RU137755U1 - ONE-SINGLE PRESS MIXER FOR EXTRUDING WITH PRODUCTION OF FUEL BRIQUETTES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Single-screw press mixer for extruding to produce fuel briquettes, comprising a frame on which a power unit is mounted, including a drive with a flywheel, a main shaft with bearing supports, a housing made with a loading chamber, a screw mounted in the housing on these bearing supports and made in the form of a feeding cylindrical section and a pressing section, a pressing chamber with a sealing zone and a pressing zone formed by a conical die, a profile head with a matrix, characterized in that it is equipped with a sleeve rigidly installed in front of the entrance to the compression chamber compression zone with the formation of the pressing chamber wall, the feeding cylindrical section of the screw is made with a diameter d = 4.05 p, where p is the pitch of the feeding cylindrical section, the pressing section of the screw is conical with a cone angle, corresponding to the cone angle of the conical die, the pressing section of the screw is provided with a constant gap with the walls of the sealing zone and the conical die of the pressing chamber, and the matrix of the profiling matrix head is made on the whole. 2. The press mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is installed with a protrusion in the loading chamber.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for pressing waste wood processing, sawmilling, as well as plant agricultural waste in the technology for the production of environmentally friendly fuel briquettes.

Known press mixer, designed for the manufacture of briquettes by pressing from waste wood processing and sawmilling (sawdust, shavings, crushed) of various species of wood containing lignin, which acts as a binder (construction of a screw press mixer for briquetting production of JSC "Zhukovsky technological equipment factory ”, Russia, Zhukov, Internet site: http://www.izto.ru/2009). The press mixer includes a press case, in which a screw and a guide pipe are mounted, through which the press is loaded with wood waste, a matrix, guide sleeves, an electric heating spiral, a rotation mechanism consisting of an engine and a V-belt drive. Logging, sawmilling and woodworking waste in the form of dry powdered wood pulp continuously enter the press-mixer housing, are compacted with a screw auger and fed to the matrix. After passing through the matrix, the wood pulp is pressed and acquires the profile of a continuous briquette tape. To facilitate the exit of the briquette from the nozzle of the press extruder, the tape is heated to the required temperature, and then cooled in the container. Despite the fact that the press mixer is designed for the production of briquettes from waste of various types of wood, it works effectively on waste from one, for example, coniferous forest, containing a large amount of lignin and resins. The disadvantage of the design is the low productivity when using waste wood of various species due to the low degree of homogenization of the pressed material containing different amounts of its own binders.

Known briquetting screw press, which allows to increase the dispersion of grinding the product (design of briquetting press plant waste UBO production ZAO "Zhasko" Volgograd Russia, Internet: http: //www.jhttp: //asKO.ru 2009). The press includes a frame on which a power unit is mounted, consisting of a drive flywheel, a main shaft with bearing bearings, and comprising a drive mixer with a screw mounted on these bearing bearings in a two-chamber housing with a profiling matrix head with a convection sectional heater. The mixing chamber of the two-chamber housing is equipped with a pin agitator. The specified press works effectively on coniferous forests, as the raw materials are uniform and have a constant percentage of lignin throughout the volume of the mixer. A disadvantage of the known design is the low yield of fuel briquettes when using raw materials from mixed tree species containing different percentages of lignin. At the same time, a large amount of non-pressed material remains at the output of the finished product due to the low degree of homogenization due to different amounts of lignin in different parts of the pressing volume. In addition, the finished compressed briquette over its entire volume also contains a different amount of lignin, which leads to insufficient longitudinal density of the briquette, and to a large number of defects.

