RU117933U1 - SCREW PILES (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A screw pile, including a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made from 700 mm to 3000 mm long, the tip with a spiral is made from 300 mm to 1000 mm long. ! 2. A screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm. ! 3. A screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the end of the tip cone is 25-30 mm. ! 4. A screw pile, including a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that the cylindrical pile shaft is made stepped with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm, consisting of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing to the tip from 140 mm up to 66 mm, the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 mm to 1000 mm. ! 5. A screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm. ! 6. A screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the end of the tip cone is 25-30 mm. ! 7. Screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that at least part of the cylindrical shaft is provided with a spiral. ! 8. Screw pile, including a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that it is equipped with a flange with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm with holes of 10 mm to 15 mm in diameter. ! 9. A screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made stepped, consisting of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip. ! 10. A screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the flange is made in the form of a ring with holes. ! 11. Screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the flange is made in the form of a disc with a di�

Description

The utility model relates to the construction, in particular, to the construction of pile foundations, and can be used for the construction of low-rise houses, baths, terraces, greenhouses, hangars, pipelines, advertising structures, road signs and signs, supports for lighting and communication lines, landscape gardening furniture, fences and fences, the bases of solar panels and wind generators.

Known screw pile, which contains a barrel with a hollow tip, on the surface of which a spiral blade is located, and in the lower part a conical funnel is made, the longitudinal axis of symmetry of which coincides with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the pile. The conical funnel is designed to be pressed into the cavity of the tip when the pile is immersed in the ground. (RF patent No. 71668, IPC E02D 5/56, publ. March 20, 2008)

A device for mounting an object in the ground is known. The device is hollow, contains a cylindrical part in which an object (rod, pole, mast) is installed, and an anchor part for mounting in the ground. The anchor part is formed in one piece with the cylindrical part, made cone-shaped, has at least two conical parts with different taper angles. The conical part of the anchor is provided with a spiral. At the top of the cylindrical part, a hole is made for mounting the fastener. (German Patent No. 9313258, IPC Е04Н 12/22, publ. 24.03.1994).

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is a screw pile, including a cylindrical barrel 76 mm and a tip with a spiral. There is also known an embodiment of a screw pile, including a cylindrical shaft of the pile, made stepped, consisting of at least two sections made with decreasing diameters to the tip. There is also a known embodiment of a screw pile provided with a flange 8 or 10 mm thick with 12 mm holes. (Screw supports. Http://glavzabor.ru/category3.php)

A disadvantage of the known designs is a narrow range of applications, i.e. An object can only sink into a pile. And also for dipping piles, you can use only one type of fastener.

The technical problem, the solution of which is claimed by the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the pile foundation, reducing the complexity of immersion of a screw pile into the soil by reducing the effort required to introduce the pile into the soil.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in a screw pile according to the first embodiment, comprising a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, according to the proposed utility model, the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made in lengths from 700 mm to 3000 mm, and the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 to 1000 mm .

The screw pile according to the first embodiment is characterized by the following additional significant features:

- the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm;

- the thickness of the tip cone end is 25-30 mm.

The stated technical problem is also solved by the fact that in a screw pile according to the second embodiment, comprising a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, according to the proposed utility model, the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made stepwise with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm, consisting of at least of two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip from 140 mm to 66 mm, the tip with a spiral is made from 300 to 1000 mm long.

The screw pile according to the second embodiment is characterized by the following additional significant features:

- the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm;

- the thickness of the tip cone end is 25-30 mm;

- at least a portion of the cylindrical barrel is provided with a spiral. The stated technical problem is also solved by the fact that the screw pile according to the third embodiment, comprising a cylindrical barrel, a tip with a spiral, according to the proposed utility model, is provided with a flange with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm with holes with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm.

The screw pile according to the third embodiment is characterized by the following additional significant features

- the cylindrical trunk of the pile is made stepped, consisting of at least two sections made with decreasing diameters to the tip;

- the flange is made in the form of a ring with holes;

- the flange is made in the form of a disk with diametrically located holes and a central hole;

- the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm, consists of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip from 140 mm to 66 mm;

- the tip with a spiral is made in the length from 300 to 1000 mm with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm.

The technical result, the achievement of which is ensured by the implementation of the entire claimed combination of essential features, is to increase the reliability of the pile foundation, reducing the complexity of its immersion in the ground, which are provided by the claimed constructive design of a screw pile with an optimal choice of the geometric dimensions of its structural elements.

The inventive utility model is illustrated in the figure, where

in Fig 1 presents an example of a screw pile.

figure 2 presents the appearance of a screw pile with a cylindrical barrel with a flange;

figure 3 presents an embodiment of a flange in the form of a disk.

Screw pile (figure 1, 2) includes a cylindrical barrel 1, tip 2 with a spiral 3, which are hollow.

