RU143521U1 - DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING CASTER OIL OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IN HEATED PRESET CONDITION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a pre-heated state, comprising a crankcase and heating means connected to a power source installed on its walls, characterized in that it is equipped with a temperature sensor monitoring and control unit, including: an ambient temperature sensor installed outside the engine, an oil temperature sensor in the crankcase mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan of the oil pan, and temperature sensors for flexible heating elements located inside the heating means, made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of dacron threads with a resistive dusting of silver placed decentralized, i.e. with offset.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for facilitating the starting of an internal combustion engine and is intended for preheating of oil.

A device is known for prestarting heating of engine oil of internal combustion engines, comprising an electric heating element enclosed in an oil drain plug of a sump and a thermal relay controlling an actuator in the form of contacts and light signaling (SU 259554, published 01.01.1970).

A disadvantage of the known device is the presence of electrical contacts in the temperature controller, which have low reliability and limited service life, when using a heating element (tubular heating element) creates a temperature and viscosity unevenness of oil heating.

A device for heating the fuel of an internal combustion engine containing a fuel intake pipe, filters, a fuel tank and self-regulating heating semiconductor elements (posistors), one of which is mounted on a fuel intake pipe, and the other on filters (patent RU 2093373, publ. 20.10.1997).

A disadvantage of the known device is its low efficiency due to incomplete selection of heat from self-regulating heating semiconductor elements (posistors) when placed on the outside of the housing. In addition, when it is used to warm the oil, a high temperature and viscosity unevenness of heating will be created.

There is also known a device for preheating oil of internal combustion engines (patent RU No. 2136905, class F01M 5/02, publ. 09/10/1999) containing an electric heater mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan of the crankcase, the central insulated potential electrode of which is connected with a longitudinal radiator placed in oil, and electrically through a switch with a power source, mainly a rechargeable battery. The radiator is made in the form of a longitudinally, diametrically cut finned cylindrical rod, the parts of which are rigidly connected to each other through the heating elements placed between them, and the sump is enclosed in a thermostated casing with an air gap.

This device is characterized by the following disadvantages. Large thermal inertia due to the presence of massive metal structures in the heating zone (highways, oil intake with a grid), which is heated for a long time by convective heat, absorbing it with a running oil pump, which reduces the heating efficiency and makes it difficult to lubricate ICE at starting conditions at low negative temperatures.

In the event of a burnout of the heating element, the heating device is not repairable and has low functional reliability during operation.

A device is known for facilitating the electric start-up of an internal combustion engine (patent RU No. 2140546, class F01M 5/02, F02N 1/08 publ. 10/27/1999) containing, located inside the crankcase and mounted on its wall, heating means associated with the source power supply and comprising a housing, a heating means containing self-regulating heating semiconductor elements, a spring contact for communication with a power source with protruding sections and a plate insulator, the housing is made in the form of a metal plate, one overhnost which is directly adjacent to the inner surface of the casing wall, and on the opposite surface thereof recesses for placement of self-regulating heating the semiconductor elements, the insulator plate is mounted on a spring contact with an adjustable preloaded enable its protruding portions to self-regulating heating the semiconductor elements. The device provides starting at low ambient temperatures, eliminating oil starvation of the engine.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of using self-regulating heating semiconductor elements due to the small one-sided heat transfer from them. The device does not provide uniform heating of the oil due to the impossibility of organizing its normal circulation. In the event of a burnout of the heating element, the heating device is not repairable and has low functional reliability during operation.

The closest technical solution that can be taken as a prototype is a device for preheating crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine (patent RU No. 121864, class F01M 5/02, publ. 10.11.2012) containing a crankcase and mounted on it the wall heating means associated with the power source, the heating elements for heating the crankcase oil are made of dacron threads with a resistive coating of silver and placed on the outer side forming cylindrical recesses of the bottom of the oil pan oh at least 5 diameters, arranged decentrally with heating elements.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the use of heating elements due to the small local heat transfer from them. The device does not provide uniform heating of the oil due to the impossibility of organizing its normal circulation.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a warmed-up starting state with high functional reliability, the ability to adaptively control the heating of crankcase oil depending on the outside ambient temperature. This will reduce the temperature and viscosity unevenness of the heated oil and increase the efficiency of the use of heating elements made in the form of electrically heated mats placed on the outer side generators of the outer side of the oil pan; flexible heating elements are located in a decentralized manner, i.e. with offset, which allows you to connect them stepwise, by increasing the heat transfer surface.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a warmed-up starting state, comprising a crankcase and heating means mounted on its walls, connected to a power source and made in the form of electrically heated mats placed on the outer side and bottom forming the outer side engine oil pan, flexible heating elements are decentralized, i.e. with offset, which allows you to connect them stepwise.

