RU135656U1 - DRAINAGE GEOCOMPOSIT AND BUILDING ELEMENT ON ITS BASIS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A drainage geocomposite containing, with the possibility of twisting it into a roll, at least one layer of geotextile bonded to at least one geotechnical grid, the cells of which are formed from strands made mutually intersecting, characterized in that the geo-tissue layer is bonded to the geotechnical lattice only at the intersection its strands provided with bulges with a convex curved surface. 2. A geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands of the geotechnical lattice are made of a polyolefin material, including light stabilizers, which is used carbon black. The geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that the configuration of the cells of the geotechnical lattice is formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands and the conjugations of these lines with the formation of squares or / and triangles, and / or elongated ovals, or / and other geometric shapes in their boundaries. . A geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that more than one layer of geo-fabric is applied, while the layers of geo-fabric are bonded to one or more geotechnical gratings. A geocomposite according to claim 4, characterized in that in the drainage geocomposite the geotechnical gratings are located directly on top of each other or through a layer of geo-fabric bonded to them. A geocomposite according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that geotechnical gratings of different designs are used in any combination of clause 3.7. A building element consisting of a supporting surface and a drainage geocomposite laid on it, characterized in that a drainage geocomposite made in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied.

Description

The utility model relates to constructive building elements intended mainly for the drainage of transport structures and, in particular, to interlayers in the subgrade of roads and railways. It can also be used in soil strengthening during the construction of airfields, in the construction of industrial and civil facilities, during the construction of tunnels, underground structures, as well as to protect the insulation of pipelines and their ballasting, to create a reinforcing layer in filter systems, for example, during the construction of shopping malls, parking lots, gardens and sports fields, as well as in the construction of landfills for the disposal of municipal solid waste.

The drainage geocomposite has found wide application as a highly efficient and economic alternative to traditional crushed stone drainage systems. It is resistant to ultraviolet rays and exhaust gases.

Known drainage geocomposite [1, Patent US 5877096, IPC EV 02/00; E02D 29/02; ЕВВ 11/00, priority 1997.05.05, publication 1999.03.02], containing a geotechnical grid, the cells of which are formed from mutually intersecting strands in the form of strips that are fastened with their flat sides to at least one layer of geo-fabric.

The bonding of the strand strips of the geotechnical lattice with the geo-fabric in such an analog design [1] forms a significant total contact area of the elements of the drainage geocomposite, which reduces its filtering properties.

The drainage geocomposite has better filtering properties [2, Certificate RU 61725 U, IPC E01C 9/00, E01C 5/22, priority 2006.03.26, publication 2007.03.10], adopted as a prototype of a utility model. It reduces the total contact area of the geotechnical grid with the geo-fabric due to the fact that the cells are formed by mutually intersecting strands in the form of cylindrical rods.

However, the disadvantage of the prototype [2] still remains insufficiently effective filtering properties of the drainage geocomposite due to the presence of a large area of continuous contact of the strand rods of the cylindrical shape of the geotechnical lattice with the geo-fabric. In addition, due to the cylindrical shape of such rods, the ability to leak out fluid is reduced, which needs to bend around the surface of such elements around the circumference of their surface, reducing its flow rate.

Another disadvantage of the drainage geocomposite of the prototype [2] is the poor curl of the drainage geocomposite into a roll due to the presence of relatively long strand rods.

A building element is also known [3, Patent ES2278782, IPC E02D 31/00, B32B 5/18, priority 2001.08.22, publication 2007.08.16], consisting of a support web and a drainage geocomposite web laid on it, made in the form of an impermeable mat, filled with bentonite and clay fractions. Moreover, such a mat is covered with a mesh layer of foamed geomaterial. This layer is bonded to an impermeable mat with welds.

The disadvantage of the analogue [3] is its complicated design due to the presence of many components in the geocomposite web.

The construction element [2], adopted as a prototype of the invention, is simpler in construction, consisting of a support sheet and a drainage geocomposite sheet laid on it, made in the form of a geotechnical grating welded with geo-fabric, the cells of which are formed by mutually intersecting strands in the form of cylindrical rods forms.

However, the disadvantage of the prototype [2] is the complexity of the building element due to the use instead of the traditional two-level - three-level structure of the placement of parts of the geotechnical grid, as well as because of the recommended unevenness of the execution of elements of its levels and layers of geo-fabric. This also complicates the production technology of the building element due to the need, for example, to remove a thicker layer of soil for laying such a thickened design of the drainage geocomposite with a three-level geotechnical grid on the supporting canvas, or, for example, to use more insulation to wrap construction pipes located in the ground along with a thickened layer of drainage geocomposite.

In addition, in the prototype [2] due to the use of straight rods of the geotechnical lattice of the drainage geocomposite, the reliability of fixing the lower layer of the mineral component (for example, crushed stone layer) of the building structure is deteriorated, and air gaps between the layers of the geotextile and geotechnical lattice are reduced, which worsens ventilation and drainage from the drainage geocomposite and drainage properties of the building element as a whole.

