RU145171U1 - CORNER JUMPER FOR REMOVABLE FORMWORK FOR MAKING CONCRETE WALLS - Google Patents

Abstract

Corner jumper for fixed formwork for the manufacture of concrete walls, containing a supporting element in the form of a L-shaped plate, designed to be placed in the body of the outer corner panel of a fixed formwork in its corner zone, while the end parts of the L-shaped plate are interconnected by a connecting element associated with the parts of the L-shaped form of the plate with cross-pieces, characterized in that the connecting element is made in the form of a plate of a L-shaped form with the direction of the vertex of its right angle in the direction of the right angle a support element, wherein the L-shaped connecting plate in the area of its right angle is strengthened by an amplifying element in the form of a L-shaped plate, the ends of which are connected to the parts of the connecting plate and whose right angle is directed to the opposite direction of the vertex of the right angle of the connecting plate, the vertex all right angles lie on the common bisector, and the surfaces of all plates are located in the vertical direction.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to the structures of fixed formwork elements for the manufacture of concrete walls. In particular, the design of the angular jumper used to organize the positional stability of angular modules of fixed formwork is considered.

In the construction of standard buildings, concrete walls are usually obtained by erecting the formwork, into the cavity of which concrete is poured and after the concrete has hardened, the formwork walls are removed. After that, finishing materials are attached to concrete walls, if necessary. Such a process is time-consuming and uneconomical from the point of view of materials, since the walls of the formwork have to be removed after pouring concrete. In addition, currently insulating materials are usually applied to all walls, including basement walls, especially in colder climates, and the frame and insulation materials must be installed separately inside the walls. The implementation of the construction in the sequence as described above, which is typical for the construction of a structure with a wooden frame, is time-consuming and expensive.

In recent years, a system has been used that combines a number of operations (usually associated with the construction of residential and other buildings), which save materials, energy and so on. This system mainly involves the use of foamed insulating material for the construction of permanent formwork walls. The walls of the formwork are erected, concrete is poured and the walls of the formwork are left at the place of their installation. Thus, they receive not only the walls of the foundation, but also all the walls of the building. There is no need for additional insulation, and finishing materials, if necessary, can be applied to the inside and outside of the wall.

To achieve various improvements, various embodiments of this system have been proposed: CA 1209364, US 4698947, 4730422, 4879855, 4884382. However, all of the proposed systems, although in many applications are very effective, suffer from one or other disadvantages.

For example, the fixed formwork used for the manufacture of concrete walls is known, containing the first and second panels made of high density foam, each of which has an inner and outer surface, an upper and lower surface, and also two end surfaces, the panels being parallel to one the other and facing each other with internal surfaces, and at least two jumpers passing between the panels and through the panels and molded into said panels, each said jumper is made and h of high density polyethylene and contains two elongated end plates oriented in a vertical plane between the upper and lower surfaces of the panels and resting on the outer surfaces of the panels, said elongated end plates extending essentially from the upper to lower surfaces of the panels, and at least one screed, rigidly connecting the elongated end plates, wherein each said screed is oriented in a vertical plane and has a height in this plane that is substantially less than vert Calne size of said panels and substantially less than the vertical dimension of said end plates (RU 2129640, E04B 2/86, E04G 17/06, publ. 04/27/1999).

In this known solution, the lintels that hold the panels together in a positional position on the thickness of the concrete wall perform two functions. The first is directly bonding the panels to each other so that they form a formwork according to the dimensions of the wall, which is supposed to be erected by filling concrete with a cavity between the panels. Another is to hold these panels securely when the cavity is filled with concrete and to prevent the panels from expanding or deforming. For this purpose, the end parts of the jumpers are molded into the body of the panels.

