RU143310U1 - DISPLAY AND HEATING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The air pumping and heating unit, comprising a housing with an air inlet and outlet for air flow, a fan and a heating unit located in the housing using supporting fixtures, and comprising a plurality of spiral elements electrically connected in series, the ends of which are fixed to the screws tightening the insulators placed on axially extended supporting plates, characterized in that the block is a heating unit and a centrifugal type fan installed one after the other on the same axis, having a skin x in the form of a “snail” and an inlet in the form of a confuser, corresponding to the outlet of the heating unit, which is the end part of the shell of the heating unit, located horizontally close to the fan casing, in which the internal assembly of axially extended supporting elements is attached to it with holders plates with aerial windows at the location of the central part of each of the sections of the spiral element. 2. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal node of the axially extended support plates is formed into a polyhedron-shaped figure. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the input and output parts of the internal assembly along the path of the air flow at the ends along its periphery are made integral, not separate, in the form of hollow flattened rings and serve as a support for the holders of the internal assembly to the shell of the heating assembly. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that a dielectric plate is placed at the outlet of the shell of the heating unit along the air flow, electrically separating the heater and the fan and attached �

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of electric heating equipment, mainly electric vehicles, house cars, etc., as well as to the component part of the equipment of the air-curtains of doorways of salons and vestibules of cars and other similar rooms.

Known designs of devices for heating air, using in their composition heaters and centrifugal fans. This is one group of air heaters.

In USSR author's certificate No. 750133, a centrifugal fan is described, comprising a housing divided by a partition into two halves, each of which contains a suction and discharge nozzles; double-suction impeller and heat pipes installed in a housing with a radial clearance. The latter as a result of improvements of the inventors are located on special annular ribs that are installed in the same radial clearance coaxially with the impeller.

For use in thermal curtains, which require a powerful, well-formed air flow with high excess pressure, this device is of little use. The heat pipes and radiators installed at the air outlet from the fan, in which they are installed, create high aerodynamic drag and significantly impair the pressure characteristics of the air stream leaving the fan.

In the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2050473, a centrifugal fan contains a housing with a discharge pipe, an impeller and electric heating elements installed in the housing, as well as an outlet duct. In this case, the electric heating elements are made in the form of plates installed by packages along the stream in the duct.

Here, the formation of an air flow is also hindered by electric heating plates that create large aerodynamic drag at the air outlet from the fan.

In addition, the disadvantage of this group of analogues is the inertia of the devices due to the use of plate packs or heat pipes as heaters, which does not allow the use of such heaters where inertia as a characteristic is extremely important, for example, in quickly turning on and off air-heat the curtains of electric vehicles, since the heating time and cooling time of the described heaters are significantly longer than the time for which the doors of the car open when the electric vehicle is stopped go means.

Technical solutions are also known in which the designs of air heaters for electric vehicles with spiral heating elements are presented. This is another group of air heating devices: USSR author's certificate No. 544840 "Electroheater for heating air", RF patents for inventions No. 1477994, No. 2008574 and utility model No. 56988.

Of particular interest are the heaters developed by the Etna NPF, described in RF patents for inventions No. 2343364, No. 2376156.

In all solutions of the second group of modern heaters with the presence of spiral heating elements, an axial type fan, an input port for supplying voltage, support-fixing and insulating elements are used. The aforementioned analogues are intended for heating the electric vehicle cabin, with the exception of the technical solution in patent No. 2343364, which describes a device for heating the driver's cab with similar features.

The drawbacks of the most recent specified analogues are that, providing efficient heating of volumes inside the premises, including electric vehicles, some other close practical tasks ”arising in the same electric vehicles, they also could not solve effectively, for example, due to failure to achieve high rate of forcing high-pressure flow of heated air, because the air flow formed by them has a relatively low speed and low overpressure.

