RU147225U1 - INSTALLATION FOR DISPOSAL OF HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING WASTE - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing waste, including a pyrolysis reactor, a device for gas purification and gas passage, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a synthesis reactor connected to the gas passage, while the specified synthesis reactor has a housing inside which granular zinc is located -chrome catalyst, crushed to a powder in a ratio of one to one with ferrite powder, and the windings of a solenoidal coil are wound externally on the body of the synthesis reactor.

Description

The utility model relates to resource-saving devices, namely, to the field of environmental disposal of carbon-containing waste, chemical-technological, energy-saving processes for methanol production from pyrolysis gases through synthesis gas using carbon tailing gases generated during high-temperature pyrolysis during the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing oil sludge and oil-contaminated lands.

A known installation for the thermal processing of organo-sludge containing an reactor, an activator installed inside the reactor, a heat source made in the form of electrodes installed in insulating devices, a mechanism for supplying electrodes to the reactor [RU 33208U1, IPC 7 F23G 5/00, publ. 2003]. The installation is additionally equipped with a refrigerator in the form of a spiral pipe, cooled by air, and a condensate collector for cooling and final separation of the liquid from the resulting gas product.

Methanol technology is known on an industrial scale, its production and hardware design is very cumbersome. Oversized chemical reactors, heat exchangers, tanks for mixing reagents in the presence of a catalyst have impressive dimensions. For a mobile installation processing hydrocarbon waste by high-temperature pyrolysis, the additional reactor must be miniaturized.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to develop an environmentally friendly installation for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing waste, which is a mechanism for implementing the concept of pollution prevention.

When implementing a utility model, the problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the degree of waste processing to obtain a useful product by creating an energy-closed process for the synthesis of methanol with low consumption rates for raw materials and energy. Using a small synthesis reactor, a result was obtained that allows for the on-site waste generation to be involved in the resource turnover using local facilities. This is more economical than the traditional methods of neutralizing or disposing of waste at landfills, the construction of expensive waste recycling plants.

To increase the efficiency of the technological process, the following technical decision was made - to supplement the existing pyrolysis utilization unit with modular sections, allowing reuse of the waste product. The main addition to the high-temperature pyrolysis reactor with electric arc heating is a synthesis gas reactor.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing wastes, including a pyrolysis reactor, a gas purification device and a gas passage, it is new that it is additionally equipped with a synthesis reactor connected to the gas passage, wherein said synthesis the reactor has a housing, inside of which there is a granular zinc-chromium catalyst, crushed to a powder state in a ratio of one to one with ferrite powder, and on the outside, on a blue es reactor winding wound solenoidal coil.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a synthesis reactor of a device for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing waste, FIG. Figures 2 and 3 show the dependences of the yield of methanol concentration in an aqueous solution on the current strength and voltage generated in the solenoidal coil of the synthesis reactor.

A device for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing waste contains a pyrolysis reactor, for example a high-temperature reactor with electric arc heating, gas lines, a gas purification device (not shown in Fig.), A synthesis reactor.

The synthesis reactor includes a housing 1, equipped with plugs 2, in the openings of which are inserted transitional fittings or connecting steel tubes 3. Housing 1 can be made of a ferromagnetic bronze blank with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 160 mm. Inside the housing 1 of the synthesis reactor is a granular zinc-chromium catalyst 4, crushed to a powder state in a ratio of one to one with ferrite powder. Outside, windings 5 of a solenoidal coil are wound around the housing 1 of the synthesis reactor. The synthesis reactor is connected by a gas line to a gas purifier.

The device operates as follows.

Carbon-containing waste was taken as a utilized material. After purification, the pyrolysis gas obtained at the outlet of the reactor goes to a synthesis reactor, where a heterogeneous reaction of its conversion to methanol CH ₂ OH under the influence of an electric field takes place on the zinc-chromium catalyst 4. A mixture of gaseous products at the outlet of the synthesis of a methanol reactor enters the storage tank.

The windings 5 of the solenoid coil are connected through diodes. The activation of catalyst 4 inside the synthesis reactor is carried out by mixing it with a ferromagnetic powder and exposure to this mixture with an electromagnetic field created by a solenoidal coil.

