RU128894U1 - MULTIFUNCTIONAL AUTOMATIC COMPLEX STATION OF INTELLECTUAL WELL - Google Patents

Abstract

A multifunctional automatic complex station of an intellectual well, including submersible equipment, consisting of a submersible pump with a submersible electric motor, a submersible heating cable line, an electric communication line and ground equipment, consisting of a control device connected via inputs and outputs to ground and submersible equipment, with the possibility of control submersible electric motor and cable heating, generator, characterized in that it is made in one housing, equipped with a module without wired and / or wired communication with the ability to control, receive and transmit data via wireless and / or wired communication, a reagent storage tank, a metering pump, a pressure gauge, a level gauge with the ability to transmit information to a control device, a reagent flow meter with the ability to transmit data about reagent consumption for the control device, pipe fittings, inductor, immersion heating cable line is additionally equipped with a capillary pipeline, the electric communication line is additionally sleep wife submersible telemetry system, a high-frequency generator configured to transmit power to the inductor, placed at a distance of 1000 m from the generator.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of oil production, in particular, to the design of a multifunctional automatic complex station of an intellectual well for simultaneous control of a submersible electric motor, heating of the tubing, dosed supply of the reagent, induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone and / or oil pipelines, or separate execution of these actions, and can be used in the fields for oil production from wells.

In the prior art, cable lines are individually known that perform the role of individually supplying a cable submersible electric motor (PED) and cable lines for heating, which are laid in parallel into the well along tubing (tubing).

Recently, however, installations have been developed that provide simultaneous power to the submersible electric motor and heating of the formation fluid.

Known cable lines for supplying electricity from the surface of the earth (from the control station) to the submersible electric motor PED [1]. The specified cable line consists of a main supply cable (round or flat) and a flat extension cable connected to it with a cable entry sleeve. In this case, the conductors of the main cable and extension cable are made of copper. The need for copper conductive conductors is due to minimize the ohmic resistance of the wires to minimize heat loss of the cable line (copper from widely available materials has the lowest electrical resistivity

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However, when producing highly viscous oil or when producing oil complicated by asphaltene-tar-paraffin deposits (AFS), it is possible that the SEM, main cable, and extension cable may overheat due to an increase in current load due to a decrease in engine speed (wedging), which means electrical breakdown is possible, which leads to the need to replace the cable and / or SEM. This leads to a decrease in reliability and increased material costs.

A known installation in the form of a cable line for heating the well fluid, consisting of interconnected low-temperature and heating sections of the cable [2]. The free ends of the low-temperature section are connected to a power source, and the free ends of the heating section of the cable are interconnected to form a closed electrical circuit and are isolated. In this case, the heating section is made of three consecutive cable sections, each of which includes three conductive wires of different phases, one of which is heating, made with greater resistance than two adjacent low-temperature wires of the connected sections of the cable heating section. In places of intergrowths of the upper section with the middle and middle sections with the lower conductive conductors are connected to the transmission of the heating core so that the sections of the heating core along the length of the cable line are sequentially located in the conductive wires of different phases.

The specified design of the known installation in the form of a cable line provides heating of the well fluid located in the region of the heating section of the cable.

However, this cable line is difficult to manufacture, it involves the manufacture of a cable with conductors from different materials, many additional splices of conductive conductors with high temperature loads, which in severe borehole conditions can lead to insulation failure in these places, short circuit and failure of the entire cable lines. Thus, such a design is not sufficiently reliable.

In addition, heating the well fluid with a well-known installation in the form of a cable line will be carried out only by its conductors with the greatest ohmic resistance (for example, a central steel core), and the rest serve only to form an electric circuit without generating heat. Thus, expensive material with low resistivity is not used efficiently.

Also known is a system for simultaneously supplying a submersible electric motor and heating a well fluid [3], consisting of a SEM, a control station, a matching power transformer and a cable line connecting them. The cable line consists of at least two sections of the electric cable, one of which is connected to the ground power supply units and the control station, and the second to the PED, between which there is a heating section of the cable, the conductive wires of which are electrically connected in series with the conductive conductors of the electric cable. As an electric cable, an extension cable with a cable entry sleeve can be used for connection to a SEM. The conductors of the heating section of the cable are made of steel, and the conductors of the electric cable are made of copper. The resistances of each conductive core of the heating section of the cable and the phase supply voltage of the entire system as a whole are determined by the mathematical expressions given. Moreover, in the nominal mode, the active power of the SEM and the heating section of the cable are distributed equally, and it is under this condition that the SEM has maximum efficiency when powered by an AC source with a fixed voltage amplitude. The specified known system provides high reliability during oil production of various viscosities, including high viscosity with a high content of resinous substances, due to the reduction of the inrush current, as well as due to self-regulation of the current passing through the SEM and through the heating section of the cable due to the presence of negative current feedback, as well as taking into account the dependence of the current strength on the viscosity of the pumped liquid and on its temperature.