As the closest analogue, an air heating device developed by the Etna NPF (RF patent for invention No. 2345908) was selected. It contains a hollow body with air inlet and outlet and a heating element and a fan placed in it using fastening fittings. The heating element, as a rule, is a spiral-shaped element assembled and laid on a support along the body. The axial type fan includes an electric motor placed in its shell and an impeller carried out behind it. The air heating device comprises a metal cylindrical detachable casing installed between the housing and the motor shell, coaxially mounted to the shell. The device contains plates elongated in the housing with holes along their length. The spiral-shaped heating element is formed of parallel sections of spirals oriented parallel to each other between adjacent plates and electrically connected in series, the ends of which are fixed to screws tightening the insulators.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is that despite the high performance of the device in terms of size - compactness and reduced weight, as well as its inertia, the use of the device is limited to efficient heating of rooms, primarily electric transport salons, and does not allow it to be used effectively for solving other close tasks in the same cars, where a high rate of forcing a high-pressure flow of heated air is required, for example, in the form of components in air curtains, where rebuetsya, including, and heating. This is also due to the fact that the air at the outlet of these devices has a relatively low speed and a slight overpressure.

The objective of the claimed is to expand the functionality of the unit for injection and heating of air (BNNV) by obtaining a high rate of forcing high-pressure flow of heated air while maintaining the compactness and inertia of the device.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the BNNV, comprising a housing with air inlet and outlet, a fan and a heating unit, housed in the housing with support and mounting fittings, includes electrically connected in series sections of spiral elements, the ends of which are fixed to screws, tightening insulators placed on axially extended supporting plates, is a heating unit and a centrifugal type fan installed one after the other on one axis, I have a casing in the form of a “snail” and an inlet in the form of a confuser corresponding to the outlet of the heating unit, which is the end part of the shell of the heating unit, which is located horizontally close to the fan casing, into which an axially extended internal assembly is attached with holders support plates with aerial windows in the location of the Central part of each of the sections of the spiral element.

The BNNV is also claimed in which an internal assembly of axially extended support plates is formed into a polyhedron-shaped figure.

In addition, the BNNV is patented, in which the input and output parts of the internal assembly along the path of the air flow at the ends along its periphery are made integral, undivided, in the form of hollow flattened rings and serve as a support for the holders of the internal assembly to the shell of the heating assembly.

The BNNV is also claimed in which a dielectric plate is placed at the outlet of the shell of the heating unit along the air flow, electrically separating the heater and the fan and mounted on a supporting frame plate, firmly mounted and extended in the longitudinal as well as transverse directions inside the housing, with an opening matching with the outlet shell of the heater and fan confuser tightly adjacent to it.

In addition, the BNNV is claimed in which the sections of the spiral elements are laid out in the form of polygons sequentially in the frontal plane in azimuth, and in the axial direction they follow in parallel rows one after another.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is not limited to obtaining both an inertia-free and compact heater, the dimensions of which allow it to be placed in any smallest free space in the near-ceiling area of an electric transport car, near the doorway and above it, entering its location in the space next to the door opening mechanism. This solves the problem of placing these units in contrast to the operation parameters of air heating devices with similar dimensions, which are significantly larger, of other manufacturers. Small dimensions are achieved by choosing the type of fan and its orientation relative to the heating unit in the housing of the claimed device, as well as by installing the fan in a selected place.

The inventive design of the discharge and heating unit has a high rate of forcing a high-pressure stream of heated air, which expands the possibility of its use, primarily as a source of heated air with high excess pressure, in particular for thermal curtains of doorways of electric vehicles.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated using the drawings of FIG. 1-fig. 5, on which are presented:

FIG. 1 - General view of the claimed device,

FIG. 2 - view from the side of the fan - the claimed device without a housing,

FIG. 3 is a part of the claimed device, without a heating unit, a cross-sectional view;

FIG. 4 - the inventive device in cross section;

FIG. 5 - modification of the internal node of the heating unit;

FIG. 6 - modification of the heating unit of the claimed device.

In all of FIG. positions 1-30 are indicated:

1 - housing;

2 - air flow inlet;

3 - airflow output;

4 - a protective grid;

5 - output pipe;

6 - heating unit;

7 - fan;

8 - fan casing;

9 - an electric motor;

10 - impeller with blades;

11 - fan confuser;

12 - fan outlet;

13 - axially extended base plate;

14 - hole;

15 - shell of the heating unit;

16 - fastener according to the type of "foot";

17 - hole in the "foot";

18 - plot of the spiral element;

19 - insulator;

20 - screw;

21 - holder;

22 - thermal fuse;

23 - hairpin (rod);

24 - supporting frame element;

25 - dielectric plate;

26 - input port for voltage supply;

27 - protective cover of the input port;

28 - grounding bolt;

29 - a clamp;

30 - profiled holder.

