RU143303U1 - MICROWATER POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

Utility model Micro-whirlpool power plant (MVES) refers to renewable energy sources, in particular, to the water energy of small rivers, streams and full-flowing streams. Micro-whirlpool power plant is designed to generate electricity in order to meet the needs of coastal residential and non-residential premises, small enterprises, workshops, as well as lighting of adjacent territories and t. MVES presents a design capable of efficiently using the energy of the water of small rivers, canals and full-flowing streams in order to convert it into electrical energy suitable for use in domestic and industrial purposes. EFFECT: efficient use of water energy of small rivers, channels and full-flowing streams for generating electric energy through the use of a concentrator (confuser) of a water stream, creating a water level difference in a whirlpool, organizing an artificial whirlpool, using hydrodynamic profile blades and a multi-level magnetoelectric generator MMEG) with rotor-flywheels. The technical result from the application of the utility model consists in the uninterrupted generation of electricity, the engineering simplicity of the design, the relative cheapness of the manufacture and operation of MVES. The proposed utility model of MVES is quite technologically advanced in production and installation. The essence of the utility model. MVES contains: a concentrator (hereinafter referred to as confuser) of a water stream; rectilinear part of the confuser; cylindrical whirlpool concrete pipe; a concrete drain tray, and a drain tray on wide waterways is not provided; manual drive of the mechanical gate valve of the entrance to the rectilinear part of the confuser; concave bottom of a whirlpool concrete pipe; water discharge tray; mechanical valve with a manual actuator to discharge water into the tray; MMEG case with threaded fasteners; the shaft of the flywheel rotors of longline magnetoelectric generators (YMEG); coil windings; magnets (Nd Fe B); MMEG housing cover with threaded fasteners; flywheel rotor shaft bearings; overrunning clutch located between the shaft of the flywheel rotors and the flange of the shaft of the overrunning clutch; hydrodynamic profile flange shaft threaded fasteners of the flanges of the shaft of the freewheel coupling and the shaft of the blades of the hydrodynamic profile; inverter; lithium battery pack; axial drainage system with a diffuser located at the bottom of the water chamber. A positive effect is achieved due to: the direction of the tangent accelerated water flow into the concrete whirlpool pipe, in the upper part of which there is a turbine, the accelerated water flow in the whirlpool concrete pipe forms a whirlpool that rotates the turbine; concave shape of the bottom of the whirlpool concrete pipe, which helps to stabilize the water funnel and the rotational movement of the whirlpool; drainage of the water stream from the lower part of the whirlpool concrete pipe through a drainage system with a diffuser located tangentially to its lower part; application in the MMEG design with flywheel rotors for each tier, located one above the other and fixedly mounted on one shaft, with magnets (Nd Fe B) mounted on the outer surface of the flywheel rotors, which, in turn, are opposite the windings of the coils placed motionless on the MMEG case; ensuring uninterrupted supply of electricity to consumers during a temporary shutdown of a turbine is achieved by accumulating electricity in batteries with its subsequent transmission through an inverter to consumers. The design of the MVES allows you to build a cascade of these power plants on the waterways at a distance that provides a difference in the profile of the terrain from 0.8 m

Description

Utility model Micro-whirlpool power plant (MVES) refers to renewable energy sources, in particular, to the water energy of small rivers, streams and full-flowing streams. Micro-whirlpool power plant is designed to generate electricity in order to meet the needs of coastal residential and non-residential premises, small enterprises, workshops, as well as lighting of adjacent territories, etc. MVES presents a design capable of efficiently using the energy of the water of small rivers, canals and full-flowing streams to convert it into electricity suitable for use in domestic and industrial purposes. The invention of a hydroelectric power station on a circular flow of water is known, RF patent No. 2396392 dated 08/10/2010, comprising: water intake from a river; quick flow or pressure pipe; a spiral or annular tray directing the