RU13980U1 - ELECTRONIC MEDIA PARAMETER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electronic medium meter, comprising an input channel for the measured parameters, a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels, for example, a switch having at least two inputs and one output, a device for converting an analog signal to a digital one, for example, an analog-to-digital converter, a processor, main read-only memory and at least one indicator channel in which a liquid crystal indicator is installed, while the channel for inputting the measured parameters is connected to one To one of the inputs of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels, the controlled electronic switch of electric channels itself is electrically connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of which, in turn, is also electrically connected to the digital input of the processor, and the control input to the control output of the same processor, the main permanent storage device with one output electrically connected to a free digital input of the processor, and its control input with control an output of the same processor, characterized in that a primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters and an amplifier of electrical signals are installed in it, and the specified amplifier of electrical signals is electrically connected to the output of a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels by its input, and by its output to the input of an analog conversion device signal into a digital one, the primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters is installed in the input channel of the measured parameters and its output is electrically

Description

ELECTRONIC MEDIA PARAMETERS This device relates to electronic meters for physical parameters of a medium, such as pressure, temperature, weight, force, etc. It can be used to create instrumentation when working with various liquids and gases used in various fields of human activity.

Known electronic meter of physical parameters of the medium, such as pressure, described in the USSR author's certificate No. 1245300, MKI G01L 9/08, publication 860723 N 27. The meter contains a pressure transducer, the output of which is connected to the voltage divider resistors. In addition, it contains an analog-digital converter, switches, a control unit, a frequency divider with a controlled division ratio, an inverter, a reference frequency generator, an indication unit, a coincidence element, and a signal source of a logical unit.

This scheme is designed to use only a linear sensor, so if it provides high accuracy, it will be very expensive.

Known electronic pressure meter described in the application of France

No. 2572808, MKI 4 G01L 9/02, publication 860509 No. 19. The sensor is a single unit with permanent memory, which contains correction factors, for example, a programmable memory device with flexible connections. The sensor unit and the storage device are connected to a computer.

This sensor has limited use since it can only work with computers that have the ability to pre-process the signal to a level at which the machine can perform computational operations. However, the use of such machines will make measurements expensive and only stationary.

 5 GOIL 19/00

Known electronic pressure meter described in the PCT application

No. 91/16610, MKI 5 G01L 19/00, publication 911031 No. 25. This meter contains a primary electronic medium parameter sensor, an electric signal amplifier, a reference voltage source, an electric signal linearization circuit, an ADC, a clock generator, a decoder driver and a liquid crystal display . In this case, the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter is electrically connected to the input of the amplifier of electrical signals, the output of which, in turn, is electrically connected to the input of the linearization circuit of electrical signals. The output of the linearization circuit is electrically connected to the ADC input, at the output of which an indicator channel is formed in which a decoder and an electronic indicator, for example, a liquid crystal display, are installed. In this case, the input of the decoder-former is electrically connected to the outputs of the ADC, and the output is connected to the inputs of the liquid crystal display. In addition, the output of the reference voltage source is electrically connected in parallel with the inputs of the primary electronic pressure sensor of the medium parameter and with the input of the amplifier of electrical signals.

The output of the clock generator is electrically parallel connected to the control input of the ADC and to the control input of the circuit. Linearization of electrical signals.

In this meter, the accuracy of the measurement is limited by the fact that the linearization of the signal in it is carried out in analog form, moreover, in this scheme, the measurement is performed without taking into account environmental characteristics that are non-linear. In addition, the construction of an analog signal processing circuit limits the measurement range and makes it impossible to construct a multi-limit circuit, since when changing the pressure sensor, it will be necessary to select, which means to change most of the blocks of the pressure meter circuit. No. 3837592, MKI GOID 7/00, publication 900510 No. 19. This device contains one

input channel of measured parameters and microprocessor-controlled indicator device on liquid crystals. This liquid crystal indicator contains measuring scales, which are automatically switched by the microprocessor depending on the measured parameters.

This measuring device does not provide a sufficiently high accuracy of measurements of environmental parameters, because it does not provide processing of signals received through the input channel of the measured parameters in such a way as to reduce the influence of interference and errors created by the primary sensor of the measured parameters.

The closest known meter is the environmental parameters described in the publication Remote Signaling Device DS-2. Technical description and user manual, Tomsk, 1995. This environment meter contains input channels of measured parameters, a microprocessor to be refueled, an analog-to-digital converter, a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels, several inputs and one output, a storage device, which can be both permanent and programmable; as well as several indicator channels. At the same time, a multiplexer is installed in it as an electronic switch of electric channels.

In this medium parameter meter, the input channels of the measured parameters are connected to the inputs of the electronic switch of the electric channels, the output of which is electrically connected to the ADC input, and the control input is directly connected to the free control input of the microprocessor. The ADC output is electrically connected to one of the free inputs of the microprocessor. Indicator channels are connected to the outputs of the same microprocessor. And the storage device with its output is electrically connected to the free input of the specified microprocessor.