The inventive device for heating the air (Fig. 1, 2) includes a number of elements and assemblies placed in the housing 1 with the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 of the air flow, a number of insulating parts and supporting and mounting fittings in the form of screws, plates and other fasteners. A protective mesh 4 is installed on the input side of the housing 1, on the output side of the housing 3 on the outlet pipe 5. The main elements of the inventive device are installed on the input side of the housing 2 heating unit 6 and on the output side of the housing 3 housing 1 fan 7, placed to the output the wall of the housing 1. The last (Fig. 3) is selected centrifugal type and contains placed in a spiral - in the form of a "snail" casing 8 electric motor 9 and the impeller with blades 10. The fan 7 has an inlet in the form of a confuser 11 - design, inverse of the diffuser, koto Single channel portion is frustoconical. In the zone of location of the confuser 11, the dynamic pressure in the direction of air flow increases, the static pressure decreases, due to which there is a smooth narrowing and acceleration of the air flow sucked in by the fan 7. In the latter there is an outlet 12 corresponding to the hole in the wall - the outlet 3 of the housing 1 and paired with it. The fan 7 is located after the heating unit 6 on the same axis with it. In this case, the confuser 11 of the fan 7 corresponds to the outlet of the heating unit 6.

The structural differences of the claimed device from the closest analogue affect the special formation of the air flow along its entire path in the housing 1 and, in particular, on the sections of the heating unit 6, especially inside the zone formed from axially extended support plates 13 with holes 14. An external element for the formation of the air flow in the area of the heating unit 6 is a shell 15 of the heating unit 6, made integral and having fasteners on the outside of the type of "legs" 16 with holes 17 for fixing the shell 15 of the heating unit 6 inside the housing 1 and thermal fuses 22, providing power off of the heating unit 6 in maximum heating mode to avoid overheating.

The outlet of the heating unit 6 is the outlet of the shell 15 of the heating unit 6, which is tightly and directly connected to the confuser 11 of the fan 7. In the shell 15 of the heating unit 6 is placed the inner part of the heating unit 6, made in the form of electrically connected in series sections of the spiral elements 18, the ends which are fixed on the screws 20, tightening the insulators 19. United around the circumference (in azimuth) in the frontal plane of the sections of the spiral heating elements 18 form gougolniki that axially inside the shell 1 are arranged one behind the other in parallel rows. Ceramic insulators are located on axially extended support plates 13. Almost all of the air flow created by the fan 7 is directed to heat removal from the sections of the spiral elements 18 (see Fig. 4).

Axially extended support plates 13 form an internal assembly in the heating unit 6. In this case, axially extended support plates 13 are stacked with the possibility of formation of air windows between them at the location of the central part of each of the sections of the spiral element 18. The internal assembly is fastened to the shell 15 of the heating assembly 6 using holders 21. In the particular case, as shown in FIG. . 5, the inner assembly is shaped into an elongated polyhedron. The holders 21 of the internal assembly represent thick-walled metal rectangular plates extending from the polyhedron to the sides, which can be technologically integral with; a group of axially extended support plates 13, because so (at the same time) technologically made with them. In another particular case (see Fig. 6), the holders 21 represent integral, unseparated hollow flattened rings located in the input and output parts of the polyhedron along the path of the air flow at the ends along its periphery, made of thick-walled metal, and on which the internal assembly is fixed using fasteners, for example, rods or pins 23, made of thick-walled metal and placed radially from the outer surface of the flattened ring-shaped holders to the inner surface of gull 15 of the heater assembly 6 with access through them.

An important structural element (Fig. 4) is the frame, consisting of the walls of the housing 1 and the supporting frame element 24, which can be made, as a rule, in the form of a solid plate, practically overlapping the housing 1 of the claimed device in the longitudinal and transverse directions, or in the form supporting racks resting on the bottom of the housing 1, with a hole in the Central part under the shell 15 of the heating unit 6. On the supporting frame element 24 is fixed a dielectric plate 25 located at the outlet of the shell 15 of the heater node 6 along the air stream.

In this case, the most appropriate placement of the heating unit 6 and the fan 7 is achieved, which allows to achieve the maximum concentration of the generated heat power in the proposed device; to provide thermal protection of doorways due to the forcing of a high-pressure flow of heated air.