flow to the turbine and a generator connected to the turbine through any known reduction; the inlet pipe used to organize the hydro-ring; a threshold installed at the bottom of the annular tray and below the level of the inlet pipe; monorails, segmented surface drain located in front of the inlet; horizontal control valve; a container for collecting drain water, passing into the outlet pipe along the tangent body; a pylon installed in the center of the casing of the tray ring for mounting the axis of the rotor of a hydraulic turbine or electric current generator. The disadvantage of this invention is the complexity of the design of the inlet and outlet of the water stream, a multiplier is provided between the generator and the hydraulic turbine, which reduces the efficiency of electricity generation by 20% -25%, the presence of a horizontal control valve along the external side arc complicates the design, in addition, the method is not indicated in the description control this valve. The absence of a protective mesh at the inlet pipe makes the pressure pipe, spiral or ring tray vulnerable to clogging by large floating objects. The River Power Plant is known, patent for utility model BY 3403 U 2007.02.28, comprising a casing, a bypass channel — a water conduit with a water intake, a hydraulic unit including a hydraulic turbine with bearings-bearings kinematically connected with an electric generator, a drain line, a cylindrical-shaped power station building, mounted vertically, a hydraulic accumulator in the form of a hollow cone, conjugated by a large base with a hollow closed sphere, while the conduit contains at least two cylindrical highways coupled to nozzles are elliptical in shape and tapering in a gentle exponent, and the nozzles are arranged concentrically along the body and are located tangentially vertically with a larger elliptical axis. The main disadvantage of this design is its complexity, and obviously there are difficulties in operation and the high cost of this design in production. Known invention, RU 2447229 from 11/12/2010, hydroelectric power station with forced acceleration of the flow. In fact, this is a hydroelectric power station on a water stream in closed reservoir tanks with natural and artificial water pressure, containing the vortex parts of the basin and the central neck of the water outlet, characterized in that the cylindrical basin in which the water stream is forced to disperse in a horizontal plane contains along the axis flow on the one hand is an accelerating device, and on the other hand is a flow divider, in the edge of which the axis of the horizontal rotation turbine is fixed, and the gearbox and generator are outside the pool, except On the sides of the stream there are oval-shaped abutments, their shape contributing to the formation of two whirlpools around the abutments and along the side walls of the pool, directing the flow again under the stream of booster devices. The disadvantage of this invention is the design complexity, which creates certain difficulties in the manufacture, installation and operation. A utility model is known, patent RU 83545 U1 dated 06/10/2009 A low-pressure orthogonal turbine containing a rotor with wing-shaped blades mounted across a flow chamber having at least one transverse protrusion, the upper face adjoining with a gap to the surface of a cylinder swept by the blades, while the lateral side of the transverse protrusion facing the inlet of the flow chamber is made concave in cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor. The disadvantage of this utility model is the low speed, which does not allow to obtain sufficient power generated electricity at a water flow rate of less than 1.0 m / s. A utility model is also known, patent RU 23652 U1 dated 06/27/2002, a Hydroturbine, comprising: an impeller with blades; guide vane; a flow control system including a regulator connected in series with the flow; a turbine chamber and a spiral supply, which are equipped with an additional guide apparatus; a regulating body made in the form of two flow controllers consisting of straight gratings of cylindrical rotary blades, the turbine chamber is provided with a partition rigidly connected to its side surfaces, forming two internal cavities for supplying liquid to the guiding devices located one above the other, each guiding device being made in the form of circular lattices of motionless blades. The disadvantage of this utility model is the complexity of the design, which requires production costs, which leads to an increased cost of a turbine. In addition, this turbine cannot generate enough electrical