Thus, in the assembled building block, two panels are connected in the middle by spaced cross-beams, forming an H-shaped profile in cross section. Such profiles are prone to bending stress and torsion and quite easily lose their spatial positioning when a local effect is applied to the edges of the panel. Despite the fact that the panels along the end surfaces are made with elements of a lock connection with adjacent panels (when laying the walls in height and in a row), the pressure from the poured concrete at the time of pouring presses on the lower edges of the panels and can deploy them. This is due to the fact that the positioning of the panels with each other depends only on the stiffness of the cross member, which works like a beam, the ends of which have a hard seal. This creates the need for constant monitoring of the deformation of the panels and the position of the panels when filling the cavity between them with concrete.

The considered example relates to the construction of a rectilinear wall section. And when connecting the walls to the corner, a module of the corner fixed formwork is used which contains two panels arranged in parallel at a distance from each other and having internal and external surfaces, each panel being parallel to one another and facing each other with internal surfaces, and jumpers made of polymeric material located vertically between the panels across them and at a distance from each other, while the end parts of the jumpers are molded into said panels whether. For such an angular module, each panel is L-shaped in which one part of the panel is located at right angles to the other part of the panel and carries an angular reinforcing element in the corner zone. Both panels are placed at a distance from each other with the location of the bisector line of the right angle of one panel on the continuation of the bisector line of the right angle of the other panel, with the outer surface of one panel facing the inner surface of the other panel (for example, RU 2380498, E04B 2/86, publ. January 27, 2009, US 6820384, E04B 2/86, publ. 11/23/2004, US 20070175155, E04B 1/02, publ. 02.08.2007, US 20080155925, E04B 1/16, publ. 03.07.2008).

To strengthen and strengthen the angular zone of externally located panels of fixed formwork, an angular reinforcing element in the form of an angular jumper is used. This angular reinforcing element is made in the form of an angular element formed by a L-shaped plate, molded in the area of the right angle of the panel with the location of this plate inside the panel body, while the ends of the curved parts of the plate are interconnected by a coupler reinforced by two jumpers between the parts of the plate and the coupler, and from the screed in the direction from the L-shaped plate there is an emphasis for fixing the reinforcing element in the concrete body after pouring the formwork cavity (US 6820384, E04B 2/86, publ. 23.11.2004). This decision was made as a prototype for the claimed object.

The disadvantage of this reinforcing element is that it can only be used for formwork with a rounded internal angle, since for such a configuration of the jumper it is necessary that its entire body in the area between the outer L-shaped plate and the screed be molded into the formwork panel. This is only possible if the right angle is maintained only on the outer surface of the formwork, and the inner angle is artificially smoothed. As a result, after pouring concrete into the formwork cavity, the building receives not a straight concrete angle, but a rounded one. In addition, the emphasis, which is an element for fixing the reinforcing jumpers in concrete, is made in the form of a rod, which, of course, does not give the necessary effect of holding the reinforcing element in concrete.

The utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the operational reliability of fixed formwork by transferring part of the load from the foam panels to the corner jumpers, which exclude the deformation of these panels and pulling out the jumpers from the panels when filling the cavity between the panels with concrete.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the corner jumper for fixed formwork for the manufacture of concrete walls, containing a supporting element in the form of a L-shaped plate designed to be placed in the body of the outer corner panel of the fixed formwork in its corner zone, while the end parts of G- shaped plates are interconnected by a connecting element connected to the parts of the L-shaped plate by cross members, the connecting plate is made L-shaped with the direction of the top of its right angle in side of the right angle of the support element, wherein the L-shaped connecting plate in the area of its right angle is strengthened by an amplifying element in the form of a L-shaped plate, the ends of which are connected to the parts of the connecting plate and whose right angle is directed to the side opposite to the direction of the vertex of the right angle the connecting plate, the vertices of all right angles lie on the common bisector, and the surfaces of all the plates are located in the vertical direction.

These features are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The utility model is illustrated by a concrete example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result with the given set of features.

In FIG. 1 shows the layout of the elements of fixed formwork for the manufacture of the corner zone of the wall;

FIG. 2 - a general view of the reinforcing element in the form of a corner;

FIG. 3 - presents a General view of fixed formwork for the manufacture of the corner zone of the wall.