On the housing 1 from the outer side on the wall are located: an input port for supplying voltage 26, a protective cover for it 27 and an earthing bolt 28. To fix the walls of the housing 1 around the perimeter there are rivets 29 (Fig. 1). In the particular case, on the case 1, on the outside of the upper wall, profiled holders 30 can be placed for fastening inside the car in the ceiling area on the provided support with the possibility of mutual matching of the shapes of the profiled holder 30 and the provided support (Fig. 3). the work of the claimed device is as follows.

When a device of this design is included in the power supply circuit of a vehicle (tram, trolleybus, electric train cars, etc.), an alternating voltage of 220 or 380 V is supplied to the power supply inputs of fan 7 by a door open signal through an input port 26; in winter time (at ambient temperatures below minus 15 ° С) a voltage (constant or variable for different types of electric vehicles) is also supplied to the power inputs of the heating unit 6. Air enters the device 2 from the premises of the car in the apparatus body 1 through the hole 4 with a protective grid.

By rotating the impeller with blades 10 of the fan 7, the electric motor 9 provides the creation of air discharge in the heating unit 6, in connection with which the air flow comes from the zone with high pressure outside the housing 1 to the zone with lower pressure through the inlet 2 of the housing 1. Next, the air flow, passed through sections of the spiral element 18, heats up and enters the fan 7 through the confuser 11, after which it becomes more dense. Under the action of the impeller with blades 10 of the fan 7, the air flow changes its direction of motion by 90 ° and through the outlet 12 of the fan 7, coupled with the output 3 in the wall of the housing 1 goes further outside the inventive device, for example, into a distribution duct. By the signal of closing the doors of the vehicle, the fan 7 and the heating unit 6 are simultaneously turned off (the voltage to the input port 26 is cut off). The absence of a delay in the shutdown time used in similar devices with inertial heating units is necessary to prevent the possibility of overheating of sections of the heating unit 6 and does not complicate the control circuit of these devices.

Thermal fuses 22 are connected through the low-voltage leads of the device to the starting coil circuit of the vehicle’s contactor, supplying voltage to the sections of the spiral heating elements 18. When the voltage of the electric motor 9 is turned off, or when it fails, the temperature of the thermal fuse 22 rises above a critical value, the contacts of the thermal fuse 22 open the starting coil circuit of the contactor opens and the voltage supply to the heating unit 6 is stopped.

Example

Both private versions of the inventive device are tested at an industrial enterprise in Saratov. The device has reserves for operational parameters with a weight of 15 kg and can be recommended as an integral part in an air-thermal curtain.

The design of the device according to private options correspond to the general drawings attached to the application, since the drawings are taken from a set of working documentation.

Used materials for the manufacture of nodes:

GSSY superfechral (wire with a diameter of 0.8-1.0 mm, wound around a core with a diameter of 8-10 mm) - sections of spiral heating elements with a length of about 60 mm;

carbon structural steel grade 20 with a surface quality of group B - details of the internal node of the heating unit;

carbon steel according to GOST 16523-97 - body.

Claims (5)

1. The air pumping and heating unit, comprising a housing with an air inlet and outlet for air flow, a fan and a heating unit located in the housing using supporting fixtures, and comprising a plurality of spiral elements electrically connected in series, the ends of which are fixed to the screws tightening the insulators placed on axially extended supporting plates, characterized in that the block is a heating unit and a centrifugal type fan installed one after the other on the same axis, having a skin x in the form of a “snail” and an inlet in the form of a confuser, corresponding to the outlet of the heating unit, which is the end part of the shell of the heating unit, which is located horizontally close to the fan casing, in which the internal assembly of axially extended supporting elements is attached to it with holders plates with aerial windows at the location of the central part of each of the sections of the spiral element. 2. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal node of the axially extended support plates is formed into a polyhedron-shaped figure. 3. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the input and output parts of the internal assembly along the path of the air flow at the ends along its periphery are made integral, undivided, in the form of hollow flattened rings and serve as a support for holders of the internal assembly to the shell of the heating assembly. 4. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that at the outlet of the shell of the heating unit along the air flow there is a dielectric plate that electrically separates the heater and fan and is mounted on a supporting frame plate, firmly mounted and extended in the longitudinal as well as transverse inside case, with a hole matching the outlet openings of the heater shell and fan confuser tightly adjacent to it. 5. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections of the spiral elements are laid out sequentially in the frontal plane in azimuth in the form of polygons, and in the axial direction they follow in parallel rows one after another.