Obtained at the exit of the pyrolysis chamber

When turned on, the windings 5 are switched on alternately with a frequency of 50 Hz. When this ferromagnetic powder continuously compresses and expands the catalyst 4, providing a pulsating gas permeability. Thus, the synthesis reactor works like a pump, while repeatedly mixing gas, compressing and expanding it with increasing intensity of the process on catalyst 4. Along the way, particles of catalyst 4 rub against each other and on a ferrite abrasive powder, which leads to their purification from contaminating films . With a frequency of 50 Hz, a polarity reversal occurs in the power supply. The current alternately passes through the winding 5 of the solenoid coil, while a magnetic field appears, which magnetizes the ferromagnetic particles and forces them to interact with each other, involving the particles of the catalyst 4 in motion.

Thus, for gas, passability through small particles alternately arises, replaced by a large resistance exerted by a compressed mass of particles. The activity of the catalyst 4, compressing and decompressing the reacting gas, increases an additional 20-50 times. It is possible to increase the productivity of the synthesis reactor, including windings 5 in a three-phase network. In this case, the synthesis reactor does not work as valves, but as an active pump, combining all the positive effects of the first scheme and additionally forcing the gas to move in the direction of the phase shift. With this inclusion, it is important to choose the right phasing.

To study the possibility of activating the methanol production process in a synthesis reactor by a magnetic field in the presence of ferromagnetic particles and a catalyst, a 3-layer solenoidal coil with a total length of 140 mm and an inductance of 5.2 mH, wound with a copper wire with a wire diameter of d = 0.2 mm, was made. . The evaluation of the optimal parameters of the solenoidal coil is based on the following well-known physical relationships:

a) the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the solenoid

H = I

where I is the current through the solenoid, n is the number of turns per unit length of the coil equal to l of the _solenoid , and n≈l of the _wire / πd of the _reactor l of the _solenoid ,

b) Ohm's law for an AC circuit section with voltage U, frequency ω, inductance L, and active resistance R

The measurements of the parameters of several coils showed that at a frequency of 50 Hz, their inductive resistance is much less active, that is, ωL << R. For the coil we wound, L = 5.2 mH, ωL = 1.6 Ohms, R = 72 Ohms. Thus, the condition ωL << R is quite valid for it, therefore, the current through the solenoid I = U / R. Since the active resistance R of the solenoidal coil can be found by the ratio:

then the magnetic field inside the solenoid will be determined by the expression:

The main effect of the magnetic field on the methanol production process consists precisely in the activation of the catalyst due to the displacement of its particles by particles of a ferromagnetic powder, the reorientation of which is provided by an external magnetic field. In the presence of displacement of the catalyst particles, it interacts with a large volume of synthesis gas, resulting in an increase in the yield of methanol. This effect will be the greater, the greater the amplitude of the shift of the catalyst particles, defined by the reorientation of the particles of the ferromagnetic powder. This reorientation will be maximum in a sinusoidal alternating magnetic field. The optimal number of turns of the coil of the solenoid coil 5 was estimated based on the calculations. Effective mixing in the synthesis reactor leads to a change in the mass transfer parameters, and the effect of a magnetic field leads to a change in the energy of the starting compounds, increasing the reaction rate and shortening its duration. The presence in the reaction mass of ferromagnetic particles moving in an alternating electromagnetic field leads to an increase in the dispersion of the substance and, as a consequence, to an increase in the area of contact between the gas and solid phases. Determination of methanol after passing the pyrolysis gas through the synthesis reactor was initially carried out by the photometric method on a KFK-3 photoelectrocalorimeter; the gas passing through the synthesis reactor entered a vessel with water, from which samples were taken to determine the methanol concentration in it. The actual composition of the concentration of methanol in an aqueous solution of the gas obtained after passing the pyrolysis gas through the synthesis reactor is given in table. 1. The results obtained indicate the effective influence of the magnetic field on the methanol yield. Increasing the current strength and voltage on the solenoidal coil of the synthesis reactor (Fig. 2, 3), when applying an electromagnetic field in the presence of ferromagnetic particles and a catalyst in the reaction mass, the rate of the chemical reaction and the yield of methanol were increased. The chemistry of the process is traditional.

Thus, the claimed utility model has a simple design and provides an increase in the quality of waste processing by recycling the gas released as a result of high-temperature pyrolysis processing and provides a useful product-methanol from waste, which can be used in the oil and gas industry for breaking gas hydrates using various catalysts can get various gas chemistry products

Claims (1)

Installation for the disposal of hydrocarbon-containing waste, including a pyrolysis reactor, a device for gas purification and gas passage, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a synthesis reactor connected to the gas passage, while the specified synthesis reactor has a housing inside which granular zinc is located -chrome catalyst, crushed to a powder state in a ratio of one to one with ferrite powder, and the windings of a solenoidal coil are wound externally on the body of the synthesis reactor.

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