According to this utility model, an example of the execution of fixed formwork for the execution of corner wall structures that can occur during the construction of walls according to floor plans is considered. This example is a typical set of prefabricated structures that allow, as is the case in designers, to assemble formwork for pouring concrete. After filling the formwork cavity with concrete and hardening of the last wall of the formwork, they are not removed, but remain connected with the concrete wall both on the outer and inner sides of the wall. These formwork walls are made in the form of panels of high density foam (for example, preferably polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam or expanded polystyrene with flame retardants, etc.) and are molded flat polymer blocks with some bearing capacity and good heat and sound insulating qualities. In addition, such panels are used as ready-made base surfaces for wall decoration and for fixing curtain walls, decorative panels, for cutting recesses, forming channels for network and power cables, etc.

Fixed formwork for the manufacture of direct concrete walls contains two panels 1 located parallel to each other at a distance from each other, each having an inner 2 and an outer 3 surface. Such panels are layers, thick plates or flattened parallelepiped-shaped blocks having both flat inner and outer surfaces, and made with corrugations, protrusions and other elements that can be formed both on the inner and outer surfaces of each block. On the inner surface, such flatness and protrusions can provide increased adhesion to concrete or the elimination of the displacement of blocks relative to a frozen concrete wall. On the end surfaces of such panels, elements of the locking devices 4 can be formed in the form of protrusions and grooves. This allows you to clearly position one block relative to the adjacent or adjacent or on top of the stacked. Such engagement of panels joined to each other allows to exclude operations to control flatness in a row of laying walls of the formwork and to exclude relative displacements of the panels. The design of such locking devices in the framework of this utility model is not considered in view of the fact that any of the known devices such as "protrusion-recess", "groove-comb", "father-mother", etc., using the principle of engagement, can be applied to panels. The main thing is that such locking devices are available in the panel.

At the same time, it is possible to design panels without locking devices, that is, with flat end surfaces. For such an example, additional devices should be used that will ensure that the panels from displacement from the external or internal walls of the formwork.

According to the considered example of the execution of the straight part of the wall (Fig. 1), panels 1 (panels with flat rectilinear surfaces) are used, which form a three-dimensional spatial structure in which these panels are parallel to one another, at a distance from each other (equal to the thickness of the future wall) and facing each other with inner surfaces.

To keep such panels in a predetermined position and at a guaranteed set distance from each other, jumpers 2 made of a polymeric material are used (high density polyethylene with flame retardant, although polypropylene, polystyrene, and other acceptable polymers with flame retardant can be used) located vertically between the panels and at a distance from each other. These jumpers are power elements that keep the panels from moving and deforming when the formwork cavity is filled with concrete (the end parts of the jumpers are molded into the indicated panels) and are transverse reinforcement in concrete and laying and positioning elements for reinforcing concrete wall structure reinforcement elements (reinforcing profile, rods , wire, mesh, pipes, etc.).

Such jumpers are located from each other along the length of the panels at a given distance, which is selected from the indicators of the spatial stiffness of the panels, taking into account the pressure that the concrete can exert. By design, the lintels are all the same and each jumper is a frame having two horizontally arranged sides of the rod type in the form of a cross member and two end parts arranged vertically and connecting the cross members to each other. Thus, one of the cross-pieces is located in the upper part of the panel, and the other of the cross-pieces is in the lower part of the panel, leaving the central zone empty.

In FIG. 1 shows a fixed formwork for the manufacture of concrete walls in the corner zone. This formwork allows you to form a right angle to the wall. The design of the panels and jumpers in this embodiment is the same as described previously. But the panels themselves are each L-shaped. In each such panel, one part of it is located at right angles to the other part of the panel. Both parts are as if embedded in each other, while maintaining the principle of providing the cavity with a width equal to the thickness of the wall, as shown in FIG. 1 and 3. The parallel parts of the panels are interconnected by means of jumpers 2. A feature of such a formwork block is that both panels are placed at a distance from each other with the bisector line of the right angle of one panel on the continuation of the bisector line of the right angle of the other panel, the outer surface of one panel faces the inner surface of the other panel.

