RU137940U1 - DEVICE FOR TESTING HOLLOW ITEMS BY INTERNAL PRESSURE FOR STRENGTH - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for testing hollow products with internal pressure strength, including sensors, a piping system on which shutoff valves are installed, and made with the possibility of simultaneous testing of at least two hollow products, characterized in that it further comprises a control and distribution unit, providing the possibility of distributing water and compressed air flows, a high-pressure unit, configured to supply high-pressure water to a control and distribution unit, installation in additional training and tools that enable the identification of a hollow product that has not passed the test, and its disconnection from the hydraulic circuit, which are leakage sensors configured to generate and transmit a signal to a computer control system, and stop valves made with the possibility of receiving a signal from a computer control panel control systems and ensuring that the defective product is disconnected from the hydraulic circuit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of testing in it in the form of hollow articles of cylinders. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of testing seven cylinders in it.

Description

The utility model relates to studies of strength properties, in particular, for testing the strength of hollow products by internal pressure.

A device for testing hollow products with internal pressure, including multipliers, a piping system with valves, pressure gauges and filters. The control hydraulic system includes a reservoir, a pump and a pneumatic accumulator (see AS USSR No. 1029036, publ. 15.07.1983).

The disadvantages of the known device is its insecurity for the person conducting the test, as well as the high probability of obtaining false results due to the use of non-modern equipment.

In addition, it is known a device for testing the cyclic durability of large-volume and high-pressure containers, which contains a controller, a pressure change law adjuster, the output of which is connected to the corresponding controller input, a main pump kinematically connected to a flywheel and an electric motor and made in the form of a reversible adjustable motor - a pump with proportional electrical control, the electrical input of the control unit of which is connected to the corresponding output of the controller, and the working channels the new pump are connected to two hydraulic lines to which pressure sensors are connected, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the controller, an auxiliary pump, one of the working channels of which is connected to the hydraulic tank, and the second working channel - with a pressure relief valve made with proportional electrical control, the electrical input of this valve is connected to the corresponding output of the controller, and the channel of the hydraulic device is connected to the second channel of the auxiliary pump va, each of the two channels of which is connected to the corresponding of the mentioned hydraulic lines, to which the pressure relief valve is connected via check valves, the drain channel of which is connected to the hydraulic tank (see RF patent No. 2416742, publ. 04/20/2011).

The disadvantages of the known device are its insecurity for the person conducting the test, as well as the lack of the possibility of obtaining results in the test process.

The objective of this utility model is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The technical result is to increase the security of this device during its operation.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that a device for testing hollow products with internal pressure on strength, including sensors, a piping system on which shutoff valves are installed, and made with the possibility of simultaneous testing of at least two hollow products. It additionally contains a control and distribution unit that allows the distribution of water and compressed air flows, a high pressure unit configured to supply high pressure water to the control and distribution unit, a water treatment unit and means for detecting a hollow product that has not passed the test, and its disconnection from the hydraulic circuit, which use leakage sensors configured to generate and transmit a signal to a computer system pack ION, and the shut-off valve adapted to receive a signal from the remote computer control system providing control and disabling the defective product from the hydro.

In accordance with special cases of implementation of the device has the following design features.

A device for testing hollow products with internal pressure strength is made with the possibility of testing in it in the form of hollow products cylinders.

A device for testing hollow products with internal pressure strength is made with the possibility of testing in it seven cylinders.

The essence of this utility model is illustrated by the illustration, which shows in schematic form a device for testing hollow products with internal pressure strength.

The following structural elements are displayed in the illustration:

1 - installation of water treatment;

2 - filter block;

3 - filter;

4 - check valve;

5 - crane;

6 - crane;

7 - thermal converter;

8 - shutoff valve;

9 - drainage tank;

10 - supply tank;

11 - pump;

12 - high pressure unit;

13 - pressure gauge;

14 - an electric motor;

15 - plunger pump;

16 - gear;

17 - pneumatic unit;

18 - block air preparation;

19 - a pneumatic distributor;

20 - pipelines;

21 - control and distribution unit;

22 - pressure sensor;

23 - pressure sensor;

24 - drive;

25 - a hydraulic throttle;

26 - level sensor;

27 - ball valve;

28 - ball valve with pneumatic actuator on the pipeline to the cylinder No. 1;

29 - ball valve with pneumatic actuator on the pipeline to the cylinder number n;

30 - ball valve for supplying water to the cylinder;

31 - ball valve;

32 - check valve;

33 - ball valve with pneumatic actuator;

34 - valve;

35 - cassette;

36 - cylinder number 1;

37 - cylinder number n;

38 - leakage sensor;

39 - ball valve;

40 - cartridge filter.

