RU142703U1 - SCREW PILES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A screw pile comprising a hollow cylindrical barrel and a hollow conical tip, the outer surface of which is provided with a spiral, characterized in that the tip is made separate from the cylindrical barrel, while a sleeve is rigidly fixed in the cavity of the tip, the outer diameter of which is made with the possibility of tight fitting on it the free end of the hollow cylindrical barrel, while the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 mm to 2000 mm. 2. Pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the external and internal surface of the tip with a spiral and a cylindrical barrel is provided with a protective coating. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made in lengths from 200 mm to 6000 mm. 4. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral is made with a step of turns of 41-55 mm and a width of at least 15 mm. 5. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the tip is made in the form of a cone with a sharpness of 45-60 ° .6. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical barrel is provided with a flange, preferably made in the form of an equilateral hexagon, provided with mounting holes located at equal distances from each other and the center of the flange, preferably at the corners of an equilateral hexagon. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange is made with the possibility of fixing it on the end of the cylindrical shaft after installing the pile in the ground.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction, in particular, to the construction of pile foundations, and can be used for the construction of low-rise houses, baths, terraces, greenhouses, hangars, pipelines, advertising structures, road signs and signs, supports for lighting and communication lines, landscape gardening furniture, fences and fences.

Known screw pile, which contains a barrel with a hollow tip, the surface of which is equipped with a screw blade, and in the lower part there is a conical funnel, the longitudinal axis of symmetry of which coincides with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the pile. The conical funnel is made with the possibility of pressing it into the cavity of the tip when the pile is immersed in the ground (see RU No. 71668, E02D 5/56, 2008).

The disadvantage of this solution is the possibility of its use only in weak, for example, marshy soils, since a highly developed screw blade will not allow the pile to be “screwed” into dense soil, in addition, the internal cavity of the pile is open into the environment, which can lead to intense corrosion internal space or will require the application of a protective coating on the internal cavity of the pipe.

A screw pile is also known, including a cylindrical shaft equipped with a conical tip, the outer surface of which is provided with a spiral (see RU No. 109161, E02D 5/56, 2010). In this case, the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made from 1500 mm to 3000 mm long, the tip with a spiral is made from 500 mm to 1000 mm long, and the spiral is made with a pitch of 35-40 mm turns and a spiral blade width of 10 mm.

The disadvantage of this solution is the insufficient bearing capacity in weak, for example, marshy soils, since a poorly developed screw surface and insufficient surface area of the pile (due to the mentioned limitation of its length) will not allow for sufficient adhesion to the enclosing mass composed of weak soils. the small length of the pile often does not allow under these conditions to support the pile on the underlying, denser soils. Also, when using piles for arranging piers, the declared range of pile lengths does not allow providing depth in the pier area sufficient to moor most small craft. In addition, piles are delivered in several dozens of sizes, to ensure that they can be adapted for use in soils of significantly varying characteristics and in conditions of varying depths of their laying, while still there remains the amount of work to trim the pile heads to a certain level.

Thus, the known technical solution does not have sufficient functional breadth.

The problem to which the claimed technical solution is directed is expressed in expanding the functionality of the pile, by providing the possibility of varying its length depending on a given depth of foundation.

The technical result obtained when solving the problem is expressed in providing the possibility of reliable fixation of piles with a wide range of changes in the bearing capacity of the soil. In addition, it is possible to vary the length of the pile depending on a given depth of laying.