-3This environmental meter also does not allow to measure the signals received through the input channels of the measured parameters with sufficiently high accuracy, because it also does not provide for the processing of these signals, which reduces interference in them.

In addition, the prototype, as well as all the above described analogues, can perform measurements exclusively locally. Those. it receives signals from the primary sensor of the environmental parameter and processes the measurements only in the place where it is installed. Further, the processing results of these signals can be transmitted to indicator or to actuators, but nothing more. In this electronic meter of environmental parameters, it is impossible to transfer the results to other meters located at significant distances from each other, with the ability to control each of these meters from each other. Those. the prototype, like all the analogues described above, does not allow to obtain a distributed meter of environmental parameters, which has any given number of simple measuring units, which allow to display the measured environmental parameters on any of them and control the entire system of these blocks from any of them.

The objective of this device is to increase the accuracy of the measurement of environmental parameters by processing the signals received through the input channels, which minimizes the noise contained in them. At the same time, this invention should provide the creation of a distributed electronic meter of environmental parameters.

The problem is solved in that the inventive electronic meter of environmental parameters, as well as known, contains a channel for inputting measured parameters; a controlled electronic switch of electric channels, for example, a switch or multiplexer having two inputs and one output; analog-to-digital converter, processor; read-only memory, at least one indicator channel in which, for example, a liquid crystal is installed

torus; at the same time, the input channel of the measured parameters is connected to one of the inputs of the controlled electronic switch of the electrical channels; with its output, a controllable electronic switch of electric channels is sequentially connected through an analog-to-digital converter to the free input of the processor; a read-only memory device is electrically connected with its free input to the processor; and the indicator channel is electrically connected to the processor output; in addition, the analog-to-digital converter is additionally electrically connected by its control input to the control output of the processor.

In contrast to the known, in the inventive electronic meter of environmental parameters, a primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter and an amplifier of electrical signals are installed; moreover, this amplifier is electrically connected to the output of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels by its input, and by its output - to the input of the analog-to-digital converter; the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter is installed in the input channel of the measured parameters and is electrically connected to one of the inputs of the controlled electronic switch of the electric channels, the other input of which is grounded; the read-only memory is filled with the values of the correction factors and interacts functionally with the processor so that the values of the correction coefficients contained in it are supplied to the processor in accordance with 6 in the form of a signal coming from the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter.

The specified amplifier of electrical signals can be made controllable, while its control input, it is electrically connected to the control output of the processor.

voltage or current, while the source of the reference signal with its output is electrically connected to the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter.

The specified source of the reference signal can be made controllable, while its control input, it is electrically connected with the control output of the processor.

To increase the accuracy of measurements in an electronic meter of environmental parameters, a third input can be made in a controlled electronic switch of electric channels, to which the output of the reference signal source is connected in parallel with the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter. In this case, the accuracy of the measurements is increased by selecting or taking into account the departures of the reference signal from the required value of the optimal operating mode of the reference signal source, depending on the surrounding operating conditions, for example, on the ambient temperature of the air or on the fluctuations in the supply voltage. The deflection of the reference signal is taken into account if this source of the reference signal is not controlled.

To increase the accuracy of measurements, an electronic temperature meter can be installed in the measuring unit of the electronic meter of environmental parameters, which is positioned in such a way that it measures the temperature of the pfvichny electronic sensor of the medium parameter, while a fourth switched input is made in the controlled electronic switch of electric channels with which connected by its output specified electronic temperature meter. Such a scheme makes it possible to introduce the corresponding software correction for the ambient temperature in the calculation of the environmental parameter and thereby sharply increase the accuracy of measurements and (or) expand the operating temperature range of the device, since the temperature of the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter can be determined in each measurement cycle.

-6V electronic environment meter as analog-digital

a converter, a continuous to frequency converter may be installed, for example, a voltage to frequency converter.

A data storage device can also be installed in the electronic meter of environmental parameters, for example, an additional read-only memory device, and an electrical connector having at least two communication channels; at the same time, the indicated electrical connector is installed in such a way that the electric signal amplifier is connected to the analogue converter via this electrical connector and so that the output of the data storage device is connected to one of the free inputs of the processor through the same connector; in addition, the existing read-only memory is made programmable and is electrically connected with its control input to the processor's free control output; among other things, a primary electronic sensor, for example, pressure, a controlled electronic switch of electric channels, an electric signal amplifier, a reference signal source and a data storage device are installed in a separate replaceable unit, which is connected to the remaining elements of the circuit of an electronic meter of environmental parameters through an electrical connector and made with the possibility of changing it.

