RU129950U1 - WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM IN POINTS OF TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION OF POPULATION AFFECTED BY EMERGENCY - Google Patents

Abstract

A water treatment device at temporary accommodation centers for the affected population, including a separate coastal water intake system and a reagent technological water treatment system, characterized in that the coastal water intake system is made in the form of a water intake chamber containing entrance windows located on a vertical wall of the water intake chamber and below two levels characteristic of the minimum water level: UVmin in the source - during the drought period, and for the maximum water level UVmax - during the flood period, when flat nets are fixed on the inlet windows, and a vertical partition is made in the water intake chamber with holes in the lower part, which acts as an element equalizing the pressure in front of the suction pipes with a strainer at the end, and a room for controlling the shore well fittings is mounted in the upper part of the water intake chamber moreover, the suction pipes are laid along the insulating gallery to the pumping station of the first lift, from which water flows to the sand trap, and then to the septum mixer, in The corresponding reagents come from the station of the reagent farm, while the flocculation vortex chamber serves for more intensive mixing of the mixture coming from the mixer and contributes to the precipitation of flakes that enter the horizontal settler, and in the chain there is a unit designed for introducing reagents for deodorization or intensification of the filtering process water that enters the quick filter, and passing through the installation for disinfecting water, enters the clean water tank, which

Description

The utility model relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular, to Water intake devices from sources with a wide range of water level fluctuations that occur during natural disasters, such as floods or droughts.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the water intake system for as. USSR No. 1234542 MKI E03B 3/04, 1986), containing a water intake head, a submersible pump, a pipeline made with branching in the form of two vertical wells, pumping stations and cleaning systems.

The disadvantage of this water intake device is the ability to capture sediments due to the lack of a water intake threshold and blockage by floating objects and a sludge of inlet openings and insufficient reliability with large fluctuations in levels due to an increase in the suction height.

EFFECT: increased reliability and efficiency of obtaining pure water from a source.

This is achieved by the fact that in the water treatment device in temporary accommodation centers for the affected population, including a separate coastal water intake system and a reagent technological water treatment system, the coastal water intake system is made in the form of a water intake chamber containing entrance windows located on the vertical wall of the water intake chambers and below two levels characteristic of the minimum water level: UVmin in the source (during the drought period), and for the maximum water level UVmax (during the flood period), moreover, flat grids are fixed on the inlet windows, and a vertical partition is made in the water intake chamber with holes in the lower part, which acts as an element equalizing the pressure in front of the suction pipes with a strainer at the end, and a room for controlling the shore well fittings is mounted on the upper part of the water intake chamber, moreover, the suction pipes are laid through a heat-insulating gallery to the pumping station of the first rise, from which water flows to the sand trap, and then to the septum mixer, in which receives the corresponding reagents from the reagent farm station, while the flocculation vortex chamber serves to more intensively mix the mixture coming from the mixer and contributes to the precipitation of flakes that enter the horizontal settler, and there is a unit in the chain for introducing reagents to deodorize or intensify the filtering process water that enters the quick filter, and passing through the installation for disinfection of water enters the clean water tank, which knitted with a pumping station of the second rise, while the sand trap contains a container in which the waste fluid moves at a speed of 0.1 ÷ 0.3 m / s depending on the size and density of the deposited particles, and which is made in the form of a reinforced concrete body buried in the ground , and made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having a horizontal base reinforced with a metal perforated sheet, two vertical walls and two end walls, with a lid with a hole and a hatch mounted on top of the body to remove sludge, which it is connected to a removable slab of sand trap with openings for storm drains, and on the base there is mounted a vibratory tray mounted on a shock-absorbing mat, which serves to more efficiently remove sludge during washing of the sand trap, while a pipe for wastewater supply is made in the vertical wall, and in the opposite a vertical wall has a pipe for discharging wastewater into the sewer with a pocket for discharging.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a coastal water intake of a separate type, figure 2 - the main technological scheme of water treatment (reagent), figure 3 - frontal section of the sand trap.

The water treatment device in temporary accommodation centers for the affected population includes a separate coastal water intake system (Fig. 1) and a reagent technological water treatment system (Fig. 2). The coastal water intake system (Fig. 1) contains a water intake chamber 1, containing inlet windows 2 located on the vertical wall of the water intake chamber 1 and below two levels characteristic of the minimum water level UBmin in the source (during the drought period), and for the maximum water level UVmax (during the flood). Flat nets 3 are fixed on the inlet windows 2. In the intake chamber 1, a vertical partition 4 is made with openings in the lower part, which acts as an element equalizing the pressure in front of the suction pipes 5 with a mesh filter at the end. In the upper part of the water intake chamber 1, a room 7 is mounted for controlling the reinforcement of the shore well. The suction pipes 5 are laid along the insulating gallery 6 to the pump station 8 of the first lift, from which water flows to the sand trap 9, and then to the cloisonne mixer 11, into which the corresponding reagents come from the reagent station 10. The swirling chamber 12 of flocculation serves for more intensive mixing mixture coming from the mixer 11 and contributes to the loss of flakes that enter the horizontal settler 13. The node 14 is designed to enter reagents for deodorization or intensification of the process pouring water, which enters the quick filter 15, and passing through the installation 16 for disinfecting water enters the tank 17 clean water, which is connected to the pumping station 18 of the second rise.