To solve the problem, a screw pile, including a hollow cylindrical barrel and a hollow conical tip, the outer surface of which is provided with a spiral, is characterized in that the tip is made separate from the cylindrical barrel, while a sleeve is rigidly fixed in the cavity of the tip, the outer diameter of which is made with the possibility of tight donning on it the free end of the hollow cylindrical barrel, while the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 mm to 2000 mm. In addition, the outer and inner surfaces of the spiral tip and barrel are provided with a protective coating. In addition, the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made in lengths from 200 mm to 6000 mm. In addition, the spiral is made with a step of turns of 41-55 mm and a width of at least 15 mm. In addition, the end of the tip is made in the form of a cone with a sharpness of 45-60 °. In addition, the cylindrical barrel is provided with a flange, preferably made in the form of an equilateral hexagon, provided with mounting holes located at equal distances from each other and the center of the flange, preferably at the corners of an equilateral hexagon. In addition, the flange is made with the possibility of fixing it on the end of the cylindrical trunk after installing the piles in the ground.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with the signs of the prototype and analogues indicates the conformity of the claimed solution to the criterion of "novelty."

The combination of features of a utility model provides a solution to a technical problem, namely, it provides the possibility of expanding the functionality of a pile, by providing the possibility of varying its length depending on a given depth of laying.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings where in Fig 1 shows a longitudinal section of a screw pile in its original state; in FIG. 2 presents its view in working condition.

A screw pile includes a cylindrical barrel 1, a tip 2 with a spiral 3, which are hollow.

The cylindrical barrel 1 of the screw pile is made along the entire length with a constant diameter value and a length of 200 mm to 6000 mm. The pile can be made with a diameter value of 76, 90, 114, 140 or 220 mm, which allows it to be used for fixing road signs, signs, advertising structures, lamps, etc. Tip 2 can be made in lengths from 300 mm to 2000 mm. The length of the tip is selected depending on the reinforced structure in accordance with the requirements of reliability of fastening in operation. The end 4 of the tip 2 is made in the form of a cone with a sharpness of 45-60 °, which reduces the complexity of immersion piles in the ground. In addition, the tip is made separate from the cylindrical barrel 1, while the sleeve 5 is rigidly fixed in the cavity of the tip 2, the outer diameter of which is made with the possibility of tightly fitting the free end of the hollow cylindrical barrel on it. At the same time, the external and internal surface of the tip 2 with a spiral and a cylindrical barrel 1 are provided with a protective coating - galvanized (coating is not shown in the drawings).

The spiral 3 is made with a pitch of 41-55 mm and a width of at least 15 mm (preferably 15-20 mm), with a thickness of about 2 mm.

The pile is designed to support a bolt or other structure (not shown in the drawings), for which it is equipped with a flange 6 made of sheet steel with a thickness of 8 mm to 14 mm, equipped with holes 7 for bolts or studs (with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm). The flange may be made in the form of an equilateral hexagon provided with mounting holes 7 located at equal distances from each other and the center of the flange, preferably at the corners of an equilateral hexagon. In addition, the flange can be made in the form of a ring with holes diametrically spaced at equal distances from each other (just such an option is shown in the drawings) or in the form of a disk with diametrically spaced holes 7 and a central hole 8. The diameter of the central hole 8 is preferably 24 mm under a bolt with a thread of 24 mm. It is preferable to make a flange with a distance between the centers of the diametrically located holes 7 equal to 167 mm The presence of a flange simplifies and facilitates maintenance work on the installation of the foundation, ensures the stability of the structure. The various flange options available expand the range of application of piles.

When carrying out calculations, experimental work and product certification procedures, the applicant concluded that the proposed size range of piles provides reliable installation of the structure on various soils.

The reliability (bearing capacity) of the pile foundation depends on a number of factors that are taken into account when choosing the size of screw piles and the depth of immersion of piles, in particular on the total mass of the structure as the sum of all the loads acting on the foundation, snow and payload, depending on the purpose and area of location , strength and deformation characteristics of soils and other factors. The declared screw pile complies with the requirements of GOS 23118-99 “Steel construction structures. General specifications. "

In the table. 1 shows the characteristics of the inventive screw piles, including static loads with safety factors according to DIN 1054 and 18800.

