RU135079U1 - STEAM GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A steam generator comprising a pump and an economizer connected in series, characterized in that a pulse water to steam converter and a valve are further connected in series, the pulse water to steam converter comprising a hollow body and a heater, while at the entrance of the hollow body connected to the output of the economizer, a water nozzle is installed, and the outlet of the hollow body is connected to the valve inlet.

Description

The utility model relates to boiler building and can be used in the design and manufacture of steam boilers, including ship boilers.

Known steam generator in the form of a water-tube auxiliary steam boiler with multiple forced circulation type "La Mont" (see, for example, A.S. Khryapchenkov "Ship auxiliary and recycling boilers": - 2nd ed. Rev. and Don. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1988, p. 12). It includes a series-connected steam-water collector, pump, screen pipes and steam-forming pipes with distributing and collecting collectors. Moreover, the output of the collecting manifold installed at the outlet of the steam generating pipes is connected to the water space of the steam-water collector. In this case, the screen tubes cover the lower and rear walls of the furnace in the form of a continuous screen, and in the output section of the furnace they form a rarefied bundle for the passage of gases.

In this steam generator, the fuel combustion products generated in the furnace wash the screen tubes and then wash the steam tubes. Water from the water space of the steam-water collector is taken by the pump and fed through the distributing collector to the screen pipes, where it is preheated and then through the collecting collector it enters the distributing collector of the vaporizing beam and then into the vaporizing pipes. The steam-water mixture from the steam-forming pipes through the collecting manifold enters the steam-water collector, where the steam is separated from the water. Steam accumulates at the top of the steam-water collector and is dispensed to consumers.

The disadvantage of such a steam generator is a large number of pipes (screen, steam-forming), many of their connections to the collectors. Many of the above elements work in very difficult conditions (especially steam-forming pipes and their connections) and most often fail. This leads to the appearance of malfunctions of the steam generator during operation. Repair is usually long, laborious, and often requires the complete removal of the steam generator.

A steam generator is also known in the form of a vertical water-tube recycling steam boiler with natural circulation (see, for example, AS Khryapchenkov “Ship auxiliary and recycling boilers”: - 2-ed. Rev. and additional - L .: Shipbuilding, 1988, pp. 17-18). It includes steam and water collectors connected by lowering and vapor-forming lifting pipes, as well as control valves.

The exhaust gases of the engine with the help of control flaps are directed to the vapor-forming lifting pipes. Steam bubbles form in them, which rise to the top and enter the water space of the steam-water collector and then stand out in its steam space. The steam space of the steam-water collector is filled with saturated steam. Steam from the steam-water collector will be dispensed to consumers.

This steam generator is inherent in all the main disadvantages of the previous device.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a useful model of a steam generator in the form of a steam boiler with natural circulation (see, for example, "Operation of ship's boiler plants" Textbook for higher engineering marine school / V.M. Fedorsnko , V.M. Zaletov, V.I. Rudepko, I.G. Belyaev, - M ,: Transport, 1991.- 227 s, p. 22). It includes a feed pump, an economizer, steam and water collectors connected by lowering and lifting pipes, a superheater.

In this boiler, water is fed by a feed pump through an economizer to the steam collector, from which it is directed through the downpipes to the water collector and then to the riser pipes where a steam-water mixture is formed, which again enters the steam collector. Here the steam is separated from the water, then the steam is discharged to the superheater and then goes to the consumer.

In boilers of this type, the economizer can be located at the outlet of the boiler’s gas duct, and the superheater pipes immediately after the riser pipes (see, for example, L. S. Khryapchenkov “Ship auxiliary and recycling boilers”: - 2nd ed. Rev. and add. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1988, pp. 8-11).

This steam generator has all the drawbacks inherent in the previously considered steam generators, which here are even more aggravated.

Firstly, there are additional pipes of the economizer and superheater and their connections, which can also fail.

Secondly, elements (steam superheater pipes and their connections) appear in this steam generator, working in more difficult conditions than in the devices discussed above.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the reliability of a steam generator by periodically repeating, rapid conversion of a certain portion of water into superheated steam in a pulse water converter into steam installed in a steam generator.

The goal of the utility model is achieved by the fact that in the well-known steam generator containing a pump and an economizer connected in series, a pulse water to steam converter and a valve are further connected in series, the pulse water to steam converter comprising a hollow body and a heater, while at the entrance of the hollow body connected to the output of the economizer, a water nozzle is installed, and the output of the hollow body is connected to the valve inlet.

The essence of the claimed utility model is that the pump periodically dispenses a certain portion of water through a pre-heater (economizer) and a water nozzle into a hollow body heated to a high temperature, where the water almost instantly turns into superheated steam; when a certain pressure is reached in the hollow body, the valve is activated and steam is supplied through it to consumers.

As follows from the essence of the claimed utility model, in this device there are no collectors (water, steam, superheater), as well as numerous pipes connecting them, which are integral elements of the above steam generators and many of which work in very difficult and stressful conditions. This is due to the fact that in the proposed device, all processes for converting water into superheated steam (heating to boiling, evaporation, steam overheating) occur in one element - a hollow body, heated to a high temperature. These properties of the claimed utility model are new, which do not coincide with the properties exhibited by distinguishing features in the known solutions and are not equal to the sum of these properties, which ensure the achievement of a new positive effect, namely that its reliability is significantly increased, since there are most often failures pipes and their connections to collectors.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a useful model of a steam generator. Pa figure 2 shows the structural diagram of a pulse Converter of water to steam.

The steam generator comprises a pump 1 and an economizer 2 connected in series, a pulse water to steam 3 converter and a valve 7 connected in series, the pulse water to steam 3 converter comprising a hollow body 4 and a heater 6, while at the entrance of the hollow body 4 connected to the output of the economizer 2, a water nozzle 5 is installed, and the outlet of the hollow body 4 is connected to the inlet of the valve 7.

The heater 6 maintains a predetermined high temperature of the inner walls of the hollow body 4, which ensures an almost instantaneous conversion of the portion of water injected through the nozzle 5 into superheated steam. Moreover, as a result of this transformation, the temperature of the walls of the hollow body 4 decreases slightly and the heat removed from them almost instantly is replenished by the heater of the hollow body 6.

Various schemes of a pulsed converter of water to steam 3 are possible. In particular, it can be made (in accordance with the structural diagram shown in FIG. 2) in the form of a massive metal part of a cylindrical shape with a cylindrical cavity in the center, acting as an element 4. On the one hand this cavity has a water nozzle 5, and on the other there is an outlet. At the same time, through the metal part, parallel to the cavity, there are through holes for the passage of combustion products, heating the walls of the cylindrical cavity 4. These holes act as an element 6.

Utility Model Implementation

The operation of the steam generator will be considered taking into account the fact that the pulse converter of water to steam is made in accordance with the structural diagram shown in figure 2. Combustion products, passing through holes in a massive metal part, heat (heat) the walls of the cylindrical cavity located in the center to a predetermined temperature. Pump 1 will give a portion of water of a certain size to economizer 2, where it is preheated and then it is fed to the input of a pulse water converter into steam 3 to the input of water nozzle 5. Water nozzle 5 sprays the incoming portion of water along the hot walls of the cylindrical cavity 4. When This almost instantly evaporates the water and then the steam is heated to the temperature corresponding to the superheated steam. As a result, a portion of the water injected through the water nozzle 5 is converted into superheated steam. In this case, the temperature of the walls of the cylindrical cavity 4 decreases somewhat, but then the heat removed from them is quickly replenished by the heater of the cylinder 6, that is, the heat given off by the combustion products passing through the through holes in the metal part.

As a result, superheated steam of a certain temperature and pressure is formed in the hollow body 4. The pressure and temperature of superheated steam are mainly determined by the dimensions of the hollow body 4, the temperature of its walls and a portion of the water supplied to the inlet of the nozzle 5. The superheated steam through the outlet of the hollow body 4 enters the output of the pulse water converter into steam 3 and then to the valve inlet 7. When the set pressure is reached, valve 7 is activated and superheated steam is dispensed to consumers.

As follows from the essence of the claimed utility model, in this device there are no collectors (water, steam, superheater), as well as numerous pipes connecting them, which are integral elements of the above steam generators and many of which work in very difficult and stressful conditions.

Thus, in the proposed utility model of a steam generator, all the processes for converting water into superheated steam: heating to boiling, evaporation, steam overheating - occur in one element, on the red-hot walls of a hollow body. As a result, there is no need for water and steam-water collectors, a superheater, as well as numerous pipes connecting them as part of the steam generator. And since there are no most often failing pipes and their connections with collectors, the reliability of the proposed steam generator is significantly increased.

Claims (1)

A steam generator comprising a pump and an economizer connected in series, characterized in that a pulse water to steam converter and a valve are further connected in series, the pulse water to steam converter comprising a hollow body and a heater, while at the entrance of the hollow body connected to the output of the economizer, a water nozzle is installed, and the outlet of the hollow body is connected to the valve inlet.

Images