Closest to the claimed is a technical solution according to patent RU 126284 U1 B30B 11/24 publ. 03/27/2013, according to which the SINGLE-SINGED PRESS-MIXER FOR EXTRUDING WOODEN WASTE OF MIXED TREES OF TREES WITH RECEIVING FUEL BRIQUETTES including a frame on which a power unit is mounted, consisting of a drive flywheel containing the drive shaft, the main shaft with bearings, the bearing shaft with bearings mounted on the indicated bearings in a two-chamber housing with a profiling matrix head with a convective sectional heater, and the mixing chamber of the two-chamber housing is equipped with a pin a collar, characterized in that the screw is made in the form of a feeding screw connected to each other by means of a key connection and a pressing tube-forming screw, which is formed by a pressing screw and a cone-shaped tube-shaped briquette former, while the pressing pipe-forming screw is connected to the main shaft through the tail screw and by means of a bolt by means of a threaded connection, in addition, the housing crankcase chamber is equipped with a breather, the main shaft is equipped with bearing supports in the form of A double row roller bearing, a front thrust ball bearing and a tapered thrust bearing, in addition, the front thrust ball bearing of the main shaft is equipped with a technological cover with the possibility of dismounting access to the front thrust ball bearing seal, in addition, the profiling matrix head is multi-sectional, each section of which is made by means of keyway connection connected to the housing of the matrix head, while the section of the inlet cone of the matrix head is connected to a tongue-and-groove type lock with a feed cone section that is butt-joined to the forming pression, butt-joined through a key with a two-module calibrating section, the modules of which are butt-joined through a key, in addition, the working surface of the profiling matrix head is formed by an octagonal prism and made in the form of a traverse with the ability to move along the axis of the main shaft along the rails mounted in the housing of the mixing chamber, the pin agitator-dispenser of which is equipped with multi-working working pins, the bottom of the housing and the mixing chamber is equipped with an outlet hatch with a shutter, in addition, the working surface of the profiling matrix head formed by an octagonal prism is made so that the adjacent sides of the octagon have a length ratio in the interval (1.75 / 1-3 / 1), and the radius of the circumference described the octagon of the prism refers to the radius of the circumscribed circle of the shaper of the tubular profile of the screw as 1.16 / 1-3 / 1 /, while the section of the inlet cone of the matrix head is connected to a thorn-groove lock with compression, in addition, the convection heater olnen sectional, at least in the form of autonomous sections, each of which is made in the form of a collar, which parts are interconnected and adjustable horizontal hinge lock furthermore powerplant dual chamber housing is formed as a monolithic structure stalesvarnoy.

However, the design of the prototype has disadvantages that impede the smooth operation of the device. During the operation of the press, the problem of rapid wear of the pressing section of the screw and the unsatisfactory operation of the press (non-extrusion of the briquette, stopping the briquette during operation) were identified when the clearance of the pressing section of the screw with respect to the wall of the pressing chamber larger than the overall size of the raw material fraction was set, as the raw material is transferred through auger turns. The smaller the gap, the faster the wear of the screw occurs, since when the gap is smaller than the fraction of the raw material, the screw is rubbed with raw materials on the pressing wall. As a result, rapid wear of the auger pressing section, as well as a decrease in productivity - during mashing, the device often stops, and operational characteristics are reduced.

To solve this problem, research work was carried out, as a result of which it was determined that the entire pressing load lies on the last turn of the screw, since the loading section of the screw feeds the raw materials to the pressing zone without pressure, and the angle of the pressing section of the screw differs from the angle of the wall of the pressing chamber, in this case, the necessary gap between them is observed only at the last turn of the screw. The described disadvantages are solved by the claimed utility model.

The technical task of the claimed utility model: increasing productivity and operational characteristics, as well as increasing the wear resistance and durability of the device.

The problem is solved due to the fact that for a more uniform distribution of the pressing load in the loading section of the screw, a pressurized cylindrical section of the screw is used, having a diameter d = 4.05p and a radius r on the back of the turn. To enhance the turn, a sleeve 2 is also installed at the entrance to the pressing chamber, which acts as the wall of the pressing chamber with the diameter of the inner surface D. Due to the increase in the diameter of the screw and the appearance of the wall, the screw began to feed raw materials into the pressing zone under pressure. Next, the auger pressing section compresses the feed to the required density. Thus, the load is distributed between both sections of the screw and along the length of 3/4 of the pressing section of the screw.

where p is the pitch of the pressurized cylindrical section of the screw.

where d is the diameter of the pressure feed cylindrical section of the screw.

where t is the thickness of the turn of the pressurized cylindrical section of the screw.