This allows measurements to be made in a wide range of measured parameters of the medium, because This design makes it possible to manufacture a number of interchangeable primary electronic sensors for environmental parameters, each of which will operate in a certain optimal range of measured values. Having picked up the necessary primary sensor and installing it in an electronic meter of environmental parameters, they provide an optimal mode of measuring environmental parameters and, thus, increase the accuracy of these measurements.

-1 In the case when an electronic connecting connector is made in the electronic meter of environmental parameters and some of its elements are installed in a removable unit that connects to the main unit through the specified connector, three digital matching devices and one analog matching device can be installed in this electronic measuring device of medium, at the same time, one of these Shch1frovy matching devices is installed in one block with the processor and its input is electrically connected to the control output of the processor, and its output through an electrical connector and cable - with the control input of the data storage device; another of these digital matching devices is also installed in one unit with the processor and its input is electrically connected to the other control output of the processor, and its output through the electrical connector and cable to the control input of the controlled electronic channel switch; the third digital matching device is installed in a removable unit and its input is electrically connected to the output of the data storage device, and its output through the cable and electrical connector to the free input of the processor; and the analog matching device is also installed in the removable unit and its input is electrically connected to the output of the amplifier of electrical signals, and the output through the cable and the electrical connector is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter. This allows you to connect the removable unit to the main unit through a cable and distribute them from each other at a greater distance without compromising measurement accuracy.

If there is a replaceable unit in the electronic meter of environmental parameters, an electronic timer can be installed, which with its output is electrically connected to the free input of the processor.

A digital-to-analog converter and a device for converting voltage into current can be installed in an electronic meter of environmental parameters; moreover, an additional output is connected to the processor, which is electrically connected to

the working input of the specified digital-to-analog converter, the output of which, in turn, is electrically connected to the input of the voltage-to-current conversion device; the output of this voltage to current conversion device is left free. Such a scheme can be used for all the above described variants of an electronic meter of environmental parameters. It allows you to apply the measured signal, converted in accordance with the value of the measured parameter, to actuators or recorders that respond to the amount of current applied to them.

In an electronic meter of environmental parameters, the processor can be made controllable, in connection with which a processor control device is installed, which is electrically connected to the processor control input by its output. Such a scheme can be used for all of the above options for an electronic meter of environmental parameters. Using such a scheme allows you to quickly change the measurement mode, calibrate the device and a number of other manipulations that expand the measurement capabilities.

At least one bi-directional signal conditioning device can be installed in the electronic meter of environmental parameters, moreover, an additional output is made in the processor, to which the input of the bidirectional signal conditioning device is connected electrically, the output of which is left free and can be connected to the communication line, for example - telephone (, computer, single-wire, etc .. A two-way communication signal generator performs both receiving and transmitting data in (s) a communication line, providing the necessary signal levels This scheme allows you to keep a powerful database of measurements at a distance, for example, to a computer, which allows for additional statistical processing of the measured parameters and timely notice and correct, for example, a systematic error of measurements by transmitting to an electronic meter environmental parameters additional correction line

coefficient for the program for calculating the environment parameter by the processor and thereby improve the accuracy of measurements.

In the electronic meter of environmental parameters can be installed, at least, the second same environmental meter, similar to the existing one; in this case, the second medium parameter meter is electrically connected to the one available in such a way that the bi-directional signal generator with a free output contained in each of these meters is electrically parallel connected to the communication line by this free output. Such a scheme can be used with any of the described options for an electronic meter of environmental parameters. The use of such a scheme allows you to build a distributed in space measuring system of environmental parameters and on the indicator of one of the measuring units, to display the measurement readings from another measuring unit.

The inventive scheme of an electronic meter of environmental parameters allows you to create a multi-limit, distributed meter of these parameters. The scheme allows, by simply connecting the measuring units to each other, simultaneously measure various physical parameters of the media in a variety of places spaced apart from each other at a considerable distance, and at the same time, the values of the measured parameters can be seen on the indicator of the measurement unit that will be most desirable for the consumer, and the measuring units, due to the possibility of their change, will work in the most optimal (exact) range of values of the medium parameter.

In FIG. 1 presents a schematic block diagram of the inventive electronic meter of environmental parameters with a non-replaceable primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter, i.e. - single-limit. The environment parameter sensor is connected to the sensor, as well as the connection of a reference signal source and an electric signal amplifier controlled from the processor. Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the same electronic medium parameter meter with a replaceable primary electronic medium parameter sensor, i.e. - multidimensional. Figure 4 presents a block diagram of an electronic meter of environmental parameters, in which the removable unit is connected to the main via a cable, while the blocks are removed from each other at a considerable distance. On Fig.3 presents a block diagram of an electronic meter of the parameters of the medium distributed in space. A single-limit electronic medium parameter meter (Fig. 1) contains: a primary electronic medium parameter sensor (PED) 1, which can be a strain gauge, capacitive, piezoelectric, etc., converting a measured medium parameter into an electric signal, for example, a foil strain gauge gas pressure; -controlled electronic switch of electric channels (UEPK) 2, having at least two switchable input channels, for example, a microchip type K561KPZ; - electric signal amplifier (UES) 3, for example, a 0UD17 type microcircuit; -analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 4, for example, a chip of type K572PV1; -processor (PRC) 5, for example - single-chip microcomputer K1816BE35; -11-decoder of electrical signals (DES) 7, for example - a chip type K564ID5;