This object is achieved in that the device for maintaining crankcase oil of the internal combustion engine in a warmed-up prestart condition, comprises a crankcase and heating means installed on its walls connected with a power source, equipped with a control unit for controlling temperature sensors, including: an ambient temperature sensor, installed outside the engine, an oil temperature sensor in the crankcase mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan and temperature sensors flexible on revatelnyh elements disposed within the heating means, made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of lavsan resistive yarns coated with silver placed decentralized, i.e. with offset.

Electrically heated mats for protection are made of water- and frost-resistant material, which provides elasticity of the heat-fiber material with an integrated system of thermal control and thermal shut-off. Heating mats provide for the possibility of regulating the heat input to the crankcase of an internal combustion engine in order to avoid general and local overheating of oil in the crankcase. The oil temperature sensor in the crankcase mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan of the crankcase monitors the heating temperature in the crankcase no higher than 70 ° C.

The use of electrically heated mats, with the temperature sensors of flexible heating elements placed, allows you to stepwise control the heat transfer of the heated mats depending on the ambient temperature. This provides a more efficient heating of the oil in the crankcase, while the oil heated in the crankcase, due to the larger contact surface with flexible heating elements, warms up faster. The maximum temperature of a flexible electric heater made in the form of electrically heated mats does not exceed 180 ° C, and in case of burnout of the electric wire in the heated mat, it does not ignite, which increases the fire and explosion safety of the device as a whole.

To improve the heating of the oil, the heating elements can be connected stepwise and in groups, depending on the ambient temperature, which significantly reduces the energy consumption for heating the oil in the engine crankcase to a predetermined temperature and allows the maximum use of the thermal energy of the electrically heated mats to heat the oil in the crankcase, those. increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Since the efficiency of heating elements is close to 99%, heaters differ from traditional ones in low power consumption.

The time for heating the oil depends on the ambient temperature and the viscosity of the oil, the volume of oil, as well as the number of heating elements installed on the pallet. So, for example, with an oil volume of 10 liters and when 5 heated mats are installed in a pan, the time for heating the oil to zero temperature at an ambient temperature of minus 20 ° C is 20 minutes, and the time for heating the oil in the crankcase to 70 ° C is 2 hours.

Therefore, the claimed utility model meets the requirements of novelty.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing of figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3.

A device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a heated pre-start state includes (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) a sump 1, flexible heating elements 2, made in the form of electrically heated mats placed on the outer side and lower planes of the sump 1 heating elements 2 located decentralized, which allows you to connect them stepwise and in groups.

The power supply is connected to the flexible heating elements 2 through the terminals isolated from the ground (not shown in the figure). Thus, each of the terminals is isolated from the “mass” and does not depend on one another, i.e. each block (group) of heating mats receives power only through its own dedicated terminal, independent of the terminal of another heating element.

From the outer surface, the flexible heating elements 2 are closed by a heat-insulating casing 3, which is rigidly bolted to the shell of the sump pan 1, made of dense material.

On the outside of the heat-insulating casing 3 there is a connector 4, which allows to supply power to the flexible heating elements 2, both from the vehicle's on-board network and from an external 220 V network (not shown in Fig. 1).

The device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a heated pre-start condition is equipped with a control and control unit 5 temperature sensors, including: an ambient temperature sensor 6, an oil temperature sensor in the crankcase 7 mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan and temperature sensors of flexible heating elements 8, placed inside a multilayer electrically heated mats 2 (figure 2), made of dacron threads with a resistive coating of silver, which Allows you to connect them in stages, depending on the readings of the ambient temperature sensor 6.

Electrically heated mats are made of four layers located in the following sequence (from top to bottom) in accordance with figure 3:

- the first layer 9 - is intended for intensive heat transfer to the sump 1 of the crankcase (figure 1);

the second layer 10 is a layer with placed heating elements, which can be connected stepwise and in groups, as well as with temperature sensors of flexible heating elements 8;

the third layer 11 is a protective insulating layer;

fourth layer 12 - a reflective layer is placed on the back of the heated mat.

The properties of each of the layers of electrically heated mat in the aggregate can provide the claimed technical result.

A device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a heated prestart condition works as follows.