To increase the wear resistance and durability of the screw press section, it is proposed to increase its angle, while the angle of the screw press section should correspond to the angle of the die chamber of the pressing chamber.

These changes in the design of the press led to the installation of the gap of the pressing section of the screw relative to the wall of the pressing chamber larger than the size of the fraction, which increased the productivity of the pressing process, resulting in high-quality and continuous operation of the press, increased durability and wear resistance of the device.

It is also proposed to change the original typesetting matrix, representing the prototype three-section matrix head. To eliminate scoring associated with manufacturing errors and assembling the matrix from several sections, which the briquette overcame as it moved, the matrix head was made whole, which increased the speed of passage of the formed briquette, and therefore the productivity of the pressing process and the quality of the briquettes. During testing, after changes in the design and pressing process, the wear resistance of the screw increased, the productivity of the pressing process improved, the operating characteristics improved (the number of screw stops during operation decreased, the device setup time decreased).

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase productivity and quality of work by increasing the wear resistance and durability of the device and improving operational characteristics.

The technical result is achieved by the design of a single-screw press mixer for extruding to obtain fuel briquettes containing a frame on which a power unit is mounted, including a drive with a flywheel, a main shaft with bearing supports, a housing made with a loading chamber, a screw mounted in the housing on these bearings supports and made in the form of a feeding cylindrical section and a pressing section, a pressing chamber with a sealing zone and a pressing zone formed by a conical die, profile casing matrix head with a matrix, characterized in that it is equipped with a sleeve rigidly installed in front of the entrance to the pressing chamber sealing zone to form the pressing chamber wall, the feeding cylindrical section of the screw is made with a diameter d = 4.05 p, where p is the pitch of the feeding cylindrical section , the pressing section of the screw is made conical with a cone angle corresponding to the angle of the cone of the conical die, the pressing section of the screw is made to provide a constant clearance with the walls of the sealing zone and the conical die of the chamber Hovhan and matrix contouring head formed solid matrix. In addition, the sleeve forming the wall of the pressing chamber is mounted protruding into the loading chamber.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the image in the figure, which shows in section a pressing unit of a press mixer for extrusion to obtain fuel briquettes, where

1 - feeding under pressure a cylindrical section of the screw;

2 - a sleeve forming the wall of the pressing chamber and protruding into the loading chamber;

3 - pressing section of the screw;

4 - conical die of the pressing chamber;

5 - integral matrix profiling matrix head;

6 - sealing zone of the pressing chamber;

7 - boot camera.

An example implementation.

A single screw extruder press machine for producing fuel briquettes contains a frame on which a power unit is mounted, consisting of a drive flywheel held on the main shaft, the main shaft is equipped with bearing supports. The housing is made of two-chamber: with a loading chamber 7 and a pressing chamber, with a profiling matrix head with a convective sectional heater. The screw is mounted in the housing on the indicated bearings and is made with a feeding cylindrical section 1 and a pressing section 3. The pressing chamber is made with a sealing zone 6 and a pressing zone formed by a conical die 4. Before entering the pressing zone of the pressing chamber 6, a sleeve 2 is rigidly mounted with the formation walls of the pressing chamber. The feed cylindrical section of the screw is made with a diameter of d = 4.05 p, where p is the pitch of the pressure feed cylindrical section of the screw; the pressing section of the screw is made conical with a cone angle corresponding to the angle of the cone of the conical die, the pressing section of the screw is made to provide a constant gap with the walls of the sealing zone and the conical die of the pressing chamber. The matrix 5 of the profiling matrix head is made integral and equipped with a convective sectional heater. The claimed design achieves a more uniform distribution of the pressing load in the loading section of the pressing unit of a single-screw press-mixer for extruding to produce fuel briquettes, because, in contrast to the prototype, the pressurized cylindrical section of the screw 1 is made with a diameter d = 4.05 p, where p is the pitch of the feed a cylindrical section, and a radius r on the back of the turn (see 1.1, 1.2., 1.3.), which provides reinforcement of the turn. The pressing chamber has two parts: a sealing zone and a pressing zone. Before entering the pressing chamber, a sleeve 2 is installed, which acts as the wall of the pressing chamber in the sealing zone with the diameter of the inner surface D. The pressing zone is formed by a conical die, the angle of which corresponds to the angle of the cone of the pressing screw. The sleeve 2 forms a rigid one-piece connection with the ends of the wall of the pressing chamber in the sealing zone, made, for example, by welding. As a special case of implementation, the pressing chamber can be increased in length in the part protruding from the side of the loading chamber 7 by the size of the sleeve 2, replacing the sleeve.

