RU142526U1 - BULLET WITH IMPROVED PUNCHABILITY - Google Patents

Abstract

Bullet with increased penetration, containing a shell, a lead shirt and a core, characterized in that the core is made divided in shape in the form of a combination of at least two spaced apart parts placed in a bimetallic shell, the first part is an armor-piercing core made of a hard alloy with a tungsten carbide content by weight of 85-96%, having a HRA hardness of not less than 85.0 units, a bending strength of at least 2000 MPa in the form of truncated cones, and the second part is a cylindrical drummer s with a spherical head and removed from the armor-piercing core by a distance L, the core is installed in a cylindrical bimetallic shell for press fit, and the firing pin for sliding.

Description

The utility model relates to ammunition of small arms, in particular to the construction of bullets.

Known armor-piercing bullet for small arms (patent RU No. 2463546, IPC F42B 12/00, F42B 12/40, F42B 12/06, F42B 30/02) containing a shell, shirt, carbide core and grease. The shell has a conical head portion. The core has a pointed apex in the head. The area between the inner surface of the head of the shell and the outer head of the core is filled with grease. A through hole is made at the apex of the head cone-shaped part of the shell. The carbide core is placed in the shirt in compliance with the alignment of the cylindrical part of the core and the hole at the top of the head of the shell. The shirt is made of elastic plastic material. At least 60% of the cylindrical part of the carbide core is in the shirt.

Known armor-piercing bullet (RU No. 2441196, IPC F42B 12/06, F42B 30/00) containing a bimetallic shell, carbide core and a cavity in front of the core in the head of the shell.

Known armor-piercing bullet (RU No. 2430330, IPC F42B 12/06, F42B 30/02) containing a shell with a core and a lead shirt placed therein. The inner cavity of the head of the shell contains an insert. The insert is made of a eutectic metal alloy, such as a Rose alloy or a Wood alloy.

Known armor-piercing bullet (RU No. 2357195, IPC F42B 12/06) containing a shell, a carbide core having a head and a cylindrical tail, and a lead shirt. The front section of the head part of the carbide core is made in the form of a cone, and the rear section is in the form of a truncated cone directly adjacent to the front cone with its smaller base equal to the base of the front cone.

Known bullet cartridge for rifled small arms (RU No. 2398179, IPC F42B 12/04, F42B 14/00), having a head animated part, a leading part and a tail part made in the form of a truncated cone, tapering to the rear end, and containing a bimetallic shell made open from the end of the tail of the bullet, and the steel core is made of two elements, i.e. a lead shirt is excluded from the design of the bullet. The core of the bullet is placed directly in the bimetallic shell with an interference fit, while on the side surface of the core there is a profile girdle with longitudinal grooves, partially placed on the live part of the core and partially moving to its leading part. The remaining cylindrical leading part of the core is made with a diameter forming a gap between the core and the inner surface of the shell.

The closest technical solution is a bullet for small arms cartridges (RU No. 2468332, IPC F42B 12/04, F42B 12/06, F42B 30/00) containing a shell, a lead shirt and a core. The core is made in the form of a combination of two truncated cones, which are the head and tail. The generators of the truncated cone of the tail are made with an angle of 15 minutes to 1 degree. The core is mounted in the shell with the fixation of its position - in front in the zone of the head of the shell, and in the back by focusing on the truncated cone of the tail of the core through the lead jacket on the inner surface of the shell.

The main disadvantage of these technical solutions is the low penetration of the bullet.

Despite the fact that in these technical solutions the core is made of steel and hardened, the main type of core destruction is the brittle destruction of the shank and the head. In the case when the core pierces the armor plate, the mechanism of breaking through the type of plastic deformation of the barrier with the formation of a bulge and knocking out the cork is implemented (V.A. Grigoryan et al. Materials and protective structures for local and individual reservations. M. RadioSoft. 2008, p. . 141). The presence of cork significantly reduces the ability to penetrate body armor, which is additionally protected by high-strength fabrics. When there is not enough core energy for plastic expansion of the hole in the barrier, it gets stuck in it. When passing through the barrier, this core experiences volume compression, when exiting the barrier, internal stresses in the core decrease stepwise, such a sharp change in the nature of stresses in the core volumes leads to its destruction or the generation of a large number of microcracks, which significantly reduces the strength of the core. This disadvantage is due to the irrational selection of the core material and the geometric parameters of its head part. These cartridges do not allow the mechanism of destruction of the armor to be implemented as high-temperature plastic deformation. With this mechanism, the core experiences significantly lower compression stresses at elevated temperatures, which significantly increases its lethal effect after passing through the barrier. To implement this mechanism of destruction of a steel barrier, a core with a different geometry of the head part of the core and with a different selection of physico-mechanical properties of the core material is needed.