-electronic indicator (EI) 8, for example, a liquid crystal indicator of the type IZhTS 8-4 / 7;

-digit-analog converter (DAC) 9, for example - a chip type K572PA2;

a voltage-to-current converter (W) 10, for example, an AD694AQ type microcircuit;

- bidirectional signal conditioning instrument (DFSS) 11, for example, an AD230JN microchip for interfacing with a computer communication channel, type of communication channel RS232;

-control unit (UU) 12, for example, switching buttons of the type KM1-1;

the source of reference signals (IOS) 13, for example, a chip of the type KR142EN12 (figure 2);

-electronic temperature meter (EIT) 14, for example, a chip of type K1019EM1 (figure 2).

A multi-limit meter of environmental parameters additionally (Fig. 3) contains:

-electric connector (ESD) 15, for example, a connector type 2RM with the required number of contacts;

-data storage device (UHD) 16, for example, an electrically reprogrammable memory device - a chip of type K558HPZ;

-shift unit (SB) 17 of an electronic meter of environmental parameters;

Non-replaceable part (NSS) 18 of an electronic measuring instrument of environmental parameters;

In a single-limit meter of environmental parameters, all of the listed nodes are electrically interconnected as follows (Fig. 1):

The primary electronic gas pressure sensor 1, a controlled electronic switch of the electrical channels 2, an amplifier for electrical signals 3, an analog-digital converter 4, a processor 5, a decoder of electrical signals 7 and an electronic indicator 8 are interconnected into a serial electric circuit in the order as they are listed above and in such a way so that the output of one is electrically connected to the input of the other. A controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2 with one of its input channels, for example the second, is electrically connected to the ground. The read-only memory device 6 is electrically connected to one of the free inputs of the processor 5 by its output. The processor 5 is additionally electrically connected to the control inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 4 and the controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2 by its separate outputs. The digital-to-analog converter 9 is electrically connected to its input a separate output of the processor 5, and its output - with the input of the voltage-to-current converter 10, the output of which is left free to connect the recorder, For example, the recorder. The indicator channel is connected to a separate output of the processor 5 via electrical communication with the input of the decoder of electrical signals 7, the output of which is connected to the input of the electronic indicator 8. Through a separate output / input, the processor 5 is also connected to the input of a bi-directional signal conditioning instrument 11, the output of which is left free with the possibility of connection to a communication line, such as a computer. To control the operating modes of the processor 5, a control device 12 is introduced into the circuit; its output is electrically connected to the control separate input of the processor 5.

fluctuations in the supply voltage, temporary drifts, etc.) a reference voltage source 13 is introduced into the measurement circuit (Fig. 2), which is connected by its output to the input of the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1.

To exclude the influence of fluctuations in the supply voltage on the measurement accuracy, the output of the reference signal source 13 can be connected in parallel (Fig. 2) to the third input channel of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels 2.

To take into account the influence of temperature on the accuracy of conversion of a physical quantity into an electrical signal by a primary electronic sensor 1, an electronic temperature meter 14 directly located in the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter 1 can be introduced into the measurement circuit (Fig. 2). Its output is electrically connected to the fourth input channel of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels 2. In order to attenuate the influence of time drifts of the source of the reference signal 13 and the amplifier of electric signals 3, as well as to create a more flexible (accurate) algorithm for processing the signal of the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1 the source of the reference signal 13 and the amplifier of the electrical signals 3 can be connected by their control inputs to the separate free output outputs of the processor 5 (figure 2), p Therefore, this connection may not necessarily be carried out simultaneously.

The circuit of a multi-limit electronic meter of environmental parameters (FIG. 3) is similar to the above, but it additionally has an electrical connector 15 and a data storage device 16. In this case, an electrical connector 15 is installed in series between the electric signal amplifier 3 and the analog-to-digital converter 4 so so that through it, through one of the communication channels of this electrical connector 15, electrical communication between the electric signal amplifier 3 and the analogue D converter 4; on another communication channel - between the storage device 16 and the processor 5; according to the third, between the control input of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels 2 and the separate control output of the processor 5. In the event that an adjustable reference signal source 13 or an electric signal amplifier 3 is installed in the measurement circuit, or both are simultaneously adjustable, then in the electrical connector 15 provides an additional number of communication channels for the control inputs of these units, electrically connected through this connecting connector with a separate and control outputs of the processor 5.