Table 1 Pile size (diameter × barrel length, mm) diameter × wall thickness, mm M _Rd (metal) (kNm) M _Rd (soil) (kNm) F _{Rd, c} (down) (kN) F _{Rd, t} (up) (kN) F _{Rd, h} (side) (kN) WBG66 × 550 66 × 2.0 1,363 0.259 2,50 1.70 0.50 WBG66 × 650 66 × 2.0 1,363 0,358 3.0 2.0 0.75 WBG66 × 700 66 × 2.0 1,363 0.517 3,50 2.25 1,0 WBG66 × 785 66 × 2.0 1,363 0.647 3,50 2,50 1.25 WBG76 × 800 76.1 × 2.0 1,834 1,811 13.50 7.00 3,50 WBG76 × 1000 76.1 × 2.0 1,834 2,328 16.50 9.50 4,50 WBG76 × 1200 76.1 × 2.0 1,834 2,846 18.50 11.50 5.50 WBG76 × 800 76.1 × 2.0 1,834 1,035 5.50 4.00 2.00 WBG76 × 1200 76.1 × 4.0 1,834 3,386 2,846 12.50 5.50 WBG76 × 1600 76.1 × 4.0 1,834 3,386 4,398 21.5 8.50 WBG76 × 2000 76.1 × 4.0 1,834 3,386 5,951 32,5 11.5 WBG90 × 800 88.9 × 3.0 3,670 1,294 10.5 6.0 2,5 WBG90 × 1000 88.9 × 3.0 3,670 1,656 14.5 7.5 3.2 WBG90 × 1200 88.9 × 3.0 3,670 2,173 18.0 10.0 4.2 WBG90 × 1200 88.9 × 4.0 4,729 3,881 30,0 16.5 7.5 WBG90 × 1600 88.9 × 4.0 4,729 5,962 41.0 24.5 11.0

WBG90 × 2000 88.9 × 4.0 4,729 7,245 55.0 35.0 14.0 WBG90 × 550 88.9 × 3.6 4,314 1,035 18.0 8.5 2.0 WBG90 × 800 88.9 × 3.6 4,314 1,811 22.5 5 3,5 WBG90 × 1000 88.9 × 3.6 4,314 2,328 27.0 13.5 4,5 WBG114 × 1000 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 3,105 20,0 10.5 6.0 WBG114 × 1200 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 4,140 30,0 15,5 8.0 WBG114 × 1400 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 5,174 40,0 21.0 10.0 WBG114 × 1200 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 4,916 35.0 20.5 9.5 WBG114 × 1600 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 6,986 47.5 27.5 13.5 WBG114 × 2000 114.3 × 4.0 8,058 8,797 66.0 37.5 17.0 WBG114 × 3500 114.3 × 3.6 8,058 15.40 115.50 65.62 29.75 WBG140 × 850 139.7 × 3.0 11,140 2,587 11.5 6.5 5,0 WBG140 × 1000 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 3,363 21.0 11.5 6.5 WBG140 × l400 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 5,433 40,0 20.5 10.5 WBG140 × l400 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 6,985 45.00 25.00 13.50 WBG140 × l600 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 8,020 54.00 30.00 15.50 WBG140 × 1800 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 9,055 63.00 35.00 17.50 WBG140 × 2000 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 10,090 72.50 40.00 19.50 WBG220x1800 219.1 × 6.3 71.79 27,166 > 150.0 > 95.0 > 45.0 WBG220 × 2000 219.1 × 8.0 89,044 42,689 > 175.0 > 115.0 > 60.0

Moreover, in table 1 are indicated:

- MRd (metal) is the bending moment of force necessary for the deformation of the steel body of the screw pile;

- MRd (soil) - the bending moment of force necessary to displace the screw pile screwed into the ground from the vertical axis and calculated from the maximum horizontal (lateral) load;

- FRd, c - maximum compressive (pressing down) load;

- FRd, t - maximum pulling (pulling up) load;

- FRd, h - maximum horizontal (lateral) load.

These calculated load values are valid for natural dense dry clay soils and were obtained during static field tests using reducing factors of 1.85 and 2.