However, this known system has some difficulty in performing, due to the use of a composite cable from various sections in its design, which in certain downhole situations can lead to insulation failure in these places.

In addition, the specified known system should include more powerful equipment for controlling the operation of the SEM (the rated power of the control station and step-up transformer should be at least twice as large).

In addition, the step-up transformer must be designed for a higher voltage (from 2000 V) compared to a transformer (TMPN) for powering the PEM.

Also known installation for the dosed supply of reagent into the well [4], including the installation of a metering pump, injection line, a capillary pipe passing along the outer surface of the tubing and pump unit, in the lower part of the capillary pipe is equipped with an exhaust valve-sprayer, characterized in that that at the lower end of the pump unit there is a suspension device to which the cable is suspended, and a capillary pipe is rigidly attached to the cable, and at the lower end of the cable there is a h with centering ribs.

However, this installation provides the process of dosing the reagent into the well, without taking into account the operating parameters of the pump and other downhole equipment. The specified design of the known installation according to the technology does not allow changing automatically and remotely the modes of increasing or decreasing the amount of reagent supply at certain time intervals taking into account the operating parameters of pumping equipment, which leads to uncontrolled reagent consumption.

Also known installation in the form of a borehole electric heater [5], designed for thermal effects on the bottomhole zone and the oil reservoir, including for the prevention or heating of paraffin-hydrated deposits. The downhole electric heater comprises a current lead with a tubular body mounted beneath it. A long heating element is placed on the surface of the tubular body - a cable with low electrical resistance. The cable is installed in a ferromagnetic tube along the tubular body with the possibility of the formation of a closed loop and supply from the source of supplying alternating voltage to it through the current lead. The lengthy heating element is arranged in the form of a multi-way sequence of parallel lengthy heating elements. The ferromagnetic tube is made divided into sections. An oil resistant cable is used as a long heating element. The ferromagnetic tube is welded to the tubular body with an intermittent seam. A layer of insulating material is applied over the lengthy heating element to enhance heating.

However, this installation provides only the heating process without taking into account the operating parameters of the pump and other downhole equipment. The specified design of the known installation does not technically allow changing automatically and remotely the modes of increasing or decreasing the heating temperature at certain time intervals, taking into account the parameters of the pumping equipment, which leads to uncontrolled heating and energy costs. This device is quite complicated in production and installation at the producing well.

The closest to the proposed technical solution for the intended purpose is the installation for supplying a submersible electric motor

and / or heating the wellbore fluid to heat the oil well [6], including submersible equipment designed to lift the reservoir fluid and consisting of a submersible pump with a submersible electric motor, a submersible heating cable line, ground-based equipment in the form of a power source, a low-frequency generator, a control devices of the control station and matching transformer and a communication line (electric) connecting the ground and pumping equipment. Ground equipment consists of a control device connected through inputs and outputs to ground and submersible equipment, with the ability to control a submersible electric motor and cable heating. The installation additionally contains a second heating control station, which consists of a second control device-control unit, the above-mentioned generator (low-frequency generator), providing a frequency range of 5-200 kHz, a rectifier and power output keys connected via a bridge or half-bridge circuit, and two matching devices , the first of which is ground-based and connected through its two inputs to the heating control station and matching transformer, respectively, and through the output to an electric line with ide, and the second matching device is submersible and is connected via the input line to the first matching device and through the output to the submersible motor, and the installation contains an immersion cable line as the electrical communication line, and the frequency emitted by the heating control station, lies in the frequency range of 5-200 kHz, and the equivalent capacitance of both matching devices is in the range of 0.2-200 μF.