In addition, in this circuit, the read-only memory 6 is reprogrammable and its control input is electrically connected to a separate additional output of the processor 5.

Thus, the replaceable unit 17 of the electronic medium parameter meter (FIG. 3) includes: a primary electronic medium parameter sensor 1, a controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2, an electric signal amplifier 3, a data storage device 16 and a mating connector of the electrical connector 15.

The remaining elements of the described circuit are also structurally located in a separate non-replaceable unit (NSB) 18, which is small in size and can be easily transferred and installed at any desired location.

Single-limit (figure 1) electronic meter of environmental parameters works as follows. Once in the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1, the medium, for example a gas, acts on it and the pressure value of this gas is converted into an electrical signal. This signal is fed to the first, for example, the input of a controlled electronic switch of electric channels 2. At the command of the processor

5, the controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2 makes an alternating connection of its both input channels to the electric signal amplifier 3. As a result, an electric signal of a certain optimal duration is received from the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1 to this electric signal amplifier 3, which turns off after a predetermined time, and the amplifier 3 electrical signals connected to ground. Such a switching sequence is carried out throughout the work and is regulated by the processor 5. This operation of the controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2 allows you to constantly take into account, when calculating the gas pressure, the offset correction for the bias voltage of the electric signal amplifier 3 when working in any conditions. In addition, the optimal time is provided for converting the amplified signal into a digital or frequency form by an analog-to-digital converter 4, since for different types of analog-to-digital converters there are optimal conversion times, which minimizes the signal conversion error. To the processor 5, amplified to an optimal level by the electric signal amplifier 3, the signal is fed through an analog-to-digital converter, as a result of which the processor 5 can mathematically process these signals in digital form, while the operation of the processor 5 is synchronized with the operation of the analog-to-digital converter 4 appropriate electrical connection between them.

The signals arriving at the processor 5 are compared with the data stored in the read-only memory 6 and mathematically processed according to the program embedded in the processor 5. As a result of this processing, a resulting signal is generated which, according to one of the working outputs of the processor 5, is supplied to the electric signal decoder 7, there it is converted into the necessary voltage or current levels for the electronic indicator 8, on which the gas pressure is displayed in a specific digital form, for example, in kgf / cm2. On the second working exit

-16 of processor 5, this signal is fed to a digital-to-analog converter 9, where it undergoes the inverse conversion from digital to analog, for example, to voltage, which then passes to the voltage converter in current 10, after which this current can be used for supplying various kinds signaling devices or registrars. According to the third working output of the processor 5, this signal through the bidirectional signal conditioning driver 11 can be transmitted for transmission to the corresponding communication lines, for example, to a computer type RS232 communication line. The bi-directional decoder-shaper of the communication signals 11 provides coordination of voltage and current levels for the processor 5 and the communication line, and processor 5 - the execution of the required exchange protocol according to the program incorporated in it. The processor 5 can be made controlled from the control device 12 and can operate, depending on its control signals, in the following modes: main measurement mode; calibration mode - auxiliary; node testing mode - auxiliary.

A further increase in the accuracy and reliability of measurements is possible if you introduce at least an uncontrolled source of the reference signal 13 to power the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1. In this case, the gas pressure will be converted into an electrical signal by the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1 relative to a precision reference signal, for example, a current stabilizer, which significantly increases both the reliability and accuracy of such a signal.

Further, it is possible to increase the accuracy of measurements if the output signal of the source of the reference signal 13 is parallel brought to the third, for example, the input channel of the control channel of the electronic electronic switch 2 of the electrical channels 2 (Fig. 2). In this p. (1ch, it is possible to introduce corrections to the resulting) lean gas pressure signal associated either with a temporary drift of the reference signal source or with instabilities in the supply voltage. Comparison of the departures of the reference signal is made with the value that can be recorded in read-only memory 6 when calibrating the meter, while this storage device 6 must be reprogrammed.

It is possible to increase the accuracy of measurements even if the source of the reference signal 13 is controlled by the processor 5 (Fig. 2). Then, any departure of the reference signal can be returned exactly back and thereby ensure optimal operation of the electric signal amplifier 3, for example, without overloads, since their absence (overloads) reduces distortion during signal amplification, i.e. - increases the accuracy of measurements.

Improving the accuracy of measurements with a change in the temperature of the supplied gas or with a change in the ambient temperature is possible by introducing into the measurement circuit (Fig. 2) an electronic temperature meter 14 located in the primary electroshore sensor of the environmental parameter 1. The output of this electronic temperature meter must be electrically connected to the fourth, for example, the input channel of the controlled electronic switch of the electric channels 2. In this case, temperature corrections can be introduced into the resulting gas pressure signal errors in the conversion of gas pressure by the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1, since the calibration of this primary sensor of the medium parameter can be performed at a certain value of the temperature of both the supplied gas and the ambient temperature, which can be stored in a reprogrammable read-only memory 6. Comparison of the temperatures stored in This storage device, with the current at each measurement, will allow these corrections to be calculated and entered into the resulting signal.

