RU124742U1 - OFFLINE ELECTRIC CAR CHARGING POST - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Autonomous electric vehicle charging station (APZEM), containing solar panels and a wind turbine, characterized in that it is structurally and technologically interconnected: APZEM building, the front and rear walls of which have an arcuate upper part, a movable roof with tandem solar photovoltaic panels located on it modules (TFSM) on a copper substrate, power beams with support and driving wheels, cylindrical supports of power beams, workstation for charging hybrid and electric cars, workstation opera torus of an automated workplace (AWS), storage of batteries (battery), solar projectors, robot conveyor, heat pump, rotor wind power installation (RVEU), magnetoelectric generator (MEG), MEG rotor-flywheel with magnetic suspension, wireless charging system for electric vehicle batteries , switchboard controller, electronic control panel, heat pump. 2. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable roof contains a collector heating (cooling) TFSM. 3. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that on the arcuate upper front and rear walls of the building APZEM placed guides of the support and driving wheels. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the solar projector comprises an electric drive with a worm gear and a gear mechanism. APZEM according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner spherical surface of the helioprojector has a mirror surface on which a biconcave lens is placed, and the inner cavity of the helioprojector is closed by a plano-convex lens. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the RVEU has a rotor with curved blades aerodynamically

Description

Autonomous electric vehicle charging station (APZEM) refers to renewable energy sources, in particular the energy of the Sun, wind and Earth and can be used to generate electricity for the electric charging of hybrid and electric cars, as well as cars with engines with flywheel energy storage. The location of APZEM is assumed along central automobile roads and roads of regional significance. As an option, the APSEM can be used as an autonomous power station for the needs of various industrial and domestic consumers in urban and rural areas.

Known solar power plant [1], containing a solar radiation receiver with a focusing device, semiconductor converters, a cooling system with a steam generator. The disadvantage of this invention is the presence of a complex mechanism of a steam generator with rubbing parts, which over time will lead to their wear and loss of operability of the device, in addition, the device requires constant technical maintenance and repair.

Known invention [2], including an array of continuously monitoring the sun, photovoltaic installations placed in the form of a rectangular lattice with orientation from north to south and from west to east. The disadvantage of this invention is the large area occupied by photovoltaic converters.

A well-known stand-alone energy-efficient installation for drying bulk materials [3], operating on alternative energy sources and containing: confusers combined in a circular nozzle block of 6-16 or more mating solar collectors; a tower painted with black highly selective paint, which serves to heat the vertical air flow; devices for loading, placing and unloading bulk material; rotary wind power installation (RVEU) with a vertical axis of rotation; a turbine and an electric generator, which are used to convert the energy of the air flow and wind energy into electrical energy, which is used to supply the accumulated energy resources of other objects of the agro-industrial complex. The main disadvantage of this invention is the low efficiency of the pebble battery of thermal energy in the winter months of the year, the absence of photovoltaic solar modules on the outside of the tower in order to more fully use solar radiation to generate electricity.

As a prototype adopted solar energy installation (SEU) [4], which in addition to solar panels uses a wind turbine (VD). A solar power plant generates electricity in the afternoon and transmits current to a static converter, and a VD generates electricity in the presence of wind both day and night and also transfers it to a static converter. SEU and VD can work separately. The considered SEU has a drawback, which is expressed in the low power generated by the wind turbine electric power at an average wind speed of less than 7 m / s, but it is known that the average wind speed in most regions of Russia is 3.5-4.5 m / s.

In the claimed utility model APSEM uses a more efficient system for converting wind energy at a speed of 3.0 m / s, and also uses a system of additional solar lighting, which reduces the size of the used photovoltaic modules.

The technical task of the APZEM utility model is to create a compact design that allows the most efficient use of the energy of the Sun, wind and Earth to generate electricity in order to organize charging electric vehicle batteries and spin the flywheels of vehicles with engines with flywheel energy storage devices.

The specified technical result is achieved:

- the presence of tandem photovoltaic solar modules (TFSM) located on the surface and sides of the moving roof of the APZEM building.

