RU126283U1 - EQUIPMENT FOR FORMING ARTICLES FROM POLYMERIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Tooling for molding articles made of polymer composite materials, comprising a frame and a forming shell made of multilayer fiberglass, mounted on the frame, characterized in that between the layers of fiberglass forming shell placed at least one electrically conductive layer of carbon material for heating the forming shell, snap additional contains a heat-insulating layer located between the frame and the forming shell. 2. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer of the forming shell of the carbon material is connected to an electric power source and is the central layer of the forming shell. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically conductive carbon layer is made of separate sections interconnected in series or in parallel. Equipment for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises heat-conducting layers of carbon material between the layers of fiberglass. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer is a three-layer panel of fiberglass cladding and honeycomb. Tooling for molding products according to claim 5, characterized in that the insulating layer has an additional layer of aluminum foil.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of molding products from polymer composite materials and can find application in aerospace, shipbuilding and other industries.

A known form for the manufacture of large-sized products of variable profile, containing a base, supporting ribs of a given profile and stacked rods perpendicular to them, forming a working surface, in which, in order to simplify the manufacture of products with a large difference in curvature, the rods forming sections with less curvature have a circular cross section and the generatrices of greater curvature are elliptical, the major axis of which is equal to the diameter of the round rod (RF patent No. 1070813).

A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to manufacture products outside an autoclave or a heated oven, poor quality of products due to heating of the product from above.

Known heated mold for the manufacture of products from polymer composite materials, consisting of a metal shell connected to a rigid frame, while between them there is a space 10 mm wide, in which there is an elastomeric-polymer liquid shirt with channels for the coolant (US application No. 20066275526).

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of its manufacture, the need for a separate device for heating the coolant.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device, adopted as a prototype, is a tool for molding products from polymer composite materials containing a frame and a forming shell, consisting of multilayer fiberglass, mounted on a snap frame and additional reinforcing layers of a flexible thin-sheet polymer composite material or prepreg (RF patent No. 2188126).

The disadvantage of this device is the need for its use only in an autoclave or furnace, the possibility of warpage of the mold and the manufactured product when heated. In addition, the product is heated in an autoclave or furnace primarily from above, from the side of the product, while the product itself is also heated from above, this direction of heating leads to the difficult removal of volatile substances from the product, i.e. to increased porosity, and, consequently, to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the product.

The technical task of the proposed utility model is to create a device that allows the manufacture of products from polymer composite materials outside of autoclaves or furnaces, i.e. reduce manufacturing costs; reduce or completely eliminate warping of the molding tool, and, accordingly, the manufactured product; reduce the porosity of the product and increase its mechanical strength.

To solve this problem, a tool is proposed for molding products from polymer composite materials, containing a frame and a forming shell made of multilayer fiberglass, mounted on a frame, in which at least one electrically conductive layer of carbon material is placed between the fiberglass layers of the forming shell for heating the forming shell, tooling additionally contains a heat insulating layer located between the frame and the forming shell.

The electrically conductive layer of the forming shell made of carbon material is connected to an electric power source and is the central layer of the forming shell.

The electrically conductive carbon layer is made of separate sections interconnected in series or in parallel.

The tooling may further comprise heat-conducting layers of carbon material between the layers of fiberglass.

The heat-insulating layer is a three-layer panel of fiberglass cladding and honeycomb core.

The insulating layer has an additional layer of aluminum foil.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents the equipment for molding products from polymer composite materials (front view). Molding accessories include:

1 - forming shell;

2 - frame;

3 - conductive layer;

4 - Thermal insulation layer;

5 - heat-conducting layers of carbon material;

6 - layers of fiberglass (dielectric layers);

Figure 2 presents a General view of the tooling for molding products from polymer composite materials.

Figure 3 shows the electrically conductive layer 3, made of separate sections 7, interconnected in series (a) or parallel (b), connected to an electric power source 8.

Figure 4 shows a heat-insulating layer including: a three-layer panel 9 of fiberglass sheathing 10 and honeycomb 11, and an additional layer of aluminum foil 12.