(Fig. 2), since the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter can, under the influence of ambient temperature, for example, increase the output signal, which can lead to distortions when amplifying it with an uncontrolled gain of the electric signal amplifier 3. In case it is possible to make adjustment gain, it is thereby possible to ensure the optimal mode of operation of this amplifier, and mean to reduce the measurement error depending on the measurement conditions.

Using simultaneously in the circuit (Fig. 2) an adjustable reference signal source 13 and an electric signal amplifier 3 allows ente to increase the measurement accuracy, since it is possible to switch to special programs embedded in the processor 5 to generate reference signals and, accordingly, the gain of the electric signal amplifier 3, where the amplitude, duration and frequency of the reference signals will change programmatically, depending on the external conditions of the measurements and on the medium parameter itself, providing each time A more optimal operating mode for the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter and the remaining converter units (electric signal amplifier 3, analog-to-digital converter 4, reference signal source 13), for example, reducing the degree of their heating and / or providing a constant amplitude of the input signal of the analog-to-digital converter 4 at any gas pressure. In this case, the output reference signal and the gain will change, for example, inversely with the output signal of the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1, and the analog-to-digital converter 4 will convert this input signal in a very narrow dynamic range, where it has the maximum resolution and accordingly, maximum accuracy of determination of the resulting gas pressure signal will be obtained. Thus, the circuit of the considered single-limit electronic meter of environmental parameters allows .11

actively optimize the processing of the electric sigpal resulting from the action of the medium on the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1 and thereby significantly improve the accuracy of measurements. Improving the accuracy of measurements is also greatly facilitated by the fact that signal processing takes into account coefficients that determine the characteristics of a particular primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter 1, and also because all elements of the signal processing circuit can be matched to the maximum. Since all elements of the circuit are small in size, for example, processor 5 and read-only memory 6 can be made in the form of a single chip of the AT89S8252 type, the meter itself can be implemented as a unit having small weight and size characteristics, which allows it to be transported and installed in the desired location. In addition, all elements of the circuit have a relatively low cost, so the inventive meter will be much cheaper than any of the stationary specialized computers.

A multi-limit electronic meter of environmental parameters (Fig.Z) works as follows. When you turn on the plug-in unit 17, which in the simplest case consists of a primary electronic sensor of a medium parameter 1, a controlled electronic switch of electrical signals 2 to two input channels, an amplifier of electrical signals 3, a data storage device 16 and a mating part of the electrical connector 15, the processor 5 receives the signal from the data storage device 16 through the communication channel of the electrical connector 15. As a result of the influence of this signal, a control signal is produced, which falls on the control input of the permanent storage device 6. By this control signal from the permanent storage device 6, the processor 5 receives, for example, those coefficient values that correspond to the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameters 1, which is part of the connected

replaceable block 17, and which, moreover, take into account the features included in the composition of the replaceable block 17 circuit elements; the gain of the amplifier of the electrical signals 3, the output signal level of the reference signal source 13, if it is included in the replaceable unit, the presence of an electronic temperature meter 14 as part of the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameter 1, etc. Depending on the composition and specific features of the replaceable unit 17, the processor 5 will proceed to the execution of the corresponding program for processing signals from the primary electronic sensor of the parameters of the medium 1, as described in the consideration of the meter circuits in FIG. 1 and 2. When the block 17 is replaced, the initialization process will be repeated, the processor 5 will receive the necessary information about finding the coefficients in the read-only memory 6, unique to this primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameters 1, about the composition of the elements of the removable block 17 and their initial signals, information about the signal processing program from this primary sensor 1. After that, the processor 5 will begin to perform measurements, as described previously. Moreover, each such replaceable unit 17 will be made to its narrow dynamic range of the medium parameter, which will undoubtedly increase the accuracy of measurements. Overlapping the large dynamic range of the measured medium parameter is carried out by a simple increase in the number of replaceable blocks 17.