Another feature of this formwork block is that the panel in the right angle zone in the region of the cavity to be filled with concrete is reinforced with an angular reinforcing element 3 made in the form of an angular element - an angular jumper formed by two interconnected and located at a distance from each other G -shaped plates 4 and 5, molded in the right angle zone into the panel with the location of one plate 5 on the inner surface of the panel or flush with it, and another plate 4 inside the panel at its outer surface or on the outer surface of the panel flush with it (Fig. 3). Such an reinforcing element, fixed with its plates in the panel body, by analogy with the fixing of the end parts of the jumpers in the panel body, allows you to keep the angle in the connection zone of the panel parts from deformation. Such an angular reinforcing element from the side of the internally located plate 5 also carries reinforcing elements in the form of a small frame 6, which is molded into concrete.

In the General case, the corner jumper for fixed formwork for the manufacture of concrete walls contains a supporting element in the form of a L-shaped plate, designed to be placed in the body of the outer corner panel of the fixed formwork in its corner zone. The end parts of the L-shaped plate are interconnected by a connecting element connected to the parts of the L-shaped plate by cross members. The connecting plate is L-shaped with the direction of the top of its right angle toward the right angle of the support element. The L-shaped connecting plate in the area of its right angle is strengthened by a reinforcing element in the form of a L-shaped plate, the ends of which are connected to the parts of the connecting plate and whose right angle is directed to the side opposite to the direction of the vertex of the right angle of the connecting plate. The vertices of all right angles lie on the common bisector, and the surfaces of all plates are located in the vertical direction.

With this design, a right angle is clearly formed at the concrete wall. Moreover, due to the reinforcing frame, made in the form of a L-shaped plate, the ends of which are connected to the parts of the connecting plate and the right angle of which is directed to the side opposite to the direction of the vertex of the right angle of the connecting plate, inside which the element of vertical reinforcement is passed, which in turn it is tied up with other elements reinforcing the concrete wall with a mesh, forms a reliable bond of the entire corner lintel in the concrete body, since the latter fills the cavity of the frame.

In the corners of the formwork during reinforcement, as a rule, vertical rods are passed, which are subsequently tied up with clamps along the walls forming the corner, which reinforces the angle. An external rod of vertical reinforcement is passed inside the connecting plate, which prevents the corner block from leaving the grooves during pouring. The use of a corner jumper allows you to not cross-align the entire corner to prevent the likelihood of formwork breaking during concrete pouring.

The presence of L-shaped plates forms a reliable bearing of the jumper both on the body of the formwork panels and on concrete. The concrete load on the outer panels of the corner formwork module is distributed on the surface of the L-shaped plates, which transfer this load in a distributed form (due to the large supporting surface of the plates) to the concrete body, relieving local loading. This eliminates the deformation of the panels of the angular formwork module when filling it with concrete.

This utility model is industrially applicable, as it can be manufactured using well-known technologies for creating permanent formwork from high density foam and lintels by injection molding or molding from a polymer material.

Claims (1)

Corner jumper for fixed formwork for the manufacture of concrete walls, containing a supporting element in the form of a L-shaped plate, designed to be placed in the body of the outer corner panel of a fixed formwork in its corner zone, while the end parts of the L-shaped plate are interconnected by a connecting element associated with the parts of the L-shaped form of the plate with cross-pieces, characterized in that the connecting element is made in the form of a plate of a L-shaped form with the direction of the vertex of its right angle in the direction of the right angle a support element, wherein the L-shaped connecting plate in the area of its right angle is strengthened by an amplifying element in the form of a L-shaped plate, the ends of which are connected to the parts of the connecting plate and whose right angle is directed to the opposite direction of the vertex of the right angle of the connecting plate, the vertex all right angles lie on the common bisector, and the surfaces of all plates are located in the vertical direction.