Known bullet for small arms cartridges (RU No. 2072507, IPC F42B 30/02), containing a shell with a lead shirt and a core placed therein, and the tip of the head of the core has a pointed height not exceeding 0.7 caliber bullets with a base diameter not more than 0.68 caliber bullets.

The core provides punching ability due to its geometry and hardness, and the lead shirt provides for cutting, guiding and obturation of the bullet along the cuts of the barrel channel due to its ductility. The tandem arrangement of bullet elements ensures accuracy of fire.

The use of the tandem scheme does not allow to place an elongated core in the pool that is longer than the inner cavity of the head of the shell, since the core will come into contact with the inner surface of the leading part of the shell of the bullet, and, accordingly, the cutting, guiding and obturation of the bullet along the rifling of the barrel channel will be impaired, which significantly reduce the resource of the barrel of the small arms.

As a prototype, a bullet of increased penetration was selected, for example, 7.62 mm rifle cartridge index 7H13, made with a steel elongated core located in a lead shirt (RU No. 2007689, IPC F42B 12/04, F42B 30/02). The lead bullet shirt is shaped like a cup. The core is made of carbon tool steel cylindrical, with a lively shape of the head part and the tail part in the form of a truncated cone. This design of the bullet for small arms cartridges provides cutting, guiding and obturation of the bullet with a lead shirt, which, inter alia, excludes contact of the surface of the solid and durable core with the leading part of the inner surface of the shell of the bullet.

The main disadvantage of this technical solution is the low penetration of the bullet, the lack of accuracy of fire and the effectiveness of the destruction of enemy manpower.

The utility model is based on the task of increasing the breakdown action of a bullet, defeating manpower located in lightly armored military equipment and openly located in bulletproof vests.

The task, which the real utility model is aimed at, is to create a new bullet design with increased breakdown ability and effective destruction of enemy manpower, with the message of an additional shock pulse to the armor-piercing core.

The solution to this problem is achieved by a combination of known features, including a shell, a lead shirt and a core and new features, namely that the core is made divided in shape in the form of a combination of at least two spaced apart parts placed in a bimetallic shell, the first part - armor-piercing core (made of a hard alloy with a tungsten carbide content by weight of 85-96%, having an NKA hardness of at least 85.0 units, a flexural strength of at least 2000 MPa, a compressive strength of less than 4000 MPa, which makes it possible to create high pressures and temperatures at the site of contact with the barrier, thereby providing a barrier destruction mechanism of the type of high-temperature plastic deformation) made in the form of truncated cones in order to be able to penetrate hard surfaces such as armor, truncated head cones parts are made at an angle of 20.0 to 65.0 degrees, and the second part is a drummer made of a cylindrical shape with a spherical head part and removed from the armor-piercing core by a distance L.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a longitudinal section of a bullet.

The proposed design of the bullet consists of a shell 1, a core made divided in shape in the form of a combination of at least two spaced apart parts placed in a bimetallic shell 2, a void is provided in the head of the shell of the bullet 1. A is the distance from the front end of the lead shirt to the top of the bullet. The presence of a void in the head of the bullet, in addition to greatly simplifying the manufacturing process, gives it an additional damaging effect on soft barriers.

The bullet has a head animated part 3, a leading part 4 and a tail part 5, made in the form of a truncated cone, tapering to the rear end 6.

The core is placed directly in the bimetallic shell 2 with an interference fit in the region of the profile girdle 7 located on the bimetallic shell 2.

The core is made divided in shape in the form of a combination of at least two spaced apart parts placed in a bimetallic shell 2, the first part is an armor-piercing core 8 in the form of truncated cones of the head part from a material with high density in order to be able to penetrate hard surfaces , such as armor, without explosion upon impact, the truncated cone of the head part is made at an angle of 20.0 to 65.0 degrees with a diameter of a smaller base of 0.02-0.3 gauge, and the second part, the hammer 9, is made of a cylindrical shape with a spherical the main head part and is removed from the armor-piercing core 8 by a distance of b.

