RU134691U1 - ELECTRIC FLEXIBLE CABLE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electric flexible cable containing one or more main conductive conductors, a zero or no ground conductor, screens on the main conductive conductors of electrically conductive elastomers, insulation of conductors from olefin thermoplastic elastomers, insulation screens of the main conductive conductors of conductive elastomers or without them, the separation layer of polymeric materials or without it, the outer polymer shell, characterized in that the core insulation is made of dynamically vulcanized olefin ermoelastoplastov.2. Flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation of the cores uses a dynamically vulcanized alkenediene thermoplastic elastomeric insulating grade ATEPi based on ethylene propylene diene rubber and polypropylene. Flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sheath uses an oil-petrol-resistant mixed vinyl nitrile thermoplastic elastomer TEPmb based on polyvinyl chloride resin and butadiene acrylonitrile rubber. Flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the screens are used as an electrically conductive mixed vinyl nitrile thermoplastic elastomer TEPep containing carbon black. Flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the main conductive wires are made of ultrafine aluminum wires or alloys thereof, modified with rare or rare earth metals, or alkaline or alkaline earth metals, or semiconductor materials, or mixtures thereof, including superplastic wires ultrafine alloy aluminum alloys

Description

The utility model relates to cable technology, namely, to designs of electric flexible cables intended for non-stationary laying in ground and underground conditions, as well as indoors and connecting mobile machines, mechanisms and equipment to electric networks and to mobile sources of electric energy, including power and auxiliary circuits.

Known designs of electric flexible cables of the KG brand for a voltage of 660 V according to TU 16.K73.05-93, the year of commissioning 1993, Russia, and the KGE brand for a voltage of 6 kV according to TU 16.K73.02-88, the year of commissioning 1989, Russia, containing one or more copper conductive cores, rubber core insulation and an outer rubber sheath. Cables of the KGE brand additionally contain screens for conductors and insulation of conductors from conductive rubber. The disadvantages of these flexible cable designs are:

- low operating temperature of cores (not more than 75 ° C);

- reduced electrical insulation resistance;

- increased weight;

- reduced resistance to repeated bending and abrasion;

- reduced frost resistance (up to minus 40 ° C);

- increased flammability;

- low resistance to oils and fuels;

- increased complexity of manufacturing;

- low service life.

Currently, flexible cables with insulation of conductive conductors, shields and an outer sheath made of extrudable thermoplastic materials are becoming more widely used. When using these materials, the complexity of manufacturing cables is significantly reduced, and their operational characteristics are also increased.

The closest in parameters to the utility model is a cable for rolling stock of rail vehicles according to patent No. 69677 for utility model, Russia (prototype), containing twisted copper conductive cores, each of which is coated with olefin thermoplastic elastomer insulation, and the outer polymer sheath of polyvinyl chloride plastic. The disadvantages of the prototype:

- reduced operating temperature of the cores (not more than 90 ° C);

- reduced specific electrical insulation resistance of conductors;

- reduced resistance to repeated bends;

- reduced resistance to oils and fuels;

- limitation of the scope.

The disadvantages of the prototype reduce the performance and scope of flexible cables. Cables of the prototype are used only for rolling stock of rail vehicles.

The technical task of the utility model is the development of an electric flexible cable that exceeds the prototype in terms of basic characteristics, as well as a better and more reliable cable designed for non-stationary laying in any conditions. The technical result is achieved in that the insulation of the cores is made of dynamically vulcanized olefin thermoplastic elastomers.

A common feature of the prototype and the proposed technical solution is the presence of conductive conductors, insulated with olefin thermoplastic elastomer and the outer polymer shell. At the same time, the proposed cable differs from the known one in that the core insulation is made of dynamically vulcanized olefin thermoplastic elastomers. Olefin thermoplastic elastomers (TEP) according to the prototype are materials obtained by mixing olefin rubber with an olefin thermoplastic. Mixed olefin TECs at elevated temperatures (more than 90 ° C) have unsatisfactory physical and mechanical properties and have low resistance to aggressive environments. In this regard, the scope of mixed TEC is limited. The most promising are dynamically vulcanized olefin TECs, due to the wide temperature range of operability, high physical and mechanical characteristics and increased resistance to aggressive environments. Dynamically vulcanized olefin TECs are obtained by intensive mechanical mixing of olefin rubber with an olefin thermoplastic while vulcanizing rubber during mixing. In this case, due to partial or complete vulcanization of the rubber phase using various vulcanizing systems (sulfuric, resin, peroxide, silane), it becomes possible to modify the physicomechanical and operational characteristics of materials. This is achieved due to the formation of a characteristic heterophase structure, which is a finely dispersed (submicron) vulcanized rubber phase in a continuous thermoplastic medium. During vulcanization of rubber, the melt viscosity of the mixture increases to maximum values. Due to large shear deformations, fine rubber particles of 1-2 microns in size are evenly distributed in the volume of the thermoplastic. In this case, the material properties significantly change. First of all, in proportion to the degree of crosslinking, the strength and elongation at break increase. At the same time, the yield strength under tension of the polymer is reduced to zero. According to their physical and mechanical characteristics, dynamically vulcanized TECs are close to rubbers, but, unlike them, new materials can be processed on thermoplastics equipment using waste-free technology. As olefin rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber is used. Polypropylene is most often used as an olefin thermoplastic. Polyethylene, a block copolymer of ethylene with propylene, and copolymers of ethylene with C5-C9 α-olefins can also be used. Sulfur, phenolic resins, organic peroxides, polyhydrosiloxanes are used as a vulcanizing additive.

To isolate the conductors of a flexible cable, the authors of the utility model developed a dynamically vulcanized alkenedienic TEP insulation grade ATEPi TU 2243-047-50289046-2013, commissioned year 2013, Russia, based on ethylene propylene diene rubber and polypropylene with a specific electrical resistance of 5 · 10 ¹⁵ Ohm · cm and Permissible heating temperature 130 ° C. For the outer sheath of the flexible cable, a mixed vinyl nitrile TEP with increased oil and gas resistance of the TEPmb grade TU 2243-047-50289046-2013, the year of entry 2013, Russia, based on polyvinyl chloride resin and butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber is developed. For flexible cable shields, an electrically conductive mixed vinyl nitrile TEP of the TEPep brand has been developed according to TU 2243-047-50289046-2013 containing carbon black. According to a utility model, the main current-carrying conductors of the cable can be made of ultrafine wires of aluminum or its alloys modified with rare or rare-earth metals, or alkaline or alkaline-earth metals, or semiconductor materials, or their mixtures, including from wires of superplastic aluminum alloys with ultrafine-grained or nanocrystalline structure.

Flexible electric cable according to a utility model (Fig.) Contains one or more main conductive conductors (ACL) 1, screens 2 according to main ACL of conductive elastomers or without them, insulation 3 of conductors of dynamically vulcanized olefin thermoplastic elastomers, screens 4 of insulation of main ACL of electrically conductive elastomers or without them, a separation layer 5 of polymer materials or without it, one or two-layer outer polymer sheath 6. The list of conductive cores included in various brands of flexible cable: basic (phases s) conductors, a neutral conductor or earth wire, auxiliary cores lighting circuits, control and management.

The 6 kV flexible cable proposed by the authors of the utility model is manufactured using the following technology. The main conductive wires 1 are twisted on a twisting machine from one or more concentric strands of strands (twisted bundles of wires), in a spiral in alternating directions with a certain twisting pitch. In this case, one strand is placed in the center of the core. The upper strand of strands should have a left torsion direction. The direction of twisting the wires into the strand is left. During twisting TPG can be sealed with crimp rollers. When the core is compacted, the diameter of the cable decreases and its operational characteristics increase. The main conductive conductors 1 are successively extruded by a screen 2 of an electrically conductive thermoplastic elastomer of the TEPep brand, insulation 3 from an electrically insulating thermoplastic elastomer of the ATEPi brand, screen 4 of an electrically conductive thermoplastic elastomer of the TEPep brand. The inner shield 2 or insulation 3 must be separated from the core without damage. The core insulation should fit snugly against the screens. Detachment of screens from insulation is not allowed. The auxiliary conductors, the zero core and the grounding core are extruded by insulation from the electrical insulation thermoplastic elastomer ATEPi. It is allowed not to apply insulation to the ground conductor. Insulated conductors are twisted together in a twisting machine. The direction of the strand veins is right. On top of the twisted cores, a separating layer 5 of a polymer film or non-woven fabric is applied. On top of the separation layer, one or two-layer sheath 6 is made by extrusion of an oil-petrol-resistant thermoplastic elastomer TEPmb. In this case, the inner layer of the shell can be made of electrically conductive TEC. The cable cores during cutting should be separated from each other and from the sheath without damage to the insulation and the screen.

The materials used for the manufacture of the proposed cable are mass-produced.

Advantages of the new cable:

- high manufacturability in manufacturing;

- high operational characteristics;

- increased reliability and durability;

- wider scope.

Flexible electric cables according to a utility model with core insulation made of dynamically vulcanized olefin thermoplastic elastomers have passed comprehensive tests at cable plants in the Russian Federation with positive results. Production of these cables has been established.

Claims (5)

1. An electric flexible cable containing one or more main conductive conductors, a zero or no ground conductor, screens on the main conductive conductors of electrically conductive elastomers, insulation of conductors from olefin thermoplastic elastomers, insulation screens of the main conductive conductors of conductive elastomers or without them, the separation layer of polymeric materials or without it, the outer polymer shell, characterized in that the core insulation is made of dynamically vulcanized olefin ermoelastoplastov. 2. The flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that dynamically vulcanized alkenediene thermoplastic elastomeric insulation ATEPi based on ethylene propylene diene rubber and polypropylene is used as core insulation. 3. The flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sheath uses an oil-petrol-resistant mixed vinyl nitrile thermoplastic elastomer TEPmb brand based on polyvinyl chloride resin and butadiene acrylonitrile rubber. 4. The electric flexible cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the screens are used as an electrically conductive mixed vinyl nitrile thermoplastic elastomer TEPep containing carbon black. 5. The flexible electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the main conductive wires are made of ultrafine aluminum wires or alloys thereof, modified with rare or rare earth metals, or alkaline or alkaline earth metals, or semiconductor materials, or mixtures thereof, including wires of superplastic aluminum alloys with ultrafine-grained or nanocrystalline structure.

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