With a large number of removable blocks 17, it becomes advisable to transfer the coefficients of the primary electronic sensor of medium parameter 1 to the data storage device 16, the composition of the cMeiffloro elements of block 17, their initial values and the program for calculating the resulting signal, for example, gas pressure, and in the non-volatile memory 6 block 18 to leave the rest of the program maintenance indicator and output channels, ADC 4, etc. This will allow to apply for each removable unit its most optimal program for approximating the signal from the primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1,

a do not use one universal program, and thereby increase the accuracy of measurements with a large dynamic range of the measured medium parameter. In this case, it is necessary to make the data storage device 16 controlled by a separate control input from a separate control output of the processor 5 and reprogrammable, which will allow, in this case, to fix in the data storage device 16 overload, for example, of a primary electronic sensor of an environmental parameter or the number of loading cycles of this primary sensor environment parameter 1. This will prevent the processor 5 from taking measurements with a removable unit 17, which has a resource or primary sensor of the environment parameter which subjected to unacceptable overload that allows you to increase the reliability, and thus - the measurement accuracy. Since each meter is required to undergo verification by the state supervision authorities within the time periods specified in the technical specifications for this meter, the introduction of a real-time timer (TRV) 19 into the meter circuit, with its output electrically connected to a separate working input of processor 5, will allow recording a memory device 6 of a single-limit (Fig. 1) meter or to a data storage device 16 of a removable block 17 (Fig. 3) the date of the next calibration and, accordingly, by the processor 5, compare it with the current date each time before the measurement d, which will make it possible to exclude expired, unverified meters from the measurement process, which will undoubtedly increase the reliability of measurements.

Thus, the measurement circuit shown in FIG. 3, allows to take into account as much as possible all the features of a particular primary electronic sensor of the medium parameter 1 and the circuit elements that are in it with the constructive unit, which pre-prepare the signal. This increases the accuracy of measurements and, at the same time, significantly expands the range of measured parameters of the medium without loss of measurement accuracy, i.e., makes the electronic meter of the parameters of the medium really high-precision and multi-limit. In addition, it should be added that such a design of an electronic meter of environmental parameters does not increase its weight and size characteristics, as well as its cost, but significantly expands its capabilities.

In the case when it is required to carry out measurements in hard-to-reach places, it is better to apply the scheme of figure 4. This circuit differs from FIG. 3 by the presence of an additional electrical connector (ESD) 20, mounted in series with the removable unit 17, a connecting cable (LAB) 21 and an electrical connector 15. The connecting cable 21 provides an electrical connection to the electrical connectors 15 and 20, similar them in the number of communication channels, and, thus, allows the removable unit 17 to make the necessary distance from the non-replaceable part 18 for flexible mechanical and electrical communication.

If the removal of the removable block 17 from block 18 becomes more than 3 ... 4 meters, then in order to increase accuracy (reduce interference in the signal), it is necessary to pass the transmitted signals in both blocks 17 and 18 through matching elements allowing them (blocks) to work on cable (capacitive) load, to reduce electrical external interference to useful signals. It is possible to provide such coordination for digital signals with a Shch1frovy matching device (DSS) 22 connected in a non-replaceable unit 18 in series between the processor 5 and the electrical connector 15 for each output of this processor, which is connected to the electrical digital connector 15, and in the plug-in unit 18, which is turned on sequentially between the data output of the data storage device 16 and the electrical connector 20. Moreover, the control output of the processor 5 is electrically connected to the input Shch1frovogo matching device 22, and its output is with the corresponding communication channel of the electrical connector 15 in

in each case in a non-removable unit 18, the output of the data storage device 16 is electrically connected to the input of the digital matching device 22, and its output is connected to the corresponding communication channel of the electrical connector 20 in the replaceable unit 17. Similar communications must be performed in the non-replaceable unit 18 but by the control the outputs of the processor 5 (turn on the digital matching devices 22), if in the removable block 17 will be installed controlled source of the reference signal 13 and / or controlled amplifier 3 (see Fig. 2). It is also necessary to protect the analog output signal from interference from the electric signal amplifier 3 with an analog matching device 23 connected in series between the output of this electric signal amplifier 3 and the electrical connector 20, the input of the analog matching device 23 being electrically connected to the output of the electric signal amplifier 3, and the output of this analog matching device is with the corresponding communication channel of the electrical connector 20.

As a digital matching device 22, you can use a bus driver chip type КР1554АП5, designed to generate signals for communication lines and capable of working on a capacitive load, and as an analog matching device 23, you can use any circuit of an analog repeater that allows you to work on a cable (capacitive) load made on the basis of, for example, microcircuit type K140UD17.

Thus, the introduction into the measurement circuit of an additional connector 20 of the connecting cable 21, the digital matching unit 22 and the analog matching unit 23 allows you to make measurements at a distance, in hard to reach places, without loss of accuracy.

meters is electrically connected to the communication line through a bi-directional signal generator 11 to the output / input of the processor 5. Each of these meters can measure the values of different physical parameters of the medium, while the measurement process in each of them proceeds identically and exactly as described in previous schemes. The difference lies in the fact that with such a connection of the meters to the communication line, which can be extended, each processor gets the opportunity to interact with the other via the exchange protocol embedded in each processor and, for example, the physical parameter value can be displayed on the indicator channel of the meter i measured by a meter.

