RU146462U1 - AUTONOMOUS CHARGER - Google Patents

Abstract

A stand-alone charger, consisting of a magnetic field to electric energy converter based on an inductor and a permanent magnet, a diode bridge, a storage capacitor, a comparing element built on the basis of a comparator and a field effect transistor and a rechargeable battery, characterized in that the circuit includes: inductor providing a non-sinusoidal alternating voltage in the coil and charging the capacitor, Schottky diode, excluding the discharge of the capacitor, a comparator, providing comparing voltages on the capacitor and on the battery, a field effect transistor providing the function of the switch when the voltage on the capacitor is exceeded.

Description

The proposed technical device is intended for autonomous recharging batteries of mobile electronic devices. The device is designed using the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.

The block diagram of the recharging of the batteries (Fig. 1) consists of a charger 1 and a battery 8. The charger consists of a converter 2 of mechanical energy to electromotive force, a converter of alternating EMF to EMF of constant polarity 3, isolation element 4, storage element 5, comparing element 6, and indicator 7.

At the moment, there are some analogues of this device. The Soldius 1 device allows you to charge batteries from solar energy. In the absence of sunlight, the operation of the charger is impossible, this disadvantage is eliminated by the proposed invention. The work does not depend on solar energy, which is generated by mechanical vibrations.

There is a Portable Cell Phone Charger device, the operation of which is based on the principle of a dynamo machine. To charge, you must constantly rotate the handle of the device. In the device proposed by us, one does not have to make forced vibrations to generate electricity, the charge will occur when walking.

The main part of the converter (Fig. 2) is an inductor. A copper wire with a diameter of 0.12 mm was used as winding 5 of the coil. The role of the frame is performed by a hollow diamagnetic dielectric cylinder 1, on which 3,000 turns in one direction were wound.

A continuous cylindrical permanent magnet 2 with a diameter of 15 mm is placed inside the cylinder, the size of which provides a guaranteed gap Δd between it and the cylinder walls.

The length of the coil winding is taken to be 4-5 times the length h _{m of the} magnet. The winding is not fully wound over the entire length of the cylinder. Indents are made from the edges with a size comparable to the length of the magnet. The ends of the cylinder are plugged with cork plugs 3, in which small holes are made for the free movement of the magnet in the cavity of the cylinder. To soften the collisions, thin foam paddings are glued to the inside of the caps.

The electrical circuit diagram (Fig. 3) includes an EMF source, which is an electromagnetic converter 2, a diode bridge VD1-VD4, a decoupling Schottky diode VD5, a storage capacitor C1, a comparator VD1, a field effect transistor VD1 and a battery GB1. Operational amplifiers D2, D3 with a load in the feedback circuit R1-R4 are connected to the comparator inputs in the branch.

The main element of the electrical circuit diagram (Fig. 3) is a converter of mechanical energy into electromotive force, consisting of an inductor wound on a cylindrical frame, and a permanent magnet that moves freely in the cavity of this frame. When the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet cross the windings in the coil, induction EMF is induced.

The shape of the induced EMF induction (Fig. 4) is non-sinusoidal and alternating. The magnitude of the EMF depends on the design of the converter and the speed of the magnet in the converter. The diode bridge VD1-VD4 of alternating emf generates voltage (Fig. 5).

The resulting ripple voltage charges the capacitor C1 to an amplitude value (FIG. 6).

To eliminate the discharge of capacitor C1 to the rectifier diode bridge, a Schottky diode VD1 was added to the circuit. To compare the voltage level on the capacitor C1 and the battery GB1, a comparison device based on the DA3 comparator is implemented in the circuit. The voltage from the capacitor and the voltage from the battery are applied to the inputs of the comparator. Between the comparator and the battery, a VT2 field effect transistor is included, which works like a key. In the normal state, when there is no voltage in the capacitor and the battery voltage is greater than the capacitor voltage, the field-effect transistor is locked, since a negative voltage is applied to the gate, there is no drain current. If the voltage on the capacitor exceeds the voltage on the battery, then a positive polarity voltage is applied to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and it unlocks, the battery begins to become infected. Operational amplifiers with the same parameters and gain k <1 are connected to the inputs of the comparator.

The figure 7 presents the printed circuit board for the developed device.

Claims (1)

A stand-alone charger, consisting of a magnetic field to electric energy converter based on an inductor and a permanent magnet, a diode bridge, a storage capacitor, a comparing element built on the basis of a comparator and a field effect transistor and a rechargeable battery, characterized in that the circuit includes: inductor providing a non-sinusoidal alternating voltage in the coil and charging the capacitor, Schottky diode, excluding the discharge of the capacitor, a comparator, providing comparing voltages on the capacitor and on the battery, a field effect transistor providing the function of the switch when the voltage on the capacitor is exceeded.

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