The objective of the utility model is to obtain technical results on improving the filtration properties and curl into a roll of drainage geocomposite by reducing the contact area of the strands of its geotechnical lattice with the geo-fabric and by changing the geometric shape of such strands, as well as simplifying the design, improving the reinforcing and drainage properties of the building element based on this drainage geocomposite.

The problem for the drainage geocomposite is solved in that a drainage geocomposite containing, with the possibility of twisting it into a roll, at least one layer of geotissue, bonded with at least one geotechnical grid, the cells of which are formed from strands made mutually intersecting, has the following distinctive signs: the geo-fabric layer is bonded to the geotechnical grid only at the intersections of its strands equipped with bulges with a convex curved surface.

The bonding of the geotissue layer with strands only at their intersections will significantly reduce, in comparison with the analogue [1] and prototype [2], the total contact area of the strands with the geotissue, which will positively affect the filtration properties of the drainage geocomposite, as well as the ability to twist the drainage geocomposite in compact roll.

Providing the intersections of the strands with bulges with a convex curved surface will enhance the positive effect of the first distinguishing feature mentioned above, since in the aggregate all convex curved surfaces of all thickenings of the geotechnical grid will additionally reduce the total contact area of its strands with the geo-fabric.

Possible embodiments of drainage geocomposite elements:

- strands of the geotechnical lattice are made of polyolefin material, including light stabilizers, which is used carbon black;

- the configuration of the cells of the geotechnical lattice is formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands and the conjugations of these lines with the formation in their boundaries or squares, or / and triangles, and / or elongated ovals, or / and other geometric shapes;

- it is possible to use more than one layer of geo-fabric, while layers of geo-fabric are bonded to one or more geotechnical gratings;

- it is possible to locate geotechnical gratings in the drainage geocomposite directly on top of each other, or through a layer of geotissue bonded to them, and it is also possible to use geotechnical gratings of different designs.

The problem for the utility model with respect to the building element is solved by the fact that the building element, consisting of a supporting surface and a drainage geocomposite laid on it, has distinctive features: a drainage geocomposite is used, made according to any of the above options for the execution of the drainage geocomposite according to the utility model.

Such a difference will simplify the building element, as well as the technology of its manufacture in comparison with the prototype [2], because instead of the volumetric structure of the parts of the geotechnical lattice, its flat structure is used with thickenings of relatively small sizes and the formation of cells of a simple configuration (square, triangle, oval and etc.) with rounded edges, which also increases the overall supporting surface of the drainage geocomposite, thereby increasing the reinforcing properties of the building element. At the same time, the existing gaps between the elements of the drainage geocomposite and the convex surface of the thickenings of its geotechnical lattice provide better ventilation and drainage, improving the drainage properties of the building element and the entire building structure as a whole, in which this element is used.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by illustrations.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the drainage geocomposite twisted into a roll. Figures 2 and 3 show sections of fragments of a canvas of a drainage geocomposite using one geotechnical grid and bonded with it, respectively, with one and two layers of geo-fabric. Figures 4 and 5 show fragments of sections of a drainage geocomposite web with options for using two geotechnical gratings and several layers of geo-fabric bonded to them. FIGS. 6-8 show top views of A fragments of a drainage geocomposite in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 using various geotechnical grid designs. Figure 9 shows a view B from below of a fragment of the drainage geocomposite in the direction of the arrow in figure 2. Figure 10 shows a General diagram of an example of the use of a drainage geocomposite in a building structure.

The drainage geocomposite contains, with the possibility of twisting it into a roll 1 (Fig. 1), one (Fig. 2), two (Figs. 1 and 3), three (Figs. 4-5) or more (not shown) layers of geotissue 2 bonded to one (Figs. 1-3) or more (Figs. 4 and 5) by geotechnical gratings 3. It is possible to locate geotechnical gratings 3 in the drainage geocomposite directly on top of each other (Fig. 4) or through a layer of geotissue 2 bonded to them (figure 5). It is also possible to use different in design geotechnical gratings 3 (figure 5).

Cells 4 (6-8) of the geotechnical gratings 3 are formed of mutually intersecting strands 5 made, for example, of a polyolefin material, including light stabilizers, in which carbon black is used.

The configuration of cells 4 of the geotechnical grid 3 (Fig.6) is formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands 5 and the conjugations of these lines with the formation of a square in their borders.

The configuration of cells 4 of the geotechnical lattice 3 (Fig. 7) is formed by straight lines of the surfaces of the strands 5 and the conjugations of these lines with the formation of many triangles in their boundaries.

The configuration of cells 4 of the geotechnical grid 3 (Fig. 8) is formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands 5 and the conjugations of these lines with the formation of elongated ovals in their boundaries.

