”, voltage 0 V and 5 V.

Thus, active input diagnostics checks input signal multiplexers, optocoupler transistors, and comparators.

During active diagnostics of the outputs, the microcontroller will open the keys one by one. The feedback circuits verify both the opening and closing of the keys. Active diagnostics of the outputs reveals a breakdown of the key, a short circuit of the unit load, open circuit feedback or a short circuit inside the channel, a malfunction of the key control circuits, regardless of the status of the output signals.

Active diagnostics of the outputs in the second channel begins after its completion in the 1st channel: the master microcontroller gives the slave a command. This allows us to span the active diagnostics of the outputs in the channels in time. If one of the channels fails, active diagnostics of the outputs is not carried out.

- Inter-channel information exchange serves to:

- passive input diagnostics;

- passive and active diagnostics of outputs;

- Forwarding of the state of triggers and long time delays (used when restarting one of the controllers).

If the microcontroller for more than 200 ms does not receive information from the adjacent channel, then the “Fault” LED on the front panel of the unit lights up.

Each block consists of two channels. Between channels, information is exchanged via a synchronous serial interface, which assumes the presence of one master and at least one slave. The main difference between the master and the slave is that the master generates clock pulses, and the slave does not. The inputs and outputs of the two channels of the unit are connected by mounting "OR". After power is applied, the microcontrollers of both channels of the block are initialized, which at the time of starting block outputs of the keys, each of its channel. Then the microcontrollers clear the key registers and enable the operation of their outputs. Further work occurs in a cyclic mode in the following sequence:

- input verification

- reading RAM inputs

- calculation of block reactions to input signals

- periodic checks - active output diagnostics

- output of output signals to key registers

- verification of output keys

- exchange with a neighboring channel and over a local network

The diagnostic system also checks the watchdog timers and indicators on the front panel of the unit.

Passive control of inputs and outputs is carried out every 1.5 ms. Active control of inputs is carried out once every 1.5 ms. Active control of exits is carried out once every 12 hours. The indicators on the front panel of the unit are checked once every 5 s.

When a malfunction occurs, the unit generates:

- general output signal "Fault";

- a signal to one of the LEDs "Fault" of the front panel of the unit;

- flashing signal to both LEDs "Fault" in the event of a short circuit in the load.

After removing the short circuit in the load circuit, the fault signals are removed. The duration of the Fault signal is at least 2 s.

The unit remains operational in the absence of a supply voltage of +24 V.

Thus, the technical result is achieved by a combination of essential features of a utility model.

Claims (2)

1. Block analog-discrete converter cabinet basic complex of technical and software tools of increased reliability for automation of technological equipment of a power plant, characterized in that it is configured to receive an analog signal at one input and contains the main and backup microcontrollers for reading and processing signals, so that the main configured to process input signals and generate output commands with their diagnosis and control of the mismatch between the three analog systems signals of similar blocks, and the backup microcontroller is configured to prepare and transmit information signals through the backup channel of the local network. 2. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains contacts for connecting to power circuits, a local network and terminal blocks.