RU140573U1 - HOLOGRAPHIC DEVICE FOR THE STUDY OF FAST PROCESSING PROCESSES - Google Patents

Abstract

A holographic device for studying fast processes containing an optically coupled laser, a first beam splitter plate for dividing the laser beam into a first object beam and a first reference beam, a first collimator, a first mirror system for introducing a first object beam into a first collimator, a second collimator, and a second mirror system for entering the first reference beam into the second collimator, a working chamber with an object under study, having protective windows, a first projection lens, a recording unit of the first holograph we, while the first collimator is installed in front of the working camera, the second collimator is installed between the working camera and the recording unit of the first hologram, the second mirror system and the second collimator are installed with the possibility of forming the first reference beam for recording the first hologram, and the first projection lens is installed in the first object beam between the working chamber and the registration unit of the first hologram, characterized in that a second beam splitting plate, a second projection volume, are additionally introduced into the device a lens, a recording unit for a second hologram, a third system of mirrors and a third collimator, while the second beam splitter plate is mounted at an angle to the optical axis with the possibility of dividing the first object beam into a second object beam, the direction of which coincides with the first object beam, and a second reference beam, the second a projection lens is mounted between the second beam splitting plate and the recording unit of the second hologram, the second object beam reaching the surface of the object under study diffusely scattering

Description

The utility model relates to the field of optical instrument engineering and can be used to study two-phase flows “solid particles - gas” in experimental gas dynamics, to study the structure of the flow of particles formed in the afterglow zone when a moving body interacts with an obstacle, in the mechanics of the destruction of solids, flow around moving bodies in ballistic installations, for the diagnosis of torches in energy furnaces of boilers and in other areas.

A holographic device is known (see Polyakov S.N., V.T. Chernykh. Tolographic method for the diagnosis of two-phase flows during high-speed destruction of solid materials ", Izvestiya SO ANSSSR, a series of technical sciences, issue 4, 1990, pp. 136-139 ), containing a laser, lighting and receiving parts of the object branches, made on the basis of spherical mirrors, collimators of the supporting branches installed between the working area and the hologram registration unit, and the hologram unit itself.

A holographic device is also known (see V.T. Chernykh, A.F. Belozerov. Copyright certificate SU No. 469882, IPC G01B 9/02, 05/05/1975) containing a source of coherent radiation, a beam splitter plate, an optical system with the possibility of forming a reference and object branches, a diffraction element in front of the object being studied, and a hologram registration unit.

The prototype is a holographic device (see Investigation of body motion in two-phase flows by the holographic method / Dukhovskiy I.A., Kovalev P.I., Razumovskaya A.I., Chernykh V.T. Optics and Spectroscopy, vol. 63, issue 5 , SS 1105-1108, 1987), containing a laser, a beam splitter for the formation of support and object branches, collimators with the possibility of forming light fields, a system of mirrors mounted along the optical axes of the object and support branches, a working area, a projection lens and hologram registration unit.

A disadvantage of the known holographic devices is the limited technological capabilities of holographic visualization of the structure of a two-phase flow when studying an ensemble of particles formed by the interaction of a body moving at high speed with an obstacle, as well as the impossibility of obtaining information about the state of the surface of a moving body, due to the fact that by means of known holographic devices during one experiment, the flow is visualized in only one direction of transmission.

However, in practice it is of undoubted interest to obtain information not only about the internal structure of a two-phase flow (particle size, shape, etc.), but also about the state of the surface of a moving body.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to expand technological capabilities in the holographic study of the flow structure and the state of the surface of a moving body in this flow by providing the possibility, during one exposure, of recording two holograms, one of which corresponds to the transmission of the object under study by a direct transmitted object beam, and the other corresponds to diffusely a reflected object beam with a diffusely scattered object beam.