The execution of a pile equipped with a spiral tip 2 piles from 300 to 2000 mm long with a spiral pitch of 41-55 mm and a spiral blade width of at least 15 mm is optimal for providing high load-bearing capacity of a screw foundation, in a wide range of soil bearing characteristics which is caused by the fact that when immersed in the tip soil, the inter-turn gaps of the soil are not loosened, but vice versa - they are compacted by a spiral screw pile, increasing the reliability of the foundation, especially for complex soils.

The small area of contact with the soil (end 4 of tip 2 is made in the form of a cone with a sharpness of 45-60 °) and the presence of a spiral with the proposed geometric dimensions does not create critical pressure even on soft peat and sandy soils and does not allow the foundation to move even with deep freezing of the soil and at the same time reduce the complexity of its immersion in the ground. Installation time takes only a few minutes.

The declared screw pile is used in a known manner. The pile is delivered in the form of a separate tip 2 and a separate cylindrical trunk 1 (in fact, this is not even a cylindrical trunk, but its workpiece, the length of which obviously exceeds the design length of the pile or even several piles). Immediately before installing the piles, they are mounted for which they tightly fasten (for example, welding) the tip and the cylindrical barrel, then the joint of the named parts is coated in a known manner with a protective coating - zinc melt is applied (the tip and the cylindrical barrel have a factory coating - galvanized), which ensures the presence of a protective coating over the entire outer surface of the pile. This coating protects the pile from corrosion damage in conditions of flooded soil, especially when flooded with aggressive waters. At the same time, a two-sided coating performs a protective function when operating a pile in flooded areas, when flood or storm water can enter the cavity of the pile.

The inventive screw pile is installed vertically using special improvised means or machines (not shown in the drawings) - "screwed" into the ground. Installation time takes only a few minutes. Moreover, the contact area of the proposed screw pile foundation with the soil is insignificant compared to conventional foundations, due to this, such a foundation is much less susceptible to various kinds of movements, seasonal variations in the soil and distortions.

When installing piles in dense strong soils, it is advisable to drill a hole with a diameter of 0.5-0.75 from the size of the outer (along the spiral edges) diameter of the pile and immerse the pile in such a well before immersing piles. After installing all the piles planned for installation, note the level at which the end face of the piles should be positioned and trim them in a known manner.

Further, if necessary, flanges are welded onto the ends of the piles or tubular support elements are fixed in them, intended for fixing in the cavities of the piles. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out isolation work on the connecting seam, which perform as described above ..

The foundation on the basis of such screw piles does not create critical pressure on soft and unstable soils, therefore, it can be installed at a depth greater than the depth of seasonal freezing of the soil without preliminary exploration. The use of this foundation is possible not only on complex soils, but also in earthquake-prone areas where ordinary concrete foundations can be damaged or destroyed, in addition, it is environmentally friendly and economical.

Claims (7)

1. A screw pile comprising a hollow cylindrical barrel and a hollow conical tip, the outer surface of which is provided with a spiral, characterized in that the tip is made separate from the cylindrical barrel, while a sleeve is rigidly fixed in the cavity of the tip, the outer diameter of which is made with the possibility of tight fitting on it the free end of the hollow cylindrical barrel, while the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 mm to 2000 mm. 2. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the external and internal surface of the tip with a spiral and a cylindrical barrel is provided with a protective coating. 3. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical trunk of the pile is made in lengths from 200 mm to 6000 mm. 4. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral is made with a pitch of turns of 41-55 mm and a width of at least 15 mm. 5. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the tip is made in the form of a cone with a taper of 45-60 °. 6. A pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical barrel is provided with a flange, preferably made in the form of an equilateral hexagon, provided with mounting holes located at equal distances from each other and the center of the flange, preferably at the corners of an equilateral hexagon. 7. Pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange is made with the possibility of fixing it on the end of the cylindrical shaft after installing the pile in the ground.

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