However, the disadvantages of this installation is the difficulty in installation and maintenance, because this installation, according to the description and scheme, consists of two control stations in different buildings and several matching devices with a matching transformer, which leads to an increase in time and labor costs for the installation and operation of this installation . This installation does not provide a complete integrated process for optimizing production of well fluid. In the design of this installation, it is constructively provided that the well fluid is heated by cable heating with the same PEM cable, in the absence of a dosed reagent supply system in this installation, which does not allow for the control of scaling and corrosion formed on the downhole equipment because scaling increases with excessive heating and corrosion on submersible downhole equipment and PEM, respectively, when using this installation, in the case of scaling and corrosion, another additionally installation for supplying reagent.

The technical result achieved by the proposed utility model is to expand the functional and technical capabilities of the installation by ensuring the integrated operation of one station for simultaneous or separate controlled operation of pumping equipment, heating of the tubing, dosing of the reagent, induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone and / or pipelines, with the ability to archive data on the operation of each of the processes, remote control and transfer data on the operation of each of the processes for free rovodnomu and / or a wired channel, as well as increased operating time period to failure of downhole equipment through the provision increase reliability, reduce time and labor for installation and operation of automatic intelligent well multifunction integrated station.

The specified technical result is achieved by the proposed multifunctional automatic complex station of an intellectual well, which includes submersible equipment consisting of a submersible pump with a submersible electric motor, a submersible heating cable line, an electric communication line, and ground equipment consisting of a control device connected through inputs and outputs to the ground and submersible equipment, with the ability to control the submersible motor and cable heating, generator, according to model, the station is made in one building, equipped with a wireless and / or wire communication module with the ability to control, receive and transmit data via wireless and / or wire communication, a reagent storage tank, a metering pump, a manometer, a level gauge with the ability to transmit information to the control device, a reagent flow meter with the possibility of transmitting data on the reagent consumption to the control device, pipe fittings, inductor, immersion heating cable line is additionally equipped with a cap by an illary pipeline, the electric communication line is additionally equipped with a submersible telemetry system, the generator is made high-frequency with the possibility of transferring energy to an inductor located at a distance of more than 1000 m from the generator.

The technical result is achieved due to the following:

Due to the fact that the inventive station is made in one building, this allows you to deliver the complete station and compactly place the station at the place of operation, which reduces the labor costs for assembly and commissioning, compared with the prototype.

The station is equipped with a tank for storing the reagent in the form of a tank, a metering pump, for example, an ND type, which allows a controlled dosing process for supplying the reagent to the well, with a manometer, for example, a serial electric contact, which allows transmitting information about the pressure at the outlet of the metering pump to a control device, a level meter with the ability to transmit information to the control device about the level of the reagent in the tank for storing the reagent, a reagent flow meter with the ability to transmit data on the consumption of the reagent to control -governing unit valves for transporting the reagent to the capillary conduit heat resistance. These design features provide an additional, in contrast to the prototype, the function of the dosed feed, which extends the functional and technical capabilities of the installation.

Since, in contrast to the prototype, the proposed station has an additionally installed system of dosed supply of reagent and induction heating of the bottom-hole zone of the formation and / or pipelines, the station has the ability to provide a complete process for optimizing and intensifying production by ensuring optimal operation of pumping equipment due to the elimination of paraffin deposits and scaling on downhole equipment and preventing the increase in fluid viscosity when climbing tubing.

Thanks to the above, the possibility of the formation of paraffin deposits and scaling on submersible downhole equipment is excluded, the installation, operation and maintenance of the station is simplified, the time between failures of the equipment increases compared to the known prototype device.

During the operation of problematic wells complicated by paraffin deposits, situations arise when it is necessary to heat the bottom-hole zone of the formation without raising the formation fluid (for example, when preparing the well for launch in order to reduce the viscosity of the liquid due to heating and provide milder conditions for the operation of the SEM) or induction heating should be done in conjunction with feeding PEM and heating the tubing when the well has already entered the regime, and it is necessary to maintain a stationary thermal field of the wellbore. Or, to produce only PED power and dosed reagent supply, when the production parameters allow the liquid to rise without heating for some period of time, and when the SEM is turned off, you can leave the well heating and dosed reagent supply in operation (this situation occurs when the well is operating with a periodic mode fluid pumping work). Thus, without reconfiguring the installation, in automatic mode, without lifting the nodes from the wellbore, its functional and technological capabilities are expanded. All of the above operations can be performed at the same time if necessary, the lifting of the wellbore fluid in particularly complicated paraffin deposits and scaling wells.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a general diagram of a multifunctional automatic integrated station of an intellectual well.