Thus, the presence in each meter of the environmental parameters of a bi-directional signal conditioning instrument 11, with the ability to connect to the communication line, allows you to create a high-precision, multi-limit and spatially distributed measuring instrument of physical environmental parameters.

The author of the utility model GTT G „7TS.A. Gubkin

Claims (13)

1. An electronic medium meter, comprising an input channel for the measured parameters, a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels, for example, a switch having at least two inputs and one output, a device for converting an analog signal to a digital one, for example, an analog-to-digital converter, a processor, main read-only memory and at least one indicator channel in which a liquid crystal indicator is installed, while the channel for inputting the measured parameters is connected to one To one of the inputs of the controlled electronic switch of electric channels, the controlled electronic switch of electric channels itself is electrically connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of which, in turn, is also electrically connected to the digital input of the processor, and the control input to the control output of the same processor, the main permanent storage device with one output electrically connected to a free digital input of the processor, and its control input with control an output of the same processor, characterized in that a primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters and an amplifier of electrical signals are installed in it, and the specified amplifier of electrical signals is electrically connected to the output of a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels by its input, and by its output to the input of an analog conversion device signal into a digital one, the primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters is installed in the input channel of the measured parameters and its output is electrically and connected to one of the inputs of a controlled electronic switch of electrical channels, the other input of which is grounded.  2. The electronic environmental meter according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric signal amplifier is made controllable in it, while it is electrically connected to one of the free control outputs of the processor by its control input.  3. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a reference signal source, for example, a reference voltage or current source, is installed in it, while the reference signal source is electrically connected to the primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters by its output.  4. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that the reference signal source is made controllable, while with its control input it is electrically connected to the control output of the processor.  5. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that a third input is made in the controlled electronic switch of the electrical channels, to which a reference signal source is electrically connected in parallel with the primary electronic medium parameter sensor.  6. An electronic environmental meter according to claims 1-5, characterized in that an electronic temperature meter is installed in it, which is located so that it provides temperature measurement of the primary electronic sensor of the environmental parameters, while the fourth is made in a controlled electronic switch of electric channels a switching input to which the output of an electronic temperature meter is electrically connected.  7. The electronic environment measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an analog signal to frequency converter, for example, a voltage to frequency converter, as a device for converting an analog signal to a digital one.  8. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has an additional permanent storage device and an electrical connector having at least two communication channels, while the electrical connector is installed so that the amplifier of electrical signals was electrically connected to the input of the device for converting an analog signal into a digital signal through one of the free channels of this electrical connector, e device with its output is electrically connected to one of the free inputs of the processor, moreover, the main and / or additional read-only memory can be reprogrammed, in addition, a primary electronic sensor of environmental parameters, a controlled electronic switch of electric channels, an amplifier of electrical signals and additional read-only memory the device is located in one separate unit, which is made non-replaceable, and the remaining elements of the circuit The electronic and the processor are located in another separate unit, which is replaceable, while both parts of the electronic medium parameter meter circuit located in replaceable and non-replaceable units are electrically connected to each other through an electrical connector, as indicated above.  9. An electronic environmental meter according to claim 8, characterized in that there is cable communication between the removable and non-replaceable blocks through the electrical connector, in addition, three digital and one analog matching devices are installed in it, one of these digital matching devices installed in a non-removable unit and its input is electrically connected to one of the free control outputs of the processor, and with its output it is also electrically connected via cable communication to the control the input of the additional permanent storage device installed in the removable unit, another digital matching device is also installed in the non-replaceable unit and its input is electrically connected to another free control input of the processor, and its output via cable connection it is electrically connected to the control input of the controlled electronic switch of electrical channels , the third digital matching device is installed in the removable unit and with its input it is electrically connected to the output of additional a permanent read-only memory device installed in the replaceable unit, and through its output it is electrically connected via cable communication to one of the free digital inputs of the processor, while an analog matching device is also installed in the replaceable unit and its input is electrically connected to the output of the electric signal amplifier, and by its output through cable connection it is also electrically connected to the input of the device for converting an analog signal to a digital one, for example, to the input of an analog-to-digital converter Vatel.  10. The electronic environment meter according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a digital-to-analog converter and a voltage-to-current conversion device are installed in it, while an additional free output is made in the processor, which is electrically connected to the working input of the voltage-to-current conversion device, whose output is left free.  11. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 1-10, characterized in that a bi-directional signal driver is installed in it, which is electrically connected to one of the processor free outputs by its input, and the input of this signal generator is left free.  12. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 1-10, characterized in that a time counter is installed therein, for example a timer, which is electrically connected to the free input of the processor by its input. 13. An electronic medium measuring instrument according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one of the same environmental measuring instruments is made in it, while the outputs of all of the bidirectional communication signal conditioners provided therein are electrically connected to each other in parallel.