energy at a flow rate of less than 2 m / s. It should be noted that the speed of most lowland rivers in central Russia is in the range of 0.5 m / s-1.5 m / s. The invention of the Austrian inventor Franz Zotloterer (AEnergv.ru, http://www.zotloeterer.com/), a mini-hydroelectric power plant based on the principle of a whirlpool, containing a concrete cylinder to which water fits along a tangent to a concrete through a special direct-flow channel, is known. cylinder and, collapsing in the center in depth, forms a whirlpool that spins the turbine. This type of mini-hydroelectric power station is most optimal for power plants up to 150 kW. In order to eliminate negative environmental consequences during the construction of dam mini-hydroelectric power plants, the inventor proposed to divert part of the flow near the shore into a special channel, directing the flow of water past the dam. The main disadvantage of this invention is the fact that the rotational water flow in the concrete pipe and the rectilinear motion of the water flow entering tangentially into the concrete pipe meet at an angle of 60 ° -80 °, which leads to inhibition of the incoming water flow and reduce the efficiency of MVES. The absence of water valves does not allow you to effectively adjust the required level of water flow entering the concrete pipe. This invention is adopted as a prototype. The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability in electricity generation at a water flow rate of 0.5 m / s, increase the efficiency of electricity generation, simplify and reduce the cost of MVES design. The fulfillment of the stated objective of the proposed utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions: the reliability of the design is ensured by the use of a multi-tier magnetoelectric generator (MMEG), each tier being one tiered magnetoelectric generator (YMEG), which is connected to the electric network in parallel with other YMEG, therefore, when exiting by building one YMEG, the rest continue to generate electricity; YMEG rotors are made in the form of flywheels, which make it possible to generate electricity when the water flow is temporarily blocked by a mechanical valve at the entrance to the rectangular part of the confuser of the whirlpool concrete pipe; improving the efficiency of the utility model is ensured by: using a rectangular confuser in cross section and open at the top, allowing to increase the water flow rate by 2.5 or more times, which is tangentially fed to the entrance to the whirlpool chamber, which allows guaranteed generation of electricity at a water flow rate of entrance to the confuser from 0.5 m / s; using a curved guide installed at the entrance to the vortex concrete pipe left (right) along the water flow, which contributes to the smooth merging of the incoming rectilinear and rotating water flows inside the vortex concrete pipe, in addition, the bottom of the vortex concrete pipe represents a concave surface, which ensures the stability of the formed funnel whirlpool; the placement of a drainage system with a diffuser tangentially at the exit of the whirlpool chamber, contributes to the rapid discharge of water from its cavity, the aforementioned increases the efficiency; using the energy of the water stream to generate electricity; the use of water valves at the entrance to the whirlpool chamber and the drain channel, which allows you to adjust the water level in order to ensure the operability of the MVES at any time of the year. These technical solutions in combined application can increase the efficiency of the declared utility model of the MVES up to 70% with a water drop in the whirlpool of 0.8 m and a water flow of 0.5 m ³ / s, in this case, the capacity of MVES will be at least 2.0 kW. The ecological aspect of the MVES should be pointed out, which is as follows: a grid with large cells installed at the entrance to the rectangular confuser delays only dimensional floating objects; small objects and representatives of aquaculture freely pass through a grid with large cells and a whirlpool concrete pipe, and the blades of a hydrodynamic profile, rotating at a speed of a rotating stream of water, do no harm to representatives of aquaculture; a whirlpool in a whirlpool concrete pipe contributes to the saturation of oxygen with water, which favorably affects the purification of water and the development of life processes of aquaculture in a reservoir; the whirlpool formed in the whirlpool concrete pipe promotes thermoregulation in the reservoir, since the increased contact area of water with air leads to its cooling in summer; in winter, the rotating