The device includes a computerized control system (KSU), which includes a set of equipment consisting of control cabinets, a power cabinet, a remote control with a tactile control panel and connecting cables (not shown in the illustration). The person who conducts the tests is located behind the control panel, which reduces the likelihood of injury to them when the hydraulic circuit is destroyed by high pressure.

Water treatment unit 1 contains a filter block 2 with filters 3, shutoff valves installed on pipelines 20 and containing, in particular, a check valve 4, tap 5, tap 6, thermocouple 7, shutoff valve 8. Filter block 2 may also contain additional shutoff valves shown in the illustration and providing increased reliability and safety of the device during its operation. Filter block 2 is designed for water purification and flow distribution. In addition, the water treatment plant 1 contains a drainage and expendable tank 9, 10, in which pumps 11 are installed. The expendable tank 10 is designed to store a supply of water, and the drainage tank 9 is designed to collect contaminated water.

The high pressure unit 12 is designed to supply high pressure water to the control and distribution unit 21.

The high pressure unit 12 contains a pressure gauge 13, an electric motor 14, a plunger pump 15, a gearbox 16.

The pneumoblock 17 includes a unit for preparing compressed air 18 and pneumatic distributors 19. The pneumoblock 17 is a part of the control and distribution unit 21, which makes it possible to distribute the flows of water and compressed air. In addition, the control and distribution unit contains pressure sensors 22, 23, actuator 24, a hydraulic throttle 25, level sensors 26, ball valves 27, ball valves with pneumatic actuators 28, 29, 33, ball valves 30, 31, 39, installed on pipelines 20, valve 34. The device also has a cassette 35, which provides for the placement of several cylinders 36, 37 and allows you to control leaks under each cylinder 36, 37 using leakage sensors 38. Under the means, allowing the identification of a hollow product that has not passed the test, and its shutdown , imply aetsya plurality of structural elements of the device, in particular, leakage sensors 38 arranged to generate and transmit a signal to the SIC, and shutoff valves, which on a signal from the UE or at overlapping manually disables the defective container from the hydro.

The presence of control equipment eliminates the need for the tester to be in close proximity to the present device, and the presence of shutoff valves provides effective control of the device. These design features ensure the safety of the device.

The cylinders 36, 37 during testing are placed vertically with the supply to their cavity through the sleeves of air and liquid.

The procedure for testing cylinders 36, 37 using this device should be as follows:

Stage 1 - Filling of cylinders with water, under low pressure (up to 0.5 MPa), with automatic control of air displacement from cylinders;

Stage 2 - Filling the cylinders with water, to achieve the test pressure, with a control of the rate of increase in pressure in the cylinders;

Stage 3 - Cylinder endurance under test pressure, not less than 1 min, with leakage control under each cylinder;

Stage 4 - Smooth reduction of the test pressure in the cylinders to the working pressure of the cylinders;

Stage 5 - External visual inspection of the cylinders for damage received during the tests;

Stage 6 - Smooth pressure reduction in cylinders to atmospheric;

Stage 7 - Alternate removal of water from the cylinders.

Stage 1 contains the following sequence of actions:

Turn on with the remote control with a tactile control panel (PU) a low pressure pump 11 (up to 0.5 MPa) to supply water from the supply tank 10. In this case, the ball valve 39 is switched from the PU to the water supply to the ball valve 27.

About 605 liters are required to fill 7 cylinders and stand hydraulics with water. The pump 11 of the supply tank 10 has a flow of 60 l / min at a pressure of 8 m, which ensures filling of the cylinders with water for a time of approximately 10 minutes.

Monitoring the filling of each cylinder with water from No. 1 to No. n is carried out using level gauges 26. Information about the filling of each of the cylinders is displayed on the control panel.

At stage 1, the water temperature is monitored at the PU. The temperature should be within the range of plus 15 to plus 25 ° C. Water temperature is measured by a thermoconverter 7.

The synchronization of the operation of pressure sensors 22, 23 is also controlled with PU. The readings of the sensors may differ by the value of the relative reduced measurement error of ± 0.1 MPa.