The technical result is achieved in that in a holographic device for studying fast processes, containing an optically coupled laser, a first beam splitter plate for dividing the laser beam into a first object beam and a first reference beam, a first collimator, a first mirror system for introducing the first object beam into the first collimator, a second collimator, a second system of mirrors for introducing the first reference beam into the second collimator, a working chamber with an object under study, which has protective windows, the first projection the first lens, the registration unit of the first hologram, while the first collimator is installed in front of the working camera, the second collimator is installed between the working camera and the registration unit of the first hologram, the second mirror system and the second collimator are installed with the possibility of forming the first reference beam for recording the first hologram, and the first projection the lens is mounted in the first object beam between the working camera and the recording unit of the first hologram, according to the proposed utility model, a second one is additionally introduced a beam splitting plate, a second projection lens, a second hologram recording unit, a third mirror system and a third collimator, while the second beam splitting plate is mounted at an angle to the optical axis, with the possibility of dividing the first object beam into a second object beam, the direction of which coincides with the first object beam, and a second reference beam, a second projection lens is mounted between the second beam splitter plate and the recording unit of the second hologram, the second object beam reaching n the surface of the object under study diffusely scatters on its surface and enters in reverse motion to the second beam splitter plate and the second projection lens, the third mirror system and the third collimator are installed with the possibility of forming a second reference beam for recording the second hologram, while the device is arranged to register, during one exposure, the first and second holograms, the first hologram corresponding to the transmission of the object under study by the first object beam, and the second goal grams corresponds to the second diffusively reflected object beam.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a schematic optical diagram of the proposed holographic device for studying fast processes.

The numbers in the drawing indicate:

1 - laser

2 - the first beam splitting plate,

3, 4 - the first mirror system,

5 - first collimator,

6 - working chamber with the studied object,

7 - protective windows of the working chamber,

8 - the first projection lens

9 - node registration of the first hologram,

10, 11, 12, 13 - the second system of mirrors,

14 - second collimator,

15 is a second beam splitting plate,

16 is a second projection lens,

17 - node registration of the second hologram,

18, 19, 20, 21 - the third system of mirrors,

22 - third collimator,

W _about - the first object beam,

- второй объектный пучок,

- second object beam,

W _op - the first reference beam,

- второй опорный пучок.

- second reference beam.

The holographic device comprises an optically coupled laser 1, a first beam splitter plate 2 for dividing the laser beam into a first object beam W _about and the first reference beam W _{op the} first collimator 5, the first mirror system 3, 4 for introducing the first object beam W _about in the first collimator 5, the second collimator 14, the second system of mirrors 10, 11, 12, 13 for introducing the first reference beam W _op into the second collimator 14, the working chamber 6 with the investigated object having protective windows 7, the first projection lens 8, the first hologram registration unit 9, when this, the first collimator 5 is installed in front of the working chamber 6, the second collimator 14 is installed between the working chamber 6 and the registration unit 9 of the first hologram, the second mirror system 10, 11, 12, 13 and the second collimator 14 are installed with the possibility of forming the first reference beam W _op for recording the first hologram, and the first projection lens 8 is installed in the first object beam W _about between the working chamber 6 and the registration unit 9 of the first hologram.

, направление которого совпадает с первым объектным пучком W_об, и второй опорный пучок

, второй проекционный объектив 16 установлен между второй светоделительной пластиной 15 и узлом 17 регистрации второй голограммы, причем второй объектный пучок

, достигая поверхности исследуемого объекта, диффузно рассеивается на его поверхности и поступает в обратном ходе на вторую светоделительную пластину 15 и во второй проекционный объектив 16, третья система зеркал 18, 19, 20, 21 и третий коллиматор 22 установлены с возможностью формирования второго опорного пучка

для регистрации второй голограммы, при этом устройство выполнено с возможностью регистрации, за время одной экспозиции, первой и второй голограмм, причем первая голограмма соответствует просвечиванию исследуемого объекта первым объектным пучком W_об, а вторая голограмма соответствует диффузно отраженному второму объектному пучку

.The difference between the proposed holographic device for studying fast processes is that it additionally introduces a second beam splitter plate 15, a second projection lens 16, a second hologram registration unit 17, a third mirror system 18, 19, 20, 21 and a third collimator 22, while the second the beam splitter plate 15 is installed at an angle to the optical axis, with the possibility of dividing the first object beam W _about on the second object beam

whose direction coincides with the first object beam W _about , and the second reference beam

, a second projection lens 16 is mounted between the second beam splitter plate 15 and the recording unit 17 of the second hologram, the second object beam

, reaching the surface of the object under study, diffusely scatters on its surface and enters in reverse to the second beam splitter plate 15 and the second projection lens 16, the third mirror system 18, 19, 20, 21 and the third collimator 22 are installed with the possibility of forming a second reference beam

for registration of the second hologram, while the device is configured to register, during one exposure, the first and second holograms, the first hologram corresponding to the translucent of the object under study by the first object beam W _rev , and the second hologram corresponds to the diffusely reflected second object beam

.

The principle of operation of the proposed holographic device is as follows.