In this case, the core is mounted in the shell 1 with fixing the position of the core in the bimetallic shell 2 in the back with the emphasis of the hammer 9 through the lead jacket on the inner surface of the shell 1 and with the fixation of the armor-piercing core 8 with the focus of the bimetallic shell 2 on the inner surface of the head of the shell 1, which remains empty part of the internal volume of the bullet is filled with lead, with the exception of the head part of the shell 1.

Armor-piercing core 8, is installed in a cylindrical bimetallic shell 2 for press fit, and drummer 9 for sliding. The cylindrical lead of the bimetallic shell 2 forms a gap between the core and the inner surface of the shell 1.

The length of the armor-piercing core 8 is made equal to 1.5-4.5 caliber bullets.

Thus, the spaced parts of the core are securely fixed in the bimetallic shell 2, providing acceptable stiffness of the bullet and its integrity both when moving along the bore and during flight.

The choice of interference from the range of 0.005-0.025 mm is due to the fact that when the values of interference are less than 0.005 mm, the rigidity of the armor-piercing core 8 in the bimetallic shell 2 in the shell of the bullet is insufficient. In this case, during the movement of the bullet along the barrel of the weapon, the dismantling of the bullet is possible, which leads to the failure of the weapon. The choice of the upper value of the preload value equal to 0.025 mm is limited by a predetermined optimal value of the shell thickness, which excludes its destruction during installation of the core in the shell 1 of the bullet.

When fired, the bullet works as follows: under the influence of powder gases, the bullet crashes into the grooves of the barrel channel. When the bullet moves along the cuts of the barrel channel, the shell 1 of the bullet is deformed, squeezing on the bimetallic shell 2. Placing the profile belt 7 partially on the lively part of the bimetallic shell 2 ensures smooth insertion of the shell of the bullet into the cuts of the channel of the gun barrel. With further movement of the bullet on the outer surface of the shell 1, grooves form in the region of its leading part. Shell 1 is deformed and the bullet acquires the necessary initial velocity.

When the bullet hits the target (meeting with the armor), the bullet’s nose is destroyed, the approach of lead to the top makes the bullet’s head more “stiff”. As a result of this, when a bullet encounters a solid barrier, crushing and destruction of the shell core occurs along the axis of symmetry. When introduced into the barrier, the core consumes less energy to pierce the shell and does not drag its parts into the barrier, as a result of which the armor-piercing core 8, which has a large specific load (the ratio of the kinetic energy of the entire bullet to the area of the armor-piercing core) penetrates the armor until the bimetallic shell touches for 2 s armor. After the bimetallic shell 2 meets the armor, it stops, and the hammer 9, made of a cylindrical shape with a spherical head, mounted on a sliding fit and removed from the armor-piercing core 8 by a distance L, starts to move, giving an additional shock impulse to the armor-piercing core 8, which provides penetration of armor.

The head part of the armor-piercing core 8, due to its pointed shape, provides better core penetration into the obstacle material, and the additional impulse of the striker 9 ensures guaranteed penetration of the armored barrier.

The claimed parameters of the bullet allow you to provide the maximum initial velocity of the bullet, i.e. together with an increase in the mass of the core, increase the striking ability of the bullet.

Thus, this bullet design gives the following advantages compared to the prototype:

- an increase in the mass of armor-piercing core increases the kinetic energy of the core by (20-23)%, which allows to increase the breakdown effect of bullets;

- reduction of barrel bore wear of automatic firearms.

In addition, in the process of research and experimental work it was found that the proposed cartridge provides:

- ballistic characteristics (bullet speed, powder gas pressure) corresponding to the requirements of a regular bullet.

The described bullet for small arms is simple, technologically advanced, and at no additional cost can improve the accuracy of fire, increase the damaging effect, and achieve increased penetration ability of the bullet.

Claims (1)

Bullet with increased penetration, containing a shell, a lead shirt and a core, characterized in that the core is made divided in shape in the form of a combination of at least two spaced apart parts placed in a bimetallic shell, the first part is an armor-piercing core made of a hard alloy with a tungsten carbide content by weight of 85-96%, having a HRA hardness of at least 85.0 units, a bending strength of at least 2000 MPa in the form of truncated cones, and the second part is a cylindrical drummer s with a spherical head and removed from the armor-piercing core by a distance L, the core is installed in a cylindrical bimetallic shell for press fit, and the firing pin for sliding.

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