RU140862U1 - MEASURING TRANSMITTER OF LINEAR AND ANGULAR ACCELERATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

A linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer comprising a housing in which a movable inertial damper is located between coaxially arranged nozzles, nozzles are connected through a constant orifice to the medium supply line, nozzle measuring chambers are connected to the actuating element by the control signal lines, the housing has a medium discharge line, the damper is held in the center of the housing by springs, and the position of the nozzles along the sensitivity axis can be adjusted, characterized in that, in order to increase the sensitivity In order to measure the accuracy and accuracy of measurement, a central bore is made in the housing, connected to the supply line of the working medium and forming a radial hydraulic support with a damper.

Description

The utility model relates to measuring technique and is intended to measure and control linear and angular accelerations in automatic control systems of industrial equipment drives.

Known acceleration measuring transducer (accelerometer), comprising a housing in which a movable inertial shutter is placed between coaxially fixed nozzles, nozzles are connected to the supply line of the working medium through constant throttles, the measuring chambers of the nozzles are connected to the corresponding output signal lines, the body has a working line of the working medium, and the damper is in suspension due to its flow around the oncoming flows by the working medium from the nozzle side [1].

This transducer has low sensitivity and measurement accuracy, since the valve is in an unstable position relative to the axis of the nozzles.

An acceleration measuring transducer is also known, comprising a housing in which a movable inertial damper is placed between coaxially fixed nozzles, nozzles are connected through a constant orifice to the medium supply line, nozzle measuring chambers are connected to the actuating element by control signal lines, the housing has a working medium outlet line, and the damper is in suspension due to the forces of interaction of coaxial ring magnets mounted on the housing and at the ends of the damper and directed to the side onu of the geometric center of the body [2].

The disadvantage of this Converter is the low sensitivity and accuracy of measurements, since the valve is in an unstable position relative to the axis of the nozzles.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed device is a linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer, comprising a housing in which a movable inertial shutter is placed between coaxially arranged nozzles, nozzles are connected to the medium supply line through constant chokes, and nozzle measuring chambers are controlled by signal lines connected to the actuating element, the housing has a line for discharging the working medium, the damper is held in the center of the housing by springs, and the position e nozzles along the sensitivity axis can be adjusted [3].

The disadvantage of this converter is the low sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements, the reason for which is the presence of dry friction forces between the inertial damper and the housing of the sensing element.

The dry friction force of the shutter against the wall of the housing occurs due to the radial imbalance of forces acting on the shutter, as a result of the misaligned position of the shutter relative to the housing, as well as irregular geometric shapes of the shutter and the hole in the housing.

The operation of the converter is possible only with the occurrence of accelerations providing inertia forces exceeding the friction force on the damper. The last condition limits the scope of the device.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of measuring linear and angular accelerations of an object.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a central bore is made in the housing, connected to the supply line of the working medium and forming a radial hydraulic support with a damper.

Comparison of the claimed device with the prototype shows that there is a presence of new parts and functional connections between them.

A new feature is a radial hydraulic support formed by a damper and a central bore of the housing connected to the supply line of the working medium.

New functional connections: the working medium, supplied with excess pressure to the central bore of the transducer housing, creates a centering force evenly distributed over the cylindrical surface that holds the shutter on the sensitivity axis; the fluid passing from the central bore into the drain cavity of the transducer through the radial clearances between the body and the shutter prevents dry friction.

The presence of a radial hydraulic support increases the sensitivity and accuracy of measuring linear and angular accelerations of the object.

A structural diagram of a linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer is shown in FIG. one.

The linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer comprises a housing 1, in which a movable inertial damper 4 is placed between the coaxially located nozzles 2 and 3, the nozzles are connected to the working medium supply line 7 through constant chokes 5 and 6, and the nozzle measuring chambers are connected with the control signal lines 8 and 9 connected to the actuating element 10, the housing has a line 11 for discharging the working medium, the shutter is held in the center of the housing by springs 12 and 13, and the position of the nozzles along the sensitivity axis XX can be adjusted.

In the housing, a central bore 14 is made, connected to the line 7 for supplying a working medium and forming a radial hydraulic support with a damper 4. The fluid from the central bore 14 passes into the drain cavities of the transducer and then to the line 11 for discharging the working medium through radial gaps between the housing and the shutter, which eliminates dry friction between them.