The coherent light beam from the laser 1 using the first beam splitter plate 2 is divided into the first object W _about and the first reference W _op light beams. These beams enter, through the first system of mirrors 3, 4 and the second system of mirrors 10, 11, 12, 13, respectively, into the collimators 5 and 14.

In the first object beam W _about between the first collimator 5 and the working chamber 6, a second beam splitter plate 15 is installed at an angle to the optical axis. The first object beam passes through the second beam splitter plate 15, the working chamber 6, the first projection lens 8, which optically couples the working area of the camera 6 with the plane of the first hologram registration unit 9, and enters it as a direct transmitted object beam, where it interferes with the first reference beam W _op .

) в обратном ходе поступает на вторую светоделительную пластину 15 и попадает в апертуру второго проекционного объектива 16. Объектив 16 сопрягает рабочую зону камеры 6 с плоскостью узла 17 регистрации второй голограммы. Во второй опорный пучок

., отраженный от второй светоделительной пластины 15, установлена третья система зеркал 18, 19, 20, 21 и третий коллиматор 22, с возможностью формирования опорного пучка

для регистрации второй голограммы в узле 17, куда также поступает диффузно рассеянный объектный пучок (второй объектный пучок

). При суперпозиции второго опорного пучка

и второго объектного пучка

в плоскости узла 17 регистрируется вторая голограмма.Passing through the second beam-splitting plate 15, the first object beam W _about , reaching the surface of the investigated object located in the working chamber 6, is scattered on its surface. A beam scattered on the surface of the object under study (second object beam

) in the reverse stroke enters the second beam splitting plate 15 and enters the aperture of the second projection lens 16. The lens 16 matches the working area of the camera 6 with the plane of the recording unit 17 of the second hologram. In the second reference beam

., reflected from the second beam splitting plate 15, a third system of mirrors 18, 19, 20, 21 and a third collimator 22 are installed, with the possibility of forming a reference beam

to register the second hologram in node 17, which also receives a diffusely scattered object beam (second object beam

) With a superposition of the second reference beam

and the second object beam

in the plane of node 17, a second hologram is recorded.

, что является весьма эффективным средством при изучении (измерении) быстропротекающих во времени объектов.By means of the proposed holographic device, there is a real opportunity to register two holograms during one exposure, one of which corresponds to the transmission of the object under study by the straight-through first object beam W _about , and the other corresponds to the diffusely reflected second object beam

, which is a very effective tool in the study (measurement) of fast-moving objects in time.

The reconstructed wavefront from the first hologram makes it possible to study the structure of a two-phase flow (particle size, shape, concentration, etc.), and during reconstruction of the second hologram, it is possible to evaluate the state of the surface of a body moving, for example, in the same flow, but in the presence of solid particles .

Thus, the proposed utility model can find application in solving various experimental problems in combustion physics, in ballistics, in gas dynamics, in studying the processes of mixing, ignition, and combustion of fuel components in power plants and in other fields.

Claims (1)

A holographic device for studying fast processes containing an optically coupled laser, a first beam splitter plate for dividing the laser beam into a first object beam and a first reference beam, a first collimator, a first mirror system for introducing a first object beam into a first collimator, a second collimator, and a second mirror system for entering the first reference beam into the second collimator, a working chamber with an object under study, having protective windows, a first projection lens, a recording unit of the first holograph we, while the first collimator is installed in front of the working camera, the second collimator is installed between the working camera and the recording unit of the first hologram, the second mirror system and the second collimator are installed with the possibility of forming the first reference beam for recording the first hologram, and the first projection lens is installed in the first object beam between the working chamber and the registration unit of the first hologram, characterized in that a second beam splitting plate, a second projection volume, are additionally introduced into the device a lens, a recording unit for a second hologram, a third system of mirrors and a third collimator, while the second beam splitter plate is mounted at an angle to the optical axis with the possibility of dividing the first object beam into a second object beam, the direction of which coincides with the first object beam, and a second reference beam, the second a projection lens is mounted between the second beam splitting plate and the recording unit of the second hologram, the second object beam reaching the surface of the object under study diffusely scattering is placed on its surface and enters the second beam splitting plate and the second projection lens, the third mirror system and the third collimator are installed with the possibility of forming a second reference beam for recording the second hologram, while the device is configured to register, during one exposure, the first and second holograms, the first hologram corresponding to the transmission of the object under study by the first object beam, and the second hologram corresponding to the diffusely reflected second have an object beam.

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