When a cylinder is filled with water, for example No. 1, the warning light “Tank No. 1 is full” lights up. In this case, the pressure sensor 22 provides a signal to one of the air distributors 19 of the air distributor unit.

Ball valve with pneumatic actuator on the pipeline to cylinder No. 1 switches to the closed position.

After all the cylinders are filled, a signal (power supply) should be supplied to one of the directional valves 19. In this case, the ball valve 27 switches to the “closed” position.

After the KSU receives a signal to close the tap 27, the actuator 24 is turned on, which controls the tap 39 to switch the water from the control and distribution unit 21 to the drainage tank 9 of the water treatment plant 1.

Check the PU water pressure in the cylinders No. 1-No. 7 by the signal from the sensors 22 and 23. The value of the water pressure should be in the range of 0.3-0.5 MPa. If the required pressure is reached and the pressure does not drop over a period of at least 1 min, this indicates the tightness of the hydraulic circuit and the possibility of moving on to the next test stage.

At stage 2, the following sequence of actions is carried out:

Turn on the high-pressure unit 12. The water supply is 22 l / min at a pressure of 38.5 MPa. For filling, under a pressure of 37.5 MPa, a hydraulic circuit and 7 cylinders require approximately 10.6 liters of water.

For the normal operation of the high-pressure unit 12, a constant supply of water, not less than 0.2 MPa, is required at the inlet to the unit. The required water pressure is created by the pump 11 of the supply tank 10.

If the pressure at the inlet to the plunger pump 15 is less than 0.2 MPa, then the pressure switch will automatically turn off the high pressure unit 12.

The rate of pressure growth in the cylinders is controlled by KSU in the range from 0.5 to 1 MPa / s. To ensure the required rate of increase in pressure in the cylinders, the electric motor 14, which is part of the high-pressure unit, is equipped with a frequency drive. The value of the growth rate of pressure in the cylinders is displayed on the PU.

The operator with PU has the ability to regulate and set the rate of increase in pressure.

In KSU, it is possible to adjust the pressure growth rate with PU at a different number of test cylinders and various test pressures.

The pressure reducer 16 of the high-pressure unit 12 must be previously manually adjusted to the test pressure of the cylinders 30 MPa or 37.5 MPa. Pressure control is carried out by a manometer 13.

Upon reaching the specified test pressure of 30 MPa (37.5 MPa), the pressure reducer 16 of the high-pressure unit 12 will automatically switch it to work in a closed loop, returning water to the inlet of pump 15. At the same time, the cylinder will count down and register the cylinder holding time during the trial pressure. The cylinder holding time at test pressure depends on the operating temperature of the high-pressure plunger pump of the high-pressure unit 12. If the temperature is exceeded, the temperature sensor of the high-pressure unit will disconnect it from the power supply. Re-inclusion of the high pressure unit 12 is possible when the water temperature drops to the operating temperature range.

The control of possible leaks in cylinders No. 1-No. 7, during the tests, is carried out using water leak sensors 38.

Upon receipt of a signal from one or more leakage sensors 38, the operator starts with PU the procedure for reducing the pressure in the cylinders to atmospheric, and then manually disconnects the defective cylinder (or cylinders) from the hydraulic line.

If the required hydraulic test pressure is reached and maintained, then go to the next test stage.

At stage 3, the cylinders are kept under test pressure for at least 1 min. In this case, carry out the following sequence of actions:

When the device reaches the specified test pressure, the KSU will include a timer for counting the shutter speed of cylinders under pressure. The exposure time of the cylinders under pressure is from 1 to 60 minutes. The holding time of cylinders under test pressure can be set by the operator with PU.

If during the pressure test there is a sharp drop in pressure in the hydraulic circuit, which can be observed on the control unit by signals from pressure sensors 22 and 23, then it follows that an emergency depressurization of the hydraulic circuit occurred. Depressurization of the hydraulic circuit is possible as a result of several reasons:

1) a through crack in the test cylinder (s);

2) leak in the threaded connection of the cylinder (s) with the adapter;

3) depressurization of hydraulic circuits in nipple joints, high pressure hoses, shutoff and control valves.

When depressurization of the hydraulic circuit is turned off, the high-pressure unit 12 and the pump 11 of the supply tank 10. Then, from the control unit, power is supplied to one of the pneumatic valves 19, which will open the ball valve with pneumatic actuator 33, and a smooth discharge of water pressure will occur.