The measuring Converter linear and angular accelerations works as follows.

In the initial position, when there are no inertia forces in the direction of the sensitivity axis XX, the working medium (liquid) from the supply line 7 enters through the constant chokes 5 and 6 into the measuring chambers of nozzles 2 and 3, and then, passing resistance in the form of gaps between the ends of the nozzles and damper 4, along the line 11 of the discharge of the working medium is discharged into the tank. The inertia damper is in equilibrium, occupying a symmetrical position in the center of the housing, under the action of the forces of the centering springs 12 and 13. This leads to the creation of the same resistance to the expiration of the working fluid from the nozzles and the equality of pressure in the measuring chambers.

The working medium, supplied with excess pressure to the central bore 14 of the transducer housing, creates a centering force uniformly distributed over the cylindrical surface, holding the shutter 4 on the sensitivity axis X-X. The fluid passing from the central bore into the drain cavities of the transducer and then to line 11 through the radial clearances between the housing and the shutter prevents dry friction.

When a linear acceleration of the controlled object’s movement is directed along the sensitivity axis (for example, to the right), under the influence of inertia, the shutter 4 shifts to the left and changes the hydraulic resistance of nozzles 2 and 3. The resistance to oil leakage from nozzle 2 increases and decreases from nozzle 3, which leads to a corresponding change in pressure in the measuring chambers. The resulting pressure difference (differential) is used as a control signal at the inputs of the actuator, for example, a throttling spool valve.

When you change the direction of acceleration of the object to the opposite, the shutter 4 moves to the right. The resistance to oil leakage from the nozzle 3 increases, and from the nozzle 2 decreases, which leads to the occurrence of a corresponding pressure drop in the measuring chambers of the nozzles.

When the acceleration disappears, the inertia flap 4 under the action of the springs 12 and 13 returns to its initial position, which leads to equalization of pressure in the measuring chambers of the nozzles. The converter returns to its original position.

The proposed measuring transducer can be used to measure angular accelerations. In this case, the axis of rotation of the object, perpendicular to the axis of sensitivity X-X, should be at some distance to the left or right of the geometric center of the body. In this case, the operation of the converter does not differ from that considered above.

To set the required static characteristics of the converter (by flow rate, by pressure in the working chambers, etc.), it is possible to adjust the gaps between the ends of the nozzles and the shutter by axial displacement of the nozzles in the housing.

To generate the output signal, the actuating element 10 in the proposed Converter can be made in the form of a four-slotted spool valve with spring centering. Under the influence of the pressure difference in the lines 8 and 9 of the control signal and under the ends of the spool, the latter is displaced in its housing, changing the passage sections of the corresponding slots and, thereby, forming the resulting signal, which is used to register the acceleration of the object or automatically control the drive of industrial equipment.

Due to the relatively small overall dimensions and weight, the linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer can be easily installed on the moving parts of the technological equipment in any convenient place, outside the working area.

Sources of information taken into account

1. Zalmanzon, L.A. Aerohydrodynamic methods for measuring input parameters of automatic systems / L.A. Zalmanzon. - M .: Nauka, 1973, p. 307-309, fig. 7.15a.

2. RF patent No. 2150116. Cl. G01Ρ 15/00. - Priority from 02.16.1998. - Published on May 27, 2000. - Bull. No. 15.

3. Simanin, N.A. Measuring transducers of the "nozzle-damper" type for hydraulic systems for automatic control of industrial equipment drives / N.A. Simanin, V.V. Golubovsky, A.N. Rasstegaev // “XXI Century: Results of the Past and Problems of the Present _Plus ”: Scientific periodical. Series Engineering. Food production. - Issue No06 (10) / 2013. - Penza: Publishing House Penz. state technol. Acad., 2013 .-- S. 180 (Fig. 1) (prototype).

Claims (1)

A linear and angular acceleration measuring transducer comprising a housing in which a movable inertial damper is located between coaxially arranged nozzles, nozzles are connected through a constant orifice to the medium supply line, nozzle measuring chambers are connected to the actuating element by the control signal lines, the housing has a medium discharge line, the damper is held in the center of the housing by springs, and the position of the nozzles along the sensitivity axis can be adjusted, characterized in that, in order to increase the sensitivity In order to measure the accuracy and accuracy of measurement, a central bore is made in the housing, connected to the supply line of the working medium and forming a radial hydraulic support with a damper.

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