RU149291U1 - OCCLUSION TIRE FOR FIXING JAW FRAGMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: medicine, orthopedic dentistry and can be used in the treatment of fractures of the lower jaw without displacement, with a partial absence of teeth, from 1 to 7 remaining teeth. SUBSTANCE: occlusal splint for fixation of jaw fragments, which is a supragingival base with fixation elements fixed to the teeth fixed to it in the form of 1-2 bent clasps and an occlusal roller with imprints of antagonist teeth, the basis with an occlusal roller made of hot cured plastic . Effect: improving the treatment of fracture of the lower jaw with a partial absence of teeth. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and can be used in the treatment of fractures of the lower jaw without displacement, with a partial absence of teeth, from 1 to 7 remaining teeth.

The urgency of the problem of treating jaw fractures is explained by the fact that in the era of industrialization and automation, the number of technological disasters is growing, and with them the number of injuries of the maxillofacial region. The increasing intensity of injuries for people under 60 is higher than cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Currently, among the fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton: 71% - fractures of the lower jaw, 25% - fractures of the upper jaw [Orthopedic dentistry: textbook / ed. I.Yu. Lebedenko, E.S. Kalivrajiyana. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2011. - 640 p .: ill.].

Known tire for the treatment of jaw fractures (patent RU 2097002), consisting of a base, support planes and an immobilizing tooth wire bar means.

Disadvantages: the tire is double-jawed, inconvenient for the patient, since it has hook loops with rubber rings on the vestibular side, which adversely affect adaptation, hygiene, speech, and food intake.

The technical result of the proposed solution as a utility model is the convenience for the patient when using the proposed design with high treatment efficiency.

These tasks are achieved due to the fact that a single-jaw occlusal splint for fixation of fragments of the lower jaw, made of hot-hardened plastic, for example, AKR-15 (Ukraine, Kharkov, STOMA), consisting of a gingival base, to which is fixed fixed 1 or 2 bent clasps made of clasp wire (St. Petersburg, "BETA", TU 9391 003-54275236-2004) and an occlusal roller with imprints of antagonist teeth on its occlusal surface.

A utility model is depicted in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows the proposed occlusal splint for fixing fragments of the lower jaw.

The tire is made of hot-cured plastic, for example, “AKP-15” and represents a supra-gingival basis of the upper jaw (1), on which 1-2 bent clasps (2) are fixedly fixed and an occlusal roller (3) is fixedly fixed, which has prints of antagonist teeth (four). The number of clasps depends on the number of remaining teeth on the upper jaw. If there are from 2 to 7 - use two clasps, if 1, then use 1 clasp.

An occlusal splint is made as follows.

The anatomical cast is removed with an alginate impression material using a standard spoon of the required size from the upper jaw that does not have a fracture, after which a model is cast on the obtained cast, on which the supra jaw base of the upper jaw is modeled with base wax (1) with fixation elements in the form of bent clasps (2) , replace the wax with hot cured plastic according to the generally accepted method and fit the basis (1) in the oral cavity. In the area of missing teeth, an occlusal roller (3) is prepared from a base wax on a rigid plastic base, the occlusal surface is heated with a dental spatula and inserted into the oral cavity, fixing the position of the jaws in a state of relative physiological rest; after cooling the occlusal roller (3), the structure is removed from the oral cavity, wax is replaced with hot-cured plastic according to the generally accepted method, keeping the prints of antagonist teeth unchanged (4). The occlusal splint is subjected to grinding, polishing, antiseptic treatment and applied in the oral cavity in combination with a headband and chin sling.

After examining the fracture and the condition of the fragments of the lower jaw, the anatomical cast is removed with an alginate impression material using a standard spoon of the required size from the upper jaw that does not have a fracture. A tire is made as described above and is applied to the oral cavity. The splint is fixed on the upper jaw so that the teeth of the lower jaw fit into the prints of the antagonist teeth (4), on the occlusal roller (2). Clasps (3) are fixed to the remaining teeth (from 1 to 7) on the upper jaw. The lower jaw is fixed with a headband and the chin sling associated with it.

The presence of an occlusal splint in the form of a single jaw structure on the upper jaw improves adaptation, provides ease of use in the treatment of a fracture of the lower jaw. Due to the presence of imprints of teeth-antagopists on the occlusal rollers, the tire fixes fragments of the lower jaw and prevents their displacement in the horizontal and vertical planes. The use of fixation elements in the form of 1-2 clasps improves fixation of the occlusal splint with partial absence of teeth. The splint allows to fix the interalveolar height corresponding to the height of relative physiological rest, excludes the development of dysfunctional disorders of the temporomandibular joint, constant tension of the muscles of the maxillofacial region and disturbance of microcirculatory blood flow in them, which ultimately affects the positive quality and timing of treatment of patients.

Claims (1)

An occlusal splint for fixation of jaw fragments, which is a supragingival base made of hot-cured plastic with fixation elements, characterized in that the fixation elements are fixedly mounted on the basis in the form of 1-2-x bent clasps and occlusal ridges with prints of antagonist teeth.

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