The operation of the device is as follows. Due to the increase in the diameter of the screw and the appearance of the wall, the cylindrical section of the screw 1 supplies the raw materials under pressure to the sealing zone 6 of the pressing chamber. Next, the pressing section of the screw 3 compresses the raw material to the desired density. Thus, the load is distributed between the sections of the screw and along the length of 3/4 of the pressing section of the screw. The pressing section of the screw 3 is made of a conical shape with an angle corresponding to the angle of the walls of the pressing chamber in the sealing zone 6 and die 4. Increasing the angle of the pressing section of the screw 3 gives an increase in the clearance with the walls of the pressing chamber in the sealing zone, and its correspondence to the angle of the walls of the pressing chamber makes this the gap is constant in each zone of the pressing chamber, which prevents mashing and wear of the pressing section of the screw 3 and stopping it during operation. Setting a constant gap of the pressing section of the screw 3 with respect to the wall of the pressing chamber in the sealing zone and exceeding the average size of the raw material fraction significantly increases the wear resistance and productivity of the pressing process, and also improves operational characteristics (the number of stops during operation of the device was reduced, the device became less “capricious” ", Less setup time is required). As a result, high-quality and continuous operation of the press mixer was obtained, increasing the durability and wear resistance of the device, primarily by increasing the wear resistance of the pressing section of the screw 3. Then, the raw material in a compressed state enters the matrix 5 of the matrix head with a convective sectional heater, where under the influence of heating is formed fuel briquette. The matrix 5 of the profiling matrix head is made whole, which eliminates errors in the manufacture and assembly of the matrix from different sections (for example, as in the prototype), creating surface irregularities and “scoring” that impede the movement of the briquette.

The whole matrix increases the passing speed of the formed briquette, and therefore the productivity of the pressing process and the quality of the briquettes.

During the tests of the claimed design of the utility model and the characteristics of the pressing process, an increase in the wear resistance of the screw was determined and continuous operation of the screw was recorded without restoring it to 100 tons of finished briquette. The following materials are used as raw materials for the operation of the device: waste from woodworking production (croaker, wood chips, sawdust), as well as plant waste (sunflower husk, straw, etc.). The final product of the use of the press-mixer: environmentally friendly fuel briquettes (biofuel).

Claims (2)

1. Single-screw press mixer for extruding to produce fuel briquettes, comprising a frame on which a power unit is mounted, including a drive with a flywheel, a main shaft with bearing supports, a housing made with a loading chamber, a screw mounted in the housing on these bearing supports and made in the form of a feeding cylindrical section and a pressing section, a pressing chamber with a sealing zone and a pressing zone formed by a conical die, a profile head with a matrix, characterized in that it is equipped with a sleeve rigidly installed in front of the entrance to the compression chamber compression zone with the formation of the pressing chamber wall, the feeding cylindrical section of the screw is made with a diameter d = 4.05 p, where p is the pitch of the feeding cylindrical section, the pressing section of the screw is conical with a cone angle, corresponding to the cone angle of the conical die, the pressing section of the screw is provided with a constant gap with the walls of the sealing zone and the conical die of the pressing chamber, and the matrix of the profiling matrix head is made on the whole. 2. The press mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is installed with a protrusion in the loading chamber.

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