- by creating a design APZEM, providing electrical charging of electric vehicle batteries by both contact and non-contact methods;

- the presence of solar floodlights for additional solar lighting TFSM in order to increase the efficiency of electricity generation by them;

- application of the RVEU design with curved blades of an aerodynamic profile, forming curvilinear confusers, providing power generation at a wind speed of 3.0 m / s;

- the presence in the design of a magnetoelectric generator (MEG) and an energy storage device in the form of a flywheel rotor, during rotation of which the unevenness of wind speed is smoothed out;

- the use of magnetic suspension of the MEG rotor-flywheel in order to increase the reliability and efficiency of electric power generation of a rotary wind turbine at a wind speed of 3.5 m / s;

- the presence of the TFSM cooling system, which increases their efficiency and service life;

- the use of a heat pump for heating TFSM at an air temperature of -35 ° C or more, as well as for obtaining hot water for the needs of APZEM at any time of the year;

- the use of a solstice tracking system in the east-west direction of the roof of the APZEM building, on the surface of which the FSM is located;

- the presence of an electronic control unit APZEM;

- the presence of an automated workstation (AWP) operator APZEM;

- the presence of a battery charging station for hybrid and electric vehicles;

- the presence of a male connector for contact charging the battery of electric vehicles and a motor cable for the promotion of flywheels of vehicles having engines with flywheel energy stores;

- the use of electric drives with worm gearboxes, which provide a stable position of the movable roof and solar floodlight in strong winds.

Design features of the utility model APSEM are shown in the attached figures. Figure 1 shows the APSEM, side view. The view along arrow A is shown in FIG. 2. A top view of the APSEM is shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 shows the storage of the battery and their transportation routes. Figure 5 shows a helioprojector in section, side view. Schematic diagram of the heating (cooling) TFSM shown in Fig.6. 7 shows a cross-section of the HLPE. The rotor RVEU in the context shown in Fig. A schematic diagram of a wireless battery charging of hybrid and electric cars is shown in Fig.9. The technological block diagram of the functioning of the components and devices APZEM presented in Figure 10.

APZEM contains the following components and devices: building APZEM 1; a movable, east-west, roof 2 located at an angle of 45 ° to the horizon (for central Russia) and oriented with a flat surface to the South; TFSM 3 located on the movable roof 2 (Figure 1); TFSM 4 located on the sides of the movable roof 2 at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of the movable roof 2 (Figure 1); a heating (cooling) collector 5 filled with a heat transfer fluid such as ethylene glycol and placed under the copper substrate TFSM 3, 4; insulation 6; front and rear walls of the building 1 APZEM having an arched upper part with guides 7; power beams 8; supporting wheels 9; drive wheels 10; an electric drive with a worm gear 11 of the drive wheel 10; cylindrical support 12 power beams 8; charging station for 13 hybrid and electric cars; storage battery 14 on the second floor of the building APZEM 1; distribution electric switchboard-controller for charging 15 batteries; elevator 16 to move the battery; robot battery 17 battery; cable - connector 18; motor cable 19; wireless charging system for 20 car batteries; automated workstation (AWS) of operator 21 APZEM; electronic control panel 22 operator 21; two or more RVEU 23; support 24 RVEU 23; helioprojectors 25 (at least four); support 26 of a helioprojector 25; heat pump 27; storage tank 28; heat exchanger tank 43; a heat exchanger 29 for cooling TFSM 3, 4 using the temperature of the ground water; light sensors 30 located on the upper part of the solar projector 25 and the upper edge of the movable roof 2; temperature sensors 31 located on the copper substrates TFSM 3, 4, as well as in the storage tank 28; gear mechanism 32; an electric drive with a worm gear 33 for moving the solar projector 25 in a vertical plane; cylindrical hinge 34 of a solar projector 25; gear mechanism 35; an electric drive with a worm gear 36 for turning the solar projector 25 in a horizontal plane; the vertical shaft 37 of the gear mechanism 35; bearings 38 of the vertical shaft 37; thrust ball bearing 39; heat transfer fluid circulation pump 40; heat exchanger 41 of the battery tank 28; a circulation pump 42 for supplying ground water to a heat exchanger 43 of the heat pump 27; electrovalve 44; a DC to high frequency voltage converter 45; transmitting coil 46; receiving coil 47 with a high-frequency voltage to direct current (DC) converter (rectifier) 48 (located on an electric vehicle); MED 49 RVEU 23; rotor flywheel 50 MEG 49; permanent magnets 51 of the flywheel rotor 50; magnetic ring 52 of the rotor-flywheel 50; building 53 MEG 49; winding coils 54 located on the housing 53 opposite the permanent magnets 51; a magnetic ring 55 located on the housing 53 opposite the magnetic ring 52 of the rotor-flywheel 50 with the same polarity to each other; rotor 56 RVEU 23; curved blades of aerodynamic profile 57; curved confuser 58 (two or more) formed by two curved blades of aerodynamic profile 57; shaft 59 of rotor 56; freewheel 60; thrust bearings 61 of the shaft 59 of the rotor 56; spherical body 63 solar projectors 25; a plano-convex lens 64 covering the cavity 65 of the spherical body 63 of the helioprojector 25; (Figure 5); a reflective inner surface 66 of the cavity 65 of the spherical body 63; a biconcave lens 67 located on the mirror inner surface 66 of the cavity 65; an electric cable 68 connecting the windings of the coils 54 of the MEG 49 RVEU 23 with the electronic control panel 22; an electric cable 69 connecting the TFSM 3, 4 to the electronic control panel 22; pipelines 70 for supplying water cooled by groundwater.