Variants (not shown) are also possible when the configuration of cells 4 of the geotechnical lattice 3 can be formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands 5 and the conjugations of these lines with the formation in their boundaries of various combinations with squares, triangles, and elongated ovals and other geometric shapes.

The layers of geotissue 2 are bonded (by rolling, welding, glue, etc.) with geotechnical gratings 3 only at the intersection of its strands 5, equipped with bulges 6 with a convex curved surface. Figure 9 shows an example of the location of the contacts 7 of such a fastening of the geotechnical grid 3 of Fig.6 with a layer of geotissue 2 rolled to it. Such a rolling can be done, for example, by heated rolls on a special device (not shown). As a result, the layers of geotextile 2 and the geotechnical lattice 2 are connected pointwise in its thickenings 6, forming the contact points 7 (Figs. 2-5) and the gaps 8 between the strands 5 of the geotechnical lattice 3 and the layer of geotextile 2, necessary for better ventilation of the drainage geocomposite elements and increase its drainage properties.

The types of drainage geocomposite described above (FIGS. 1–9) can be used as a special reinforcing element in various building structures. As an example (Fig. 10), the use of a drainage geocomposite made of a rolled-on layer of geotissue 2 to a geotechnical grid 3 is shown in a road structure with a railway bed 9 with laying of a drainage geocomposite on a sand base 10 and filling it with a reinforcing ballast, for example, crushed stone 11.

To do this, first form a building element. Why roll 1 (1), or several such rolls, from which form the canvas (or canvas) of the drainage geocomposite (geocomposites) with the location of it (them) on the open surface of the sandy base 10 (figure 10). Due to the implementation of the geotechnical lattice 3 (or lattices) flat (flat) with its cells 4, a simple geometric configuration is also simplified and reduced in size, in comparison with the analogue [1] and prototype [2], the construction of the building element based on the drainage geocomposite.

Then, crushed stone 11 is poured onto such a building element from above, ramming it and other preparatory operations. Then on top of the set of tracks 9.

The reinforcing properties of the drainage geocomposite are manifested in the building structure in that the features of the windows 4 and strands 5 of the geotechnical gratings 3 (FIGS. 2-8) with the said rounded shapes that increase the supporting area of the drainage geocomposite and reliably fix the lower layer of crushed stone 11 in their windows allow it is better to keep layers of the entire building structure from being displaced in the transverse and longitudinal direction.

The drainage properties of such a drainage geocomposite are also improved by reducing its hydraulic resistance and by forcibly draining water outside the building structure through the gaps 8 (Figs. 2-5) between the strands 5 of the geotechnical grating (s) 3 and the layer (s) of the geotextile 2. In this case, due to the point contacts of the layer (s) of the geotextile 2 with the geotechnical lattice (s) 3 and the convexity of the surfaces of its (their) thickenings 6 (Figs. 2-5), a guaranteed air gap is formed, which allows to improve the quality of ventilation and drainage ia in building construction.

In addition, due to the use of two structural elements - geofabric 2 and geotechnical lattice 3, which have good tensile and shock load resistance characteristics, the strength properties of the drainage geocomposite, the building element based on it and the reliability of the building structure in which they will be used will increase.

Information sources:

1. Patent US 5877096, IPC EV 02/00; E02D 29/02; ЕВВ 11/00, priority 1997.05.05, publication 1999.03.02.

2. Certificate RU 61725 U, IPC Е01С 9/00, Е01С 5/22, priority 2006.03.26, publication 2007.03.10 / prototype /.

3. Patent ES2278782, IPC E02D 31/00, B32B 5/18, priority 2001.08.22, publication 2007.08.16.

Claims (7)

1. A drainage geocomposite containing, with the possibility of twisting it into a roll, at least one layer of geotextile bonded to at least one geotechnical grid, the cells of which are formed from strands made mutually intersecting, characterized in that the geo-tissue layer is bonded to the geotechnical lattice only at the intersection its strands provided with bulges with a convex curved surface. 2. The geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands of the geotechnical lattice are made of a polyolefin material, including light stabilizers, which is used carbon black. 3. The geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that the configuration of the cells of the geotechnical lattice is formed by arched lines of the surfaces of the strands and the conjugations of these lines with the formation in their boundaries or squares, and / or triangles, and / or elongated ovals, or / and other geometric shapes . 4. The geocomposite according to claim 1, characterized in that more than one layer of geo-fabric is used, while the layers of geo-fabric are bonded to one or more geotechnical gratings. 5. The geocomposite according to claim 4, characterized in that in the drainage geocomposite the geotechnical gratings are located directly on top of each other or through a layer of geo-fabric bonded to them. 6. A geocomposite according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that geotechnical gratings of different designs are used in any combination of claim 3. 7. A building element, consisting of a supporting surface and a drainage geocomposite laid on it, characterized in that a drainage geocomposite made according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied.

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