The sand trap 9 contains a reinforced concrete case (Fig. 3), buried in the ground, and made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having a horizontal base 19 (bottom), reinforced with a metal perforated sheet 20, two vertical walls 23, 24 and two end walls (not falling into the cut shown in the drawing). On top of the housing is mounted a lid 27 with an opening 28 and a hatch 29 for removing sludge 30, which is connected to a removable plate 25 for overlapping the sand trap with openings 26 for storm water. A vibratory tray 22 is mounted on the bottom 19, mounted on a shock-absorbing mat 21, which serves to more efficiently remove sludge when washing the sand trap. A pipe 31 for supplying wastewater is made in the vertical wall 23, and a pipe 33 for discharging wastewater into the sewer with a pocket 32 for discharge is made in the opposite vertical wall 24.

The water treatment device in the temporary accommodation of the population affected by the emergency works as follows

The coastal water intake is arranged in the presence of a sufficiently steep shore (when laying 1: 3 or 1: 2), and the depth at the shore should be sufficient for the location of the receiving windows of the water intake. In this case, water intake is carried out directly to the coastal well, which is called the coastal grid room. The coastal grid room can be combined with a pumping station and then the water intake is called the coastal combined type. If the grid room is located separately from the pumping station, the water intake is called a coastal separate type. In the presence of soft subsidence soils in the water intake gauge, the suction pipes are laid in the passage or semi-passage gallery. Wells are usually used to extract groundwater in modern water pipelines. If the well is self-flowing, then its head is equipped only with control equipment consisting of valves, manometers, flow meters. If the water from the well does not spill out on its own, then it is also equipped with a water-lifting device of one type or another (a centrifugal pump or an air lift-airlift).

Water taken from surface sources usually contains various contaminants and, in its natural state, does not meet all the requirements of GOST for the quality of drinking water, therefore such water from the intake is sent to treatment facilities. Groundwater is much cleaner than surface water and can often be supplied to consumers without additional treatment and preparation. The processes of water treatment using reagents (figure 2) are more intensive and much more efficient. So, for the deposition of the bulk of suspended solids using reagents, it takes 2-4 hours, and without reagents - several days. Using reagents, filtering is carried out at a speed of 5-12 m / h (or more), and without reagents (slow filtering) - 0.1-0.3 m / h. When treating water using reagents, the water treatment facilities are much smaller in volume, more compact and cheaper, but more difficult to operate.

Water disinfection is carried out to destroy the pathogenic bacteria and viruses contained in it. Most often, water chlorination is used, as well as other methods of disinfection (ozonation, bactericidal radiation, etc.). They also use special methods of processing both drinking water and industrial water, for example, deodorization-removal of flavors and odors. If the source water contains a large amount of iron (or fluorine), it may be necessary to deironize it (or defluoride it). Usually, manganese is removed simultaneously with iron removal.

Sand trap works as follows. Contaminants that are in the undissolved and partially colloidal state, which are retained by gratings that are placed at the inlet of the sewage into the treatment plant (not shown), are removed from the waste fluid. During mechanical cleaning, the waste fluid, if necessary, is filtered through a sieve to capture fibrous impurities (not shown in the drawing). Sand, slag, as well as the bulk of suspended solids, are precipitated by drastically reducing the velocity of the waste fluid in the sand traps and sumps. Most often, sand traps are built at enterprises for local wastewater treatment, which is a container in which the wastewater moves at a speed of 0.1 ÷ 0.3 m / s, depending on the size and density of the deposited particles, as well as on the type of device. Suspended particles 30 fall on the bottom 19 of the sand trap, from where they are removed with the help of a vibrating tray 22 through the hatch 23 to remove sludge. The wastewater freed from suspended particles is poured from the surface into the outlet pocket 32, from where it enters the sewer 33.

Claims (1)

A water treatment device at temporary accommodation centers for the affected population, including a separate coastal water intake system and a reagent technological water treatment system, characterized in that the coastal water intake system is made in the form of a water intake chamber containing entrance windows located on a vertical wall of the water intake chamber and below two levels characteristic of the minimum water level: UVmin in the source - during the drought period, and for the maximum water level UVmax - during the flood period, when flat nets are fixed on the inlet windows, and a vertical partition is made in the water intake chamber with holes in the lower part, which acts as an element equalizing the pressure in front of the suction pipes with a strainer at the end, and a room for controlling the shore well fittings is mounted in the upper part of the water intake chamber moreover, the suction pipes are laid along the insulating gallery to the pumping station of the first lift, from which water flows to the sand trap, and then to the septum mixer, in The corresponding reagents come from the station of the reagent farm, while the flocculation vortex chamber serves for more intensive mixing of the mixture coming from the mixer and contributes to the precipitation of flakes that enter the horizontal settler, and in the chain there is a unit designed for introducing reagents for deodorization or intensification of the filtering process water that enters the quick filter, and passing through the installation for disinfecting water, enters the clean water tank, which is connected with the pumping station of the second lift, while the sand trap contains a container in which the waste fluid moves at a speed of 0.1 ÷ 0.3 m / s depending on the size and density of the deposited particles, and which is made in the form of a reinforced concrete body buried in the ground and made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having a horizontal base reinforced with a metal perforated sheet, two vertical walls and two end walls, with a lid with a hole and a hatch mounted on top of the body to remove sludge, which connected to a removable slab of sand trap with openings for storm drains, and on the base there is a vibration trap mounted on a shock-absorbing mat, which serves to more efficiently remove sludge during washing of the sand trap, while a pipe for supplying wastewater is made in the vertical wall, and in the opposite wall the vertical wall is a pipeline for the discharge of wastewater into the sewer with a pocket for release.

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