flow of water in the whirlpool does not freeze, and MVES continues to work, while maintaining a positive environmental effect. The figure 1 shows a General view of MVES from above; figure 2 shows a top view of MVES in the context of the upper part of the whirlpool concrete pipe; figure 3 shows the interaction of the velocity vectors of the incoming and swirling water flows a) - without a curved guide and b) - in the presence of a curved guide; the figure 4 presents a view of MVES AA - partially in section; view of BB shown in figure 5; figure 6 shows a view in bb; the location of the MVES cascade along the riverbed, top and side views are shown in Figure 7. The micro-whirlpool power plant contains: a multi-tier magnetoelectric generator (MMEG) 1, consisting of a non-magnetic cylindrical body 2 (figure 1), flywheel rotors 3, magnets 4 (Nd Fe C), windings of 5 coils 6, cover 7 of MMEG 1 (figure 2), angular contact bearings 8, covers 9 of angular contact bearings 8, shaft 10 of rotor-flywheels 3, flange 11 of shaft 10 of MMEG 1, fasteners 12, hydraulic turbines 13, consisting of a shaft 14 of a hydraulic turbine 13, a flange 15 of the shaft 14, the blades 16 hydrodynamic profile (figures 2, 4); a whirlpool concrete pipe 17, consisting of a cover 18, a curved guide 19 of swirling water flow, an inlet rectangular hole 20, a concave bottom 21 of the whirlpool concrete pipe 17, an outlet 22, an outlet pipe 23, a diffuser 24, the outlet 22 and the outlet pipe 23 sec the diffuser 24 are located tangentially below the whirlpool concrete pipe 17 (figures 4, 5); a rectangular confuser 25 open from above, consisting of a vertical wall 26 interconnected, a lower inclined wall 27, a side inclined wall 28, a rectangular inlet 29 of area S _one , an outlet 30 of a rectangular shape with area S ₂ , and the ratio of these areas S _one / S ₂ should be from 2.5 and more, which, according to the condition of continuity of the fluid (water) flow, is quite acceptable for the installation of MVES on slowly flowing (from 0.5 m / s.) rivers of central Russia, i.e. with respect to S _one / S ₂ = 2.5 we get the water flow rate taking into account losses of about 1.2 m / s at the entrance to the whirlpool concrete pipe; a square rectilinear portion 31 of a rectangular confuser 25; drain concrete tray 32 (figure 2); water valves 33 and 34, respectively installed on the rectangular input of the hole 29 of the rectangular confuser 25 and at the entrance to the drain concrete tray 32; the water valves 33 and 34 are identical in design and consist of steering wheels 35, lead screws 36, housings 37 with threaded holes 38 for lead screws 36, flat rectangular metal plates 39 with guides 40 (figure 3); a container 41 for accommodating the inverter 42, the battery pack 43 (BACB) and the charge-discharge controller 44 of the battery 43. To protect the MVES design from large floating objects, a grid 45 with large cells is installed at the entrance to the rectangular confuser 25. MVES works as follows. Water flow at a speed of at least 0.5 m / s enters the rectangular confuser 25, which increases the speed of the water flow by at least 2.5 times and then the water flow through the water valve 33 and the rectangular inlet 20 enters the whirlpool concrete pipe 17 The water flow, with an increased velocity tangentially entering the concrete whirlpool pipe 17, swirls and organizes the vortex movement of water (figure 2). The vectors of the jets of the water stream entering the whirlpool pipe 17 and the swirling water stream, meeting, will interact with each other at approximately angles in the range of 60 ° -80 °, which leads to inhibition of the water stream entering the concrete whirlpool 17 (figure 2, 3). This drawback in the utility model is eliminated by introducing into the MVES design a curvilinear guide 19 (Figure 2, 3), which directs the swirling water flow vector to the incoming flow vector at an angle of 10 ° -15 °, which does not impede the movement of the incoming water flow into the concrete whirlpool pipe 17 and at the same time increases the speed of the water flow in its whirlpool movement (figure 3). The concave bottom 21 provides stability of the water funnel of the vortex water flow. The cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe 23 should be equal to the area of the outlet 22, and the outlet 22 and the outlet pipe 23 with a diffuser 24 are located tangentially below the whirlpool concrete pipe 17 (figures 4, 5), which contributes to an additional increase in the speed of water flow in the whirlpool. The whirlpool movement of the water flow, acting on the blades 16 of the hydrodynamic