Control over the drop in water pressure is made by the operator with PU.

If a defective balloon is detected during inspection, it is excluded from the test cycle. To do this, close the ball valve 30 for supplying water at the entrance to the cylinder. On the control panel, the operator marks the cylinder (s), which is excluded from testing. In this case, the KSU ignores the signals from the corresponding level sensors 26.

If the cylinder tests were successful, and the hydraulic test pressure was maintained for the required time, then proceed to the next test stage.

At the 4th test stage, the following actions are carried out.

Turn on with the PU mode of smooth discharge of water pressure. At the same time, KSU gives a signal to supply power to one of the pneumatic valves 19. After that, the valve 33 for smooth relief of water pressure opens. The pressure in the hydraulic circuit must be reduced to 20 MPa or 25 MPa, depending on the setting that the operator sets with the control unit. Upon reaching the set point, the KSU turns off the power supply to the valve 19, which leads to the closing of the valve 33. Next, set with PU control the exposure time under water pressure of 20 MPa (25 MPa). This time is necessary for visual inspection of the cylinders for defects.

If the decrease in pressure to the operating pressure of the cylinders was successful, then proceed to the next stage of testing.

At the 5th stage, an installation with PU is carried out while holding the cylinders at operating pressure. Make a visual inspection of the cylinders for defects obtained during hydrotest.

At the 6th stage, the pressure in the cylinders is gradually reduced to atmospheric.

For this, power is supplied from the PU to the pneumatic distributor 19, with the aim of opening the tap 33 to smoothly release the water pressure.

When the water pressure in the hydraulic circuit reaches 1.0 MPa, the valve 27 is opened for quick draining, for which the operator should supply power to the pneumatic distributor 19 from the control unit.

If the decrease in pressure in the hydraulic circuit to atmospheric was successful, which is confirmed by the indications on the display from pressure transducers 22 and 23, then proceed to the next stage of the tests.

At step 7, alternately remove water from the cylinders.

At the same time, they check with the PU the shutter position of the valves 39 and 27.

The faucet 27 must be in the “OPEN” state, and the faucet 39 must be switched to the water outlet from the control and distribution unit 21 to the water treatment unit 1.

Manually open the valve 31 for supplying compressed air to the cylinder number n.

Compressed air displaces all the water from the cylinder. This is carried out until the air begins to exit through the automatic air vent 32. Next, close the valve 31, and then the valve 30.

Remove water from the remaining cylinders No. n-1, No. n-2 ..., No. 1, observing the sequence, acting according to a similar scheme.

When testing cylinders on a stand, water leaving the cylinders leaches the contaminants contained in them. In order to prevent dirty water from being reused for hydraulic testing, it is sent automatically from the control and distribution unit to the drainage tank 9 of the water treatment plant. The purification of the water entering the drainage tank 9 is carried out automatically. As the accumulation of dirty water in the drainage tank 9, the level sensor-relay of the submersible pump 11 of this tank 9 pops up. At the same time, the power supply of the pump 11 is turned on, which starts supplying cleaning water to the cartridge filter 40.

Purified water, after filter 40, enters the supply tank 10.

The degree of contamination of the filter cartridges 40 changes the pressure drop across the filter, which is automatically controlled by the differential pressure switch-sensor. When the differential pressure of 0.15 MPa is reached, a signal is sent to the control unit about the need to clean the filter 40.

To clean the filter cartridges 40 it is excluded from the process of filtering dirty water. For this, a three-way tap 6 for supplying water and a three-way tap 5 for draining water are switched. This redistributes the flow of water from the filter 40 to the filter 3. The degree of contamination of the filter 3 is also monitored automatically using a pressure switch.

Claims (3)

1. A device for testing hollow products with internal pressure strength, including sensors, a piping system on which shutoff valves are installed, and made with the possibility of simultaneous testing of at least two hollow products, characterized in that it further comprises a control and distribution unit, providing the possibility of distributing water and compressed air flows, a high-pressure unit, configured to supply high-pressure water to a control and distribution unit, installation in additional training and tools that enable the identification of a hollow product that has not passed the test, and its disconnection from the hydraulic circuit, which are leakage sensors made with the possibility of generating and transmitting a signal to a computer control system, and stop valves made with the possibility of receiving a signal from a computer control panel control systems and providing the shutdown of the defective product from the hydraulic circuit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of testing in it in the form of hollow articles of cylinders. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of testing in it seven cylinders.

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