RU133498U1 - SINGLE-VEHICLE VEHICLE WITH PERMANENT VERTICAL WHEELS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A single-track vehicle with constantly vertical wheels, comprising a frame with an engine mounted on it, a brake system, an electric transmission, a steering wheel for controlling the direction of travel and wheels with treads connected to the frame, characterized in that both vehicle wheels are driven and controlled, with a width of treads of wheels equal to 400-600 mm, and connected to the frame through vertical suspension forks through hinges with the possibility of deviating sideways from the vertical plane to the given the angle, depending on the angle of rotation of the steering wheel, rigidly connected with the front hinge, while the plane of rotation of the wheels is made vertical, and the driving and steered wheels are made to rotate left-right depending on the direction of rotation of the steering wheel, in contact with the road surface with the entire tread width .2. A single-track vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a closed non-load-bearing body fixedly mounted by means of a bolted connection to the frame elements, to protect against external negative factors and increase passive safety in the event of a traffic accident.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, and more specifically, to mechanical vehicles and can be used mainly in the production of single-track vehicles such as motorcycles, mopeds.

The prior art single-track vehicles (OTC) for example (patent RU 2066651, published September 20, 1996) containing a frame, an engine mounted on the frame, a driving and driven wheels, a mechanical transmission connecting the engine and the driving wheel with the possibility of change gear ratio, brake system and control system associated with the engine, transmission and brake. OTS using the control system can accelerate, slow down and turn. In a turn, the OTS should tilt toward the center of rotation so as not to be overturned by centrifugal force, while the wheels are tilted and come in contact with the expensive side face.

Also known is a bicycle with an electric drive (patent application RU No. 2001124441, published July 20, 2003), consisting of a frame, a driven wheel with a wheel, a driving wheel, an electric drive. The bicycle is set in motion by the driver’s feet and the electric drive, it turns at the expense of the steering wheel. In cornering, the bicycle must also be tilted to overcome centrifugal force and its wheels interact with the side surface of the road.

The disadvantages of the above OTC are: unstable equilibrium in a stationary state; poor stability at low speeds; cornering difficulty; a rigid dependence of the angle of inclination of the frame when moving in a turn, depending on the speed and radius of rotation; reducing the contact patch of the OTS wheels with the road surface when driving in a turn, since they tilt together with the frame and begin to come into contact with the expensive side surface.

The above disadvantages lead to:

- to a high probability of a vehicle falling in a parking lot and at low speeds;

- the need to use additional support (steps or legs of the driver) so that the vehicle does not fall in the parking lot and stop;

- to the need for taxiing at low speeds;

- to reduce stability in the corner;

- to reduce reliability and increase the risk of a traffic accident.

Among the OTC known from the prior art, the all-season single-track off-road vehicle (patent RU2360822, published July 10, 2009), which we adopted as a prototype, contains the frame with the engine mounted on it, the brake system, and the closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model. driving mode control, connected to the rear wheel fork by levers and having the ability to control engine and brake operation, a front drive wheel mounted in the front of the frame and a rear swivel The fifth wheel installed in the fork, the vertical axis of which is located in the bearing of the rear of the frame, the wheels have different diameters and tread widths of 300-350 mm.

An all-weather single-track off-road vehicle is accelerated using the front drive wheel, and turns on a motorcycle principle with the help of a rear steered wheel by turning the steering wheel associated with it with levers. Wide front and rear wheels (300-350 mm wide) increase the stability of the rectilinear movement of this vehicle.

The main disadvantages of the prototype are: the complexity of control in the rotation; a rigid dependence of the angle of inclination of the frame when moving in a turn, depending on the speed and radius of rotation; reduction of the contact patch of the OTS wheels with the road surface when driving in a turn, since they tilt together with the frame and begin to contact the expensive side surface; the inability to make the front wheel steered.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to increase the stability of the OTC: in a stationary state, at low speeds in a rectilinear motion and at any speed in the bend and facilitate the management of the OTC in the bend, and as a result to increase the safety of operation of the OTC.

The essence of the proposed utility model is that a single-track vehicle contains a frame with an engine mounted on it, a brake system, an electric transmission, a steering wheel for controlling the direction of travel and wheels with treads connected to the frame, the difference according to the utility model is that both the vehicle’s wheels are driven and controlled with a wheel tread width of 400-600 mm and connected to the frame via vertical suspension forks through hinges with the possibility of deviation from the vertical plane to the side by a predetermined angle, depending on the angle of rotation of the steering wheel rigidly connected with the front hinge, while the plane of rotation of the wheels is made vertical, and the driving and steering wheels themselves are capable of turning left-right, depending on the direction of rotation of the steering wheel, in contact with the road surface with the entire tread width.

Another difference is that the single-track vehicle is equipped with a closed load-bearing body, fixedly mounted by bolting to the frame elements, to protect against external negative factors and increase passive safety in the event of a traffic accident.