The forming shell 1 is rigidly fixed to the frame 2 and lay on it layers of a prepreg of composite material. A sealed vacuum bag is fixed to the forming shell 1 along its outer contour. The electrically conductive layer 3 is connected to an electric power source 8 and the prepreg layers are heated, while the vacuum-tight vacuum bag is evacuated to create pressure on the formed prepreg layers. The heat released in the electrically conductive layer 3 is distributed evenly by the heat-conducting layers 5 over the area of the equipment. The heat-insulating layer 4 located on the frame 2 under the forming shell 1 consisting of a three-layer panel 9, including fiberglass sheathing 10 and honeycomb core 11, with foil 12 applied to its outer surface, prevents heat loss from the bottom surface of the snap. Due to the fact that the electrically conductive layer 3 of carbon material is the central layer of the forming shell 1, the warping of the molding tool is significantly reduced.

The proposed device was manufactured and tested in laboratory conditions.

Example 1. An experimental tooling was made for molding with a size of the forming surface of 2000 × 500 mm and a radius of curvature R = 5000 mm. Fiberglass layers (dielectric layers) were made of fiberglass T-10-14 (GOST 19170-2001) on a binder ВСО-200 (TU 1-595-12-858-2005). The electrically conductive and heat-conducting layers were made of carbon fiber LUP - 0.1 (GOST 280006-88).

In order to reduce heat loss from the bottom surface of the forming shell, from below, at an equal distance (~ 0.5 cm) from the bottom surface of the snap-in, a heat-insulating layer 4 made of a three-layer panel 9 with a honeycomb core 11, with aluminum foil, was fixed on the frame 2 12 with a mirror surface.

Six layers of T-10-14 fiberglass prepreg impregnated with EDT-69N binder (TU 1-595-12-584-2000), which were enclosed in a vacuum bag under a pressure of 0.08 MPa, were placed on a tool for molding fiberglass. The prepreg was heated to a temperature of 125 ± 5 ° C by connecting a central electrically conductive layer 3 to an electric power source 8.

Samples of finished fiberglass were tested for tensile strength (GOST 11262-80), the average figure in a batch of 10 samples averaged 575 MPa.

Example 2 - according to the invention of the prototype.

The manufactured product, materials, manufacturing mode and molding equipment correspond to those used in Example 1. The product was heated in an oven, i.e. the conductive layer was not connected to an electric power source. The test results for tensile strength (GOST 11262-80) in a batch of 10 samples, on average, amounted to 460 MPa, which is 20% less than when manufacturing the product according to the invention. There was warping of the snap, which adversely affected the quality of the product

Thus, the proposed device allows to manufacture products from polymer composite materials without the use of expensive technological equipment for forming autoclaves or furnaces, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing products. The location of the central electrically conductive layer, heat-conducting and dielectric layers allows to reduce the warping of equipment and, accordingly, manufactured products.

The proposed heated equipment creates the direction of heating the molded product from composite material from below, which makes it easy to remove volatiles from the prepreg, and, therefore, reduce the porosity of the resulting product and increase its strength.

The use of equipment for molding products from polymer composite materials will increase the reliability and durability of finished products in operation, as well as reduce the consumption of electrical energy during molding.

Claims (6)

1. Tooling for molding articles made of polymer composite materials, comprising a frame and a forming shell of multilayer fiberglass, mounted on the frame, characterized in that between the layers of fiberglass forming shell is placed at least one electrically conductive layer of carbon material for heating the forming shell, snap additional contains a heat-insulating layer located between the frame and the forming shell. 2. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer of the forming shell of the carbon material is connected to an electric power source and is the central layer of the forming shell. 3. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically conductive carbon layer is made of separate sections interconnected in series or in parallel. 4. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises heat-conducting layers of carbon material between the layers of fiberglass. 5. Tooling for molding products according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer is a three-layer panel of fiberglass cladding and honeycomb core. 6. Tooling for molding products according to claim 5, characterized in that the insulating layer has an additional layer of aluminum foil.

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