The inventive station consists of one housing 1: a control device 2 with a multifunction controller, a wireless and / or wire communication module 3, a tank for storing reagent 4 in the form of a tank, a metering pump 5, for example, a type of brand ND, which allows for controlled dosing the process of supplying the reagent to the well, a manometer 6, for example, a serial electric contact, which allows transmitting information about the pressure at the outlet of the metering pump to a control device, a level gauge 7 with the ability to transmit information to the control device about the level of the reagent in the tank for storing the reagent, the flow meter of the reagent 8 with the possibility of transmitting data on the consumption of the reagent to the control device, pipe fittings 9 for transporting the reagent, inductor 10, which can be both submersible and carry out heating of the underground part (bottomhole formation zone ), and if necessary, carry out heating of the surface wellhead pipeline. The station also consists of a generator 11, made high-frequency on the basis of a current inverter containing an input reactor, a bridge on transistors, eliminating the flow of large reactive currents through semiconductor devices, which allows you to transfer energy to the inductor. Submersible equipment 12 consists of a submersible pump 13 with a submersible electric motor (PED) 14, a submersible heating cable line 15 with a capillary heat-resistant pipeline, an electric communication line with a submersible telemetry system 16, in the form of a cable with sensors made as part of an electric communication line 17, which additionally provides PED and inductor power functions.

The proposed station operates as follows. The station is assembled in the factory and installed in the form of a single building 1 at the place of operation. To connect the station with a power cable from a 380V power source, a connector is used. An immersion heating cable line 15 with a heat-resistant capillary pipe is attached to the tubing with metal clamps or lowered into the tubing, if necessary, heating the tubing inside when using a submersible pump 13, for example, an electric centrifugal pump. An inductor 10 is installed in the lower part, in the form of a closed device, its power is connected by a connecting sleeve to an electric communication line 17, which includes additional conductors (the inductor, in cases necessary for heating the wellhead pipelines, can be installed with fastenings to the pipeline and recorded with a separate cable). Next, it is installed and connected to the supply cores of the electric communication line 17 PED 14 and the submersible pump 13 is installed. To the tubing, the “clamps” are attached:

- electric communication line 17;

- submersible heating cable line 15 with capillary heat-resistant pipeline.

The equipment installed on the tubing is lowered into the well. It is possible to supply power to the PED 14, regardless of the need for heating, and turn on the heating of both the inductor and the cable line, and you can also adjust its power regardless of whether the PED 14 works or not, since these power supply parameters are independent of each other, in view of use of different cable cores. When the station is turned on, the submersible telemetry system 16 transmits data on temperature, pressure, vibration, and insulation resistance over the electric communication line 17. The control device 2, when receiving data at the input from the immersion telemetry system 16, determines the start parameters of the SEM depending on the correspondence of the start parameters set in the program of the control device 2 and the parameters transmitted by the submersible telemetry system 16. When the SEM is started in the operating mode, the control device 2 at specified intervals time receives signals from the system of submersible telemetry 16 (pressure and temperature of the reservoir fluid at the reception of the submersible pump 13, the temperature of the oil PED 14, the vibration of the PED 14, pressure and temperature, vibration of the submersible pump 13, resistance of the conductors of the PED supply cable 14) and signals of ground equipment with a level gauge 7 on the amount of reagent in the tank for storing reagent 4, from a pressure gauge 6 on the pressure in the pipe fittings 9, with a reagent flow meter 8 on the amount of reagent consumption in specified time interval. The control device 2 performs a program algorithm, including and disabling processes: heating the tubing with an immersion heating cable line 15 with a capillary heat-resistant pipe through which the reagent is supplied from the reagent storage tank 4 through the metering pump 5 to the reception of the submersible pump 13 and / or into the zone perforation, heating the bottom-hole zone of the formation by inductor 10 when applying power from the generator 11, carrying out the complete process of eliminating the formation of paraffin deposits and scale deposits on the submersible equipment 12. Comparing the data from the ground equipment and the immersion telemetry system 16 with the parameters set in the program, at the output, the control device 2 adjusts the speed of the PED 14, ensuring the submersible pump 13 operates in the most efficient and trouble-free mode of pumping formation fluid (when operating the station in wells equipped with rod-type pumps the control device 2 for adjusting the parameters of the heating and / or dosing can additionally use data on the load on the rod of the rod pump). The control device 2 archives all the information into the controller’s memory and transmits it at the specified time intervals to a common ACS (Automated Control System) of the producing enterprise or a separate receiver with the possibility of receiving reverse corrective commands via wireless and / or wire communication channels 3. Due to this, complex control takes place PED 14, simultaneously heating the immersion heating cable line 15, inductor 10, dosing the reagent from the tank for storing reagent 4 through the metering pump 5 in a heat-resistant a capillary pipeline or the operation of these processes individually or in different ways among themselves, determined by the key parameter and the embedded algorithm in the control device 2 for example: the station operates in different modes:

a) the complete process (operation of pumping equipment, heating of the tubing, induction heating of the bottomhole zone, dosing of the reagent);

b) only induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone and heating of the tubing;

c) only dosing and operation of pumping equipment;

d) only induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone and the operation of pumping equipment;

e) only induction heating of the bottom-hole formation zone, operation of pumping equipment and dosing of the reagent;

g) only warming up the tubing, work. pumping equipment and reagent dosing;

h) only heating of the tubing and dosing of the reagent;

i) only heating of the tubing, dosing of the reagent and induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone.

j) only heating of the tubing;

k) only induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone;

m) only dosing;

m) only the operation of pumping equipment.

This confirms the criteria for classifying the claimed station to a multifunctional station.

Thus, the proposed station is characterized by the following advantages over the known prototype:

- the station is made in one housing, which contributes to a significant reduction in installation time at the place of operation and simplification of station maintenance, in contrast to the prototype, where the installation consists of several blocks and matching devices;

- the station is additionally equipped with a wireless and wired communication module, which allows you to receive / transmit data via a wireless communication channel, the specified device in the installation of the prototype is missing;

- the station additionally carries out the process of supplying the reagent through a heat-resistant capillary pipe to the well due to the installed equipment: a reagent storage tank, a metering pump, a pressure gauge, a level gauge with the ability to transmit information to a control device, a reagent flow meter with the ability to transfer data on the reagent consumption to a control device, this process does not install according to the prototype;

- the station has an additional submersible heating cable line equipped with a capillary heat-resistant pipeline, which allows heating the tubing and at the same time dispensing the reagent to a specific section of the well; the prototype does not have this function;

- the station has a high-frequency generator with the ability to transfer energy to an inductor located at a distance of more than 1000 m from the generator, which allows the use of an inductor when heating the bottom-hole zone of the formation and / or wellhead pipe, there is no inductor in the prototype installation;

Accordingly, the new features of the multifunctional automatic complex station of an intellectual well, together with the well-known ones, expand the functional and technical capabilities, unlike the prototype, by providing additional integrated operation of one station, made in one housing for simultaneous or separate controlled operation of pumping equipment, heating of the tubing, dosing of the reagent induction heating of the bottomhole formation zone and / or pipelines, with the possibility of archiving data x of each of the work processes, a remote control and data transmission over a wireless and / or wireline communication channel.

Information sources:

1. V.N.Ivanovsky and others. Equipment for oil and gas production. M., Russian State University "Oil and Gas" them. I.M. Gubkina, 2002, part I, p. 557-558.

2. RF patent for utility model 61935, cl. НВВ 7/18, publ. 2007 year

3. RF patent for the invention 2353753, cl. ЕВВ 36/04, publ. 2009 year

4. RF patent for utility model 65117, cl. ЕВВ 37/06, publ. 2007 year

5. RF patent for the invention 2249096, cl. E21B E21B 36/04, 37/00, publ. 2006 year

6. RF patent for the invention 2435022, cl. ЕВВ 36/04, publ. 2011 year

Claims (1)

A multifunctional automatic complex station of an intellectual well, including submersible equipment, consisting of a submersible pump with a submersible electric motor, a submersible heating cable line, an electric communication line and ground equipment, consisting of a control device connected via inputs and outputs to ground and submersible equipment, with the possibility of control submersible electric motor and cable heating, generator, characterized in that it is made in one housing, equipped with a module without wired and / or wired communication with the ability to control, receive and transmit data via wireless and / or wired communication, a reagent storage tank, a metering pump, a pressure gauge, a level gauge with the ability to transmit information to a control device, a reagent flow meter with the ability to transmit data about reagent consumption for the control device, pipe fittings, inductor, immersion heating cable line is additionally equipped with a capillary pipeline, the electric communication line is additionally sleep wife submersible telemetry system, a high-frequency generator configured to transmit power to the inductor, placed at a distance of 1000 m from the generator.

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