APEM operates as follows. The sun's rays act on TFSM 3 and 4, which generate electricity and using an electric cable 69 through an electronic control panel 22 provide electricity for charging batteries located in the storage 14. At the same time, in the presence of wind, the RVEU 23 also generates electricity, which using an electric cable 68 through the electronic control panel 22 is fed to charge the batteries located in the storage 14. The operator AWP 21 controls the charge level of the batteries located in the storage 14. Charging and the level is charged In this case, the battery of electric vehicles is carried out using the electric control panel 15, which is located at the workplace for charging 13 hybrid and electric cars. Improving the efficiency of electrical efficiency APZEM is achieved through the use of solar projectors 25, which provide additional lighting TFSM 3 and 4 by 80% -85%.

The solar projector 25 is rotated in a vertical plane to track the position of the sun above the horizon according to the signal of the light sensor 30 located at the upper point of the spherical body 63. Through the electronic control panel 22, a command is issued to turn on the electric drive with a worm gear 33, which drives the gear wheel mechanism 32. The gear sector of the mechanism 35, in contact with the gear, turns the solar projector 25 around the cylindrical hinge 34. In the horizontal plane tracking the position of the sun in the sky in the east-west direction is carried out by the signal of the light sensor 30. The electronic control panel 22, by the signal of the light sensor 30 mounted on the solar projector 25, gives a command to turn on the electric drive with a worm gear 36, which drives the gear mechanism 35 ; the vertical shaft 37 of the gear mechanism 35 rotates around a vertical axis together with a solar projector 25 kinematically connected with a thrust bearing. The movable roof 2 on the building 1 is held by power beams 8 and cylindrical supports 12. Moving the movable roof 2 along the guides 7 in the east-west direction is carried out using the support wheels 9 and the drive wheel 10, which has an electric drive with a worm gear 11 (Figure 1 ) The signal to the electric drive with a worm gear 11 of the driving wheel 10 is supplied through the electronic control panel 22 from the light sensor 30 located on the upper part of the movable roof 2, thus, the optimal position of the movable roof 2 relative to the solstice is monitored. The movable roof 2 is rigidly connected by power beams 8, resting on cylindrical hinges 12 around which the movable roof 2 rotates. In this case, the TFSM 3 and 4 located on the movable roof 2 of the building receive the maximum dose of solar radiation. The total dose of solar radiation falling on TFSM 3, 4, taking into account the illumination by solar projectors 25, is 180-185%. Lighting TFSM 4 is provided by solar projectors 25 located at the corners of the movable roof 2 (Figure 1). The helioprojector '25 provides additional illumination by concentrating the sun's rays on the mirror surface 66 and then reflecting them at 64, which sends parallel rays to the surface of the TPSM 3, 4 (Figure 5, Figure 3). The sun's rays penetrate the cavity 65 through the plano-convex lens 64, pass through the biconcave lens 67, then are reflected from the inner mirror surface 66 and are concentrated by the biconcave lens 67. The curvature of the biconcave lens is designed so that the focal length ensures that the reflected rays pass through the area of the plano-convex lens 64 , optimally illuminating the surface of the TFSM 3, 4 (Figure 3). Solar projectors are installed at a height h equal to the minimum height of the lower edge of the movable roof 2 (Figure 1). The reliability of the power generation of TFSM 3, 4 depends on the ambient temperature, which for most solar cells is in the range from -50 ° C to 70 ° C. However, temperatures above + 40 ° С are already critical, at which solar panels lose power by 10% -12%, and at a temperature close to 65 ° С, the properties for generating useful electricity are practically lost. The technical solution for choosing the optimal mode of generation of TFSM 3, 4 electricity is as follows. To heat the TFSM 3, 4, a heat pump 27 is used (FIG. 6), which heats the water in the storage tank 28. The circulation pump 40 is turned on through the electronic control panel 22 according to the temperature sensor 31 below -30 ° C. The temperature sensor 31 is located on the copper substrate TFSM 3, 4. At this time, the solenoid valve 44 is open for supplying heat-transfer fluid to the heating heat exchanger 41 and then the collector 5. TFSM 3, 4 are heated to a temperature of 10 ° C-15 ° C. At an ambient temperature above 25 ° C, the temperature sensor 31, located on the copper substrate TFSM 3, 4, sends a signal to the electronic control panel 22, which includes circulation pumps 42, 40 and solenoid valve 44. The solenoid valve 44 blocks the access of the heat transfer fluid to the heating manifold 41 and directs it to a cooling heat exchanger 29, where the coolant is cooled due to the temperature of