The cylindrical barrel 1 of a screw pile according to the first and second embodiment is made along the entire length with a constant diameter value and a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm.

The tip 2 is made with a length of 300 to 1000 mm. The length of the tip is selected depending on the reinforced structure in accordance with the requirements of reliability of fastening in operation. The thickness of the end of the cone 4 of the tip 2 is 25-30 mm, which reduces the complexity of its immersion in the ground

The spiral 3 is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm.

The cylindrical barrel 1 of the screw pile according to the second embodiment is made stepwise with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm. The cylindrical barrel 1 consists of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip from 140 mm to 66 mm. The proposed implementation makes it possible to use pipes with a diameter of 60 mm to 140 mm for the manufacture of a pile foundation; pipes with a diameter of 76, 114, 140 mm are preferred, which allows it to be installed on it from road signs and signs, advertising structures to bathhouses, greenhouses and low-rise buildings. At least a portion of the cylindrical barrel is further provided with a spiral 5.

The tip 2 is made with a length of 300 to 1000 mm. The tip 2 is preferably performed with a thickness of the end 4 of the cone 25-30 mm, which reduces the complexity of its immersion in the ground.

Spiral 3 is performed with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm.

For fixing supports in a screw pile, known fixing means are used. For example, nuts 6 (Fig. 1) are welded to the pile for fastening the bolts. And the support, for example a pipe, when installed in a pile, is fastened in it with the help of bolts.

The pile is equipped with a flange 7 (figure 2) with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm with holes 8 for bolts or studs. Holes 8 are made with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm. The flange can be made in the form of a ring with diametrically located holes or in the form of a disk with diametrically located holes and a central hole. Figure 3 shows an example of a flange with six diametrically spaced openings 8 and a central hole 9. It is preferable to make a flange with a diameter of 220 mm with a distance between the centers of the diametrically spaced openings 167 mm. The diameter of the central hole is preferably 24 mm for a bolt with a thread of 24 mm. The presence of a flange simplifies and facilitates maintenance work on the installation of the foundation, provides stability of the structure. The various flange options available expand the range of application of piles.

When carrying out calculations and experimental work, the applicant concluded that the proposed size range of piles provides a reliable installation of the structure on various soils.

The reliability (bearing capacity) of the pile foundation depends on a number of factors that are taken into account when choosing the size of screw piles and the depth of immersion of piles, in particular on the total mass of the structure as the sum of all the loads acting on the foundation, snow and payload, depending on the purpose and area of location , strength and deformation characteristics of soils and other factors.

As an example, table 1 with the physico-mechanical properties of the inventive screw piles. Table 1 shows static loads with safety factors according to DIN 1054 and DIN 18 800.

Table 1. VF size The size M _Rd (METAL) M _Rd (SOIL) F _{Rd, s} (DOWN) F _{Rd, t} (UP) F _{Rd, h} (SIDE) (mm) (kNm) (kNm) (kN) (kN) (kN) M24 76 × 1600 76.1 × 4.0 3,386 4,398 35.0 21.5 8.50 M24 76 × 2000 76.1 × 4.0 3,386 5,951 45.0 32,5 11.5 M24 76 × 2500 76.1 × 4.0 3,386 7,503 55.0 42.5 14.5 M24 76 × 3000 76.1 × 4.0 3,386 9,055 65.0 52,5 17.5 M24 90 × 1600 88.9 × 2.6 4,729 5,962 41.00 24.50 11.00 M24 90 × 2000 88.9 × 2.6 4,729 7,245 55.00 35.00 14.00 M24 114 × 1600 114.3 × 3.6 8,058 6,986 47.50 27,50 13.50 M24 114 × 2000 114.3 × 3.6 8,058 8,797 66.00 37.50 17.00 M24 114 × 3500 114.3 × 3.6 8,058 15.40 115.50 65.62 29.75 140 × 1400 L 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 6,985 45.00 25.00 13.50 140 × 1600 L 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 8,020 54.00 30.00 15.50 140 × 1800 L 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 9,055 63.00 35.00 17.50 140 × 2000 L 139.7 × 3.6 11,140 10,090 72.50 40.00 19.50

Legend to table 1:

Rohrqu - outer diameter of a screw pile × wall thickness;

MRd (METAL) - bending moment of force necessary for deformation of the steel body of the screw pile;

MRd (METAL) - bending moment of force necessary for deformation of the steel body of the screw pile;

MRd (SOIL) - bending moment of force necessary for the displacement of a screw pile screwed into the ground from the vertical axis and calculated from the maximum horizontal (lateral) load;

FRd, c - maximum compressive (pressing down) load;

FRd, t - maximum pulling (pulling up) load;

FRd, h - maximum horizontal (lateral) load.