profile, rotates the shaft 14 of the turbine 13 MMEG 1 and then through the flange 15 this movement is transmitted to the flange 11 of the shaft 10 MMEG 1. On the shaft 10 the flywheel rotors 3 are fixedly mounted on the rims which are fixed magnets 4 (Nd Fe In). Opposite the rotor-flywheel 3 with magnets 4 (Nd Fe В) on the non-magnetic cylindrical body 2 ММЭГ 1 there are motionless windings of 5 coils 6. Shaft 10 rotates with rotors by flywheels 3 and magnets 4 (Nd Fe В), magnetic field lines of which intersect windings 5 coils 6, what causes the emergence of EMF in these coils, electricity is generated. The flywheel rotors 3 provide stable power generation with uneven water flow or short-term shutoff of the water valve 33. The cover 7 seals the non-magnetic cylindrical body 2 MMEG 1, in the center of the cover 7 there is an angular contact bearing 8, which holds the upper part of the shaft 10. The lower part the shaft 10 is fixed in an angular contact bearing 8, which is located in the middle of the cover 18 of the whirlpool concrete pipe 17. The cover 9 of the angular contact bearings 8 hermetically close these bearings. Cover 7, body 2 MMEG 1 and cover 18 of the swirl concrete pipe 17 are installed using fasteners 12. Water valves 33 and 34, respectively installed on the rectangular output of the hole 30 of the rectangular confuser 25 and at the entrance to the concrete drain tray 32, are used to regulate water flow in accordance with seasonal fluctuations in its level. In addition, the water valve 33 allows you to block the flow of water into the swirl concrete pipe 17 for the purpose of inspection, maintenance and repair of the MEG 1 and the turbine 13. Given that the water valves 33 and 34 are the same in design, consider the operation of one of them, for example, water a valve 34 installed at the entrance to the drain concrete tray 32. In order to close (open) the flow of water into the concrete drain tray 32, it is necessary to rotate the helm 35 clockwise (or counterclockwise), the lead screw will lower (rise), rotating in ezbovom bore 38 of the housing 37, the flat rectangular metal plate 39 moves along the guide rails 40, blocking (opening) the path of water flow in the drain concrete tray 32 (Figure 3). The electricity generated by MMEG 1 through the charge-discharge controller 44 enters the battery 43, where it accumulates. For consumer use, the electricity stored in the battery 43, through the inverter 42 is supplied to the public grid.

Claims (3)

1. Micro-rotary power plant (MVES), containing a whirlpool concrete pipe, hydraulic turbine, angular contact bearings, concrete drain tray, characterized in that the MVES design contains a multi-tier magnetoelectric generator consisting of separate tiered magnetoelectric generators parallel to each other located inside a non-magnetic cylindrical multi-tier magnetoelectric generator enclosures; the case of a multi-tiered magnetoelectric generator is mounted on the cover of a whirlpool concrete pipe, and the flywheel rotors are fixedly mounted on the shaft; magnets (Nd Fe B) are fixed on the rims of the flywheel rotors; inside the whirlpool concrete pipe there is a curved guide of the incoming water stream; coils with windings of longline magnetoelectric generators are located on the inner surface of the non-magnetic cylinder; mating flanges between the flywheel rotor shaft and the hydraulic turbine; a rectangular confuser consists of a vertical wall, a lower inclined wall, a side inclined wall, a rectangular inlet opening of area S ₁ , a rectangular outlet of area S ₂ , and the ratio of these areas S ₁ / S ₂ must be at least 2.5 ; a rectangular confuser is connected to a square rectangular part, which, in turn, is associated with a rectangular inlet of a whirlpool concrete pipe; water valves installed respectively at the outlet of the rectangular confuser and at the entrance to the drain concrete tray have flat rectangular metal plates; the cover of the whirlpool concrete pipe is installed using fasteners; the concave bottom of the whirlpool concrete pipe is located in its lower part; the outlet and the outlet pipe with a diffuser are located tangentially below the whirlpool concrete pipe; a container for accommodating the inverter, the battery pack and the battery charge-discharge controller is located outside the non-magnetic housing. 2. MVES according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a cover, using fasteners hermetically connected to a non-magnetic cylindrical body. 3. MVES according to claim 1, characterized in that a mesh with large cells is installed at the entrance to the rectangular confuser.