When voltage is applied to the terminals isolated from the ground (not shown in the figure), electric current passes through the flexible heating elements 2 located in the heated mat, they are heated to the calculated temperature, thereby heating element 2 generates heat to heat the oil in the oil pan 1 (figure 1, figure 2).

In the oil pan 1, the oil is heated and under the influence of gravitational forces oil is bubbled (mixed), the newly incoming cold oil is lowered to the bottom of the crankcase 1, where it is heated and rises, so the oil heating cycle is repeated. Heated on the lateral and lower planes of the oil pan 1 with a flexible heating element 2, the oil flows in portions into the central part of the oil pan 1, ensuring a constant oil temperature.

Multilayer electrically heated mats 2, located on the inner side surfaces, provide maintenance of the set temperature inside the crankcase 1, depending on the ambient temperature.

Sensors 6, 7 constantly monitor the ambient temperature and oil temperature in the crankcase of the engine 1. At an ambient temperature within the comfortable range, the sensor 7 is turned off and only the sensor 6, which controls the ambient temperature, works. In this case, the control unit 5 sends a signal or a command to turn off the heating element 2, if it was previously turned on. When the ambient temperature drops below a comfortable temperature, both sensors 6 and 8 work, and the oil temperature directly in the crankcase is controlled by sensor 7. When the oil temperature in the crankcase 1 of the engine is below a predetermined critical point, a signal or command is generated from the sensor 7 to activate and control 5 heating element 2. After warming the oil in the engine crankcase 1 to the set temperature, the sensor 7 generates a signal in the control and control unit 5, which sends a command to turn off the heating element 2.

Depending on the ambient temperature (readings of sensor 6), heating elements 2 are connected on the lower or lateral planes of the oil pan 1 of the crankcase.

The placement of flexible heating elements 2 over the entire cross section of the oil pan 1 reduces the temperature and viscosity unevenness of oil heating to a minimum. Moreover, each flexible heating element 2 provides a change in the temperature of the oil in its area of placement, while the temperature sensors of the flexible heating elements 8, located inside the multilayer electrically heated mats 2 (Fig. 3), allow them to be connected in steps, depending on the readings of the ambient temperature sensor environment 6, adjusting the heat flux to the pan 1 of the crankcase.

Due to the mixing of oil under the influence of gravitational forces (thermal pressure), the probability of oil overheating is completely eliminated. In addition, the use of local heating of oil on the side surfaces and on the bottom of the crankcase 1 increases the efficiency of the heat generated by the heated mats 2 by increasing the area of the heat-absorbing surface.

Thus, the proposed device allows to reduce the temperature and viscosity unevenness of the heating of the oil and increase the efficiency of using flexible heating elements 2 due to the effective heat transfer from them and increase the heat transfer surface.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed device lies in the fact that the use of electrically heated mats with temperature sensors of flexible heating elements 8 located inside the multilayer electrically heated mats 2 (Fig. 3) allows you to connect them stepwise, depending on the readings of the ambient temperature sensor 6 .

This design allows you to provide better thermal contact between the two environments and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the device to maintain crankcase oil of the internal combustion engine in a pre-heated state.

Improving the efficiency of the device for maintaining crankcase oil of the internal combustion engine in a pre-heated state is achieved by the fact that the design uses a control unit for temperature sensors, including: an ambient temperature sensor, an oil temperature sensor in the engine crankcase mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan and temperature sensors of flexible heating elements located inside multilayer electrically heated mats made of dacron threads with resistive sputtering of silver placed decentralized, i.e. with offset, which allows you to connect them stepwise, depending on the readings of the ambient temperature sensor.

A more complete and efficient use of the heat generated by the flexible heating elements 2 is achieved, depending on the ambient temperature, the economic and environmental characteristics of the device for maintaining crankcase oil of the internal combustion engine in a preheated state as a whole are improved.

Effect: quick and reliable starting of the engine, as well as a more complete and efficient use of the heat generated by the flexible heating elements, the efficiency of the device for maintaining crankcase oil of the internal combustion engine in a preheated state is increased.

Claims (1)

A device for maintaining crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine in a pre-heated state, comprising a crankcase and heating means connected to a power source installed on its walls, characterized in that it is equipped with a temperature sensor monitoring and control unit, including: an ambient temperature sensor installed outside the engine, an oil temperature sensor in the crankcase mounted in the drain plug of the oil pan of the oil pan, and temperature sensors for flexible heating elements located inside the heating means, made in the form of multilayer electrically heated mats made of dacron threads with a resistive dusting of silver placed decentralized, i.e. with offset.