These calculated load values are valid for natural dense dry clay (TL and TM) soils and were obtained during static field tests using decreasing factors of 1.85 and 2. To convert from kilonewton (kN) to ton-force (tf), a decreasing coefficient is used 9.80665 (or 10).

As evidence of the reliability of the inventive screw piles, Appendix 1 presents the results of research tests of screw piles for pulling in natural (field) conditions, which were carried out together with Alt GTU (Department of Foundation Engineering) of Baranaul.

Lightweight constructions, in particular fences, billboards, road signs, signs, terraces, greenhouses, depending on the soil characteristics, are installed by immersing piles to a depth of 500 to 1300 mm, for this it is advisable to use screw piles with a length of 1500 to 2000 mm, diameter from 76 to 90 mm and a tip with a spiral of at least 500 mm. In particular, piles with sizes of 76 × 1500 mm, 76 × 1600 mm, 76 × 1800, 76 × 2000 mm, 90 × 1500, 90 × 1600 can be used. For foundations in the construction of low-rise houses, terraces, greenhouses, hangars on complex soils, it is advisable to use piles of 90 × 1500 mm, 90 × 1600 mm, 90 × 2000 mm, 114 × 1500 mm, 114 × 1600 mm, 114 × 2000 mm, 140 × 1500 mm, 140 × 1600 mm, 140 × 1800 mm, 140 × 2000 mm, 220 × 2700 mm, 220 × 3000 mm.

The implementation of a pile pile equipped with a spiral tip from 300 to 1000 mm long with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm is optimal to ensure a high bearing capacity of the screw foundation, which is due to the fact that when the tip is immersed in the soil, the inter-turn gaps of the soil do not loosen, on the contrary, they are sealed with a spiral screw pile, increasing the reliability of the foundation, especially for complex soils.

The small area of contact with the soil (the thickness of the tip cone end is 25-30 mm) and the presence of a spiral with the proposed geometric dimensions do not create critical pressure even on soft peat and sandy soils and do not allow the foundation to move even with deep freezing of the soil and at the same time reduce the complexity of its immersion into the ground. Installation time takes only a few minutes.

The inventive screw pile is installed strictly vertically using special improvised means or machines. Installation time takes only a few minutes. Moreover, the contact area of the proposed screw pile foundation with the soil is insignificant compared to conventional foundations, due to this, such a foundation is much less susceptible to various kinds of movements, seasonal variations in the soil and distortions.

The foundation on the basis of such screw piles does not create critical pressure on soft and unstable soils, therefore, it can be installed without preliminary exploration. The use of this foundation is possible not only on complex soils, but also in earthquake-prone areas where ordinary concrete foundations can be damaged or destroyed, in addition, it is environmentally friendly and economical.

Annex 1

to the description of the utility model "Screw pile (options)."

The results of experimental tests of screw piles in natural (field) conditions

Tests of screw piles in natural (field) conditions were carried out in the city of Barnaul at three experimental sites with soil bases, composed of sandy loam, sand and loam.

Control tests of piles during construction with static pressing, pulling and horizontal loads are regulated by GOST 5686-94 “Soils. Field test methods for piles. " In a static indentation test, the load value was brought to a value causing pile upsetting of at least 40 mm, which meets the requirements of GOST.

The determination of the bearing capacity of piles according to the results of field studies is regulated by SNiP 2.02.03-85, as well as SP 50-102-2003 “Design and construction of pile foundations”.

As a test bench, a collapsible metal construction of a pyramidal type with a triangular base was used, designed for a load of up to 300 kN. Loading (indentation) of piles was carried out using a hydraulic jack with a lifting capacity of 30 tc, which ensures smooth loading and continuous monitoring of the load using an exemplary pressure gauge. To measure the draft pile upset, mechanical instruments were used: a dial gauge ICh-50 (division value 0.01 mm) and Maksimov's deflection meters PM-3 (division value 0.1 mm). The loading of the experimental piles was carried out in steps, the value of which was taken no more than 1/10 of the expected maximum load on the pile.

Table 1 shows the normative and calculated characteristics of the soils of the experimental sites No. 1, 2, 3, on which screw piles were tested in natural (field) conditions.

Table 1 Pad number Nomenclature type of soil Specific gravity, kN / m ³ The angle of the inner city. Specific adhesion, friction, kPa Deformation modulus, MPa, W / W _sat γ _n γ _I γ _II φ _n φ _I φ _II With _n C _i C _II one Loesslike loam unconsolidated at Wsat subsidence 16.1 15.8 15.9 8.0 highly porous 19.1 18.8 18.9 solid 21 twenty 21 6 5 5 Fine sand 16.9 16,4 16.6 32 one, 2 middle 20,0 19.5 19.7 29th 32 2 * 2 26 * density 10.0 10.5 10.7 * 3 Loamy loam unconsolidated at Wsat subsidence 3 highly porous 18.0 17.7 17.8 6.0 solid 19,4 19.1 19.2 3,5 highly compressible 22 twenty 21 12 10 eleven Note: 16.9 - specific gravity at natural humidity 20.0 - specific gravity at full water saturation 10.0 - specific weight in suspension

For testing, piles of two sizes were selected: 2000 mm long, 76 mm in diameter (M24 76 × 2000) (one embodiment), 2000 mm long, variable diameter 76-114 mm (M24 114 × 2000) (another embodiment).

Three piles of each size for static pressing loads and two piles for static pulling loads were tested at each site.

Site number 1

The site is located in Barnaul on the street Ostrovsky, 68th. Soil - loess loesslike subsidence.

Field Test Results:

Bearing capacity of piles M24 76 × 2000 (static pressing loads).

table 2 Pile 1 4000 kgf Pile 2 3500 kgf Pile 3 3000 kgf

Bearing capacity of piles with a variable diameter M24 114 × 2000 (static pressing loads)

Table 3 Pile 4 4500 kgf Pile 5 4500 kgf Pile 6 4500 kgf

Bearing capacity of piles (static pulling loads)

Table 4 Pile 7 M24 76 × 2000 2500 kgf Pile 8 (variable diameter) M24 114 × 2000 2450 kgf

Site number 2

Field test results

The site is located in Barnaul on Proletarskaya St., 56

Soil: fine fine sand

For testing, piles of two sizes were selected (table 1): 2000 mm long, 76 mm in diameter (M24 76 × 2000) and 2000 mm long (in the first embodiment), with a variable diameter of 76-114 mm (M24 114 × 2000) (according to second embodiment)

Three piles of each size for static pressing loads were tested at the site (photo 14) and two piles for static pulling loads.

Bearing capacity of piles M24 76 × 2000

(static pressing loads):

Table 5. Pile 9 5000 kgf Pile 10 4500 kgf Pile 11 4500 kgf

Bearing capacity of piles with variable diameter M24 114 × 2000 (static pressing loads)

Table 6 Pile 14 7200 kgf Pile 15 7800 kgf Pile 16 7200 kgf

Table 7 Pile 12 M 2476 × 2000 3000 kgf Pile 13 with variable diameter M 24114 × 2000 3000 kgf

Site number 3

Field test results

The site is located in Barnaul on G. Isakova St., 264.

Soil: Loam, loesslike subsidence, highly porous, hard, highly compressible.

Bearing capacity of piles M24 76 × 2000 (static pressing loads)

Table 8 Pile 17 1800 kgf Pile 18 1800 kgf Pile 19 1600 kgf

Bearing capacity of piles with a variable diameter M24 114 × 2000

(static pressing loads)

Table 9 Pile 22 2250 kgf Pile 23 2500 kgf Pile 24 2250 kgf

Bearing capacity of piles (static pulling loads)

Table 10 Pile 20 M24 76 × 2000 1600 kgf Pile 21 with variable diameter M24 114 ×Ч 2000 1800 kgf

FINDINGS

The results of experimental tests confirmed the efficiency and reliability of screw piles in the ground conditions of Barnaul.

The obtained experimental data already allow us to judge the nature of the operation of screw piles in various geological conditions and indicate the prospects of using piles in soil conditions of the Altai Territory.

Claims (13)

1. A screw pile comprising a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made in lengths from 700 mm to 3000 mm, and the tip with a spiral is made in lengths from 300 mm to 1000 mm. 2. A screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm. 3. The screw pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the end of the tip cone is 25-30 mm. 4. A screw pile comprising a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made stepwise with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm, consisting of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip from 140 mm up to 66 mm, the tip with a spiral is made in the length from 300 mm to 1000 mm. 5. A screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that the spiral is made with a spiral pitch of 35-40 mm and a spiral blade width of 10 mm. 6. A screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the end of the tip cone is 25-30 mm. 7. A screw pile according to claim 4, characterized in that at least a portion of the cylindrical barrel is provided with a spiral. 8. A screw pile, including a cylindrical shaft, a tip with a spiral, characterized in that it is equipped with a flange with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm with holes with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm. 9. A screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made stepped, consisting of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip. 10. A screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the flange is made in the form of a ring with holes. 11. Screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the flange is made in the form of a disk with diametrically located holes and a central hole. 12. A screw pile according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the cylindrical shaft of the pile is made with a length of 700 mm to 3000 mm, consists of at least two sections made with diameters decreasing towards the tip from 140 mm to 66 mm . 13. A screw pile according to claim 8, characterized in that the tip with a spiral is made in a length from 300 mm to 1000 mm with a pitch of a spiral of 35-40 mm and a width of a spiral blade of 10 mm.