The technical result consists in the possibility for the OTC to move in a straight line and in a turn with constantly vertical wheels (the plane of rotation of the wheels is always perpendicular to the road surface) and in the appearance of a stable equilibrium for the OTS in a stationary state.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a diagram of the OTC with constantly vertical wheels, side view;

figa is a diagram of the rectilinear motion of the OTC with constantly vertical wheels, rear view;

figb is a diagram of the movement of the OTC with constantly vertical wheels when turning;

figure 3 - OTS with constantly vertical wheels option with a body.

A single-track vehicle consists of a frame 1, to which, through the vertical forks of the front 2 and rear 3 of the suspension, the front 6 and rear 7 steering and driving wheels are attached via hinges 4 and 5. On frame 1 are also located: a steering wheel 8 (motorcycle type) rigidly connected to a hinge 4, an engine 9, an electric transmission 10, in addition to an embodiment, a closed non-carrying body 12 can be attached in several places to the frame 1 by means of a bolt connection 11.

The operation of the device is as follows.

In a stationary state, the claimed OTC has a stable equilibrium from lateral tipping due to the use of wheels 6 and 7 with a tread width of 400-600 mm.

The movement in a straight line is due to the operation of the engine 9 and the electric transmission 10, which transmits torque to the driving wheels 6 and 7, regardless of the inclination of the frame 1 of the OTC and the position of the wheels 6 and 7. The movement in a straight line is stable, since the wheels are 6 and 7 s a tread width of 400-600 mm prevent it from tipping over in the transverse plane. (figa)

Upon entering the turn, the driver turns the steering wheel 8, which is rigidly connected with the hinge 4. The hinge 4 turns the fork of the front suspension 2 and through it the front steered wheel 6 by a predetermined angle in the direction of rotation, leaving it in a vertical position, while frame 1 rotates around the hinge 4 , leaning in the direction of rotation (figb).

Simultaneously with the inclination of the frame 1, the hinge 5 rotates, causing the rear suspension fork 3 and the rear steered wheel 7 to turn in the direction of rotation, while the rear suspension fork 3 and the wheel 7 remain in the vertical position (Fig.2b).

The stability of the OTC in rotation is ensured by the centrifugal force of Ru and the presence of a large contact spot of the steered wheels 6 and 7 with a tread width of 400-600 mm, which continue to contact the road surface with the entire tread width, since the plane of rotation of the wheels 6 and 7 remains perpendicular to the road surface .

Upon exiting the turn, the driver turns the steering wheel 8 to its original position, the hinge 4 rigidly connected to the steering wheel 8 returns the front suspension 2 fork and the steered wheel 6 to its original position, leaving the wheel 6 in the vertical position, while the frame 1 rotates around the hinges 4 and 5 in the vertical position, the rear suspension fork 3 of the steered wheel 7 is rotated around a vertical axis in the hinge 5, translating the steered wheel 7 to its original position, while leaving it vertical (figa).

A mechanical drive of torque from the engine 9 to the drive wheels 6 and 7 is impossible due to the fact that the frame 1 of the OTC deviates from the vertical in rotation, and the drive wheels 6 and 7 remain always vertical and can still be rotated relative to the frame 1 left and right, since they are controllable, that is, the planes of rotation of the wheels and the output shaft of the engine are constantly changing, the position of the hubs (centers of rotation) of the driving wheels 6 and 7 relative to the engine is also changing, so the energy is transmitted to them using an electric transmission 10 (by wires).

The presence of a closed body 12 attached to the frame 1 by means of a bolted connection 11 (in several places) allows you to protect it from external negative factors, such as rain, snow, wind, dirt, etc. Body 12 also increases the passive safety of the OTC in the event of a traffic accident, since it takes on part of the impact energy in a collision (due to deformation) and does not allow the OTC to tip over 180 degrees (stand on ears) when it falls, and therefore does not crush the people in it ..

The use of wheels with a tread width of 400-600 mm and two hinges for attaching the suspension to the frame is a new solution and may be of interest to any OTC, since it creates a stable equilibrium of the OTC in a stationary state and at low speeds of linear motion, and a constant vertical position of the steered wheels at turning while tilting the frame to the center of rotation increases lateral stability and facilitates the management of OTC.

Claims (2)

1. A single-track vehicle with constantly vertical wheels, comprising a frame with an engine mounted on it, a brake system, an electric transmission, a steering wheel for controlling the direction of travel and wheels with treads connected to the frame, characterized in that both vehicle wheels are driven and controlled, with a width of treads of wheels equal to 400-600 mm, and connected to the frame through vertical suspension forks through hinges with the possibility of deviating sideways from the vertical plane to the given the angle, depending on the angle of rotation of the steering wheel, rigidly connected with the front hinge, while the plane of rotation of the wheels is made vertical, and the driving and steering wheels themselves are rotatable left-right depending on the direction of rotation of the steering wheel, in contact with the road surface with the entire width of the tread . 2. The single-track vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a closed load-bearing body fixedly mounted by means of a bolted connection to the frame elements, to protect against external negative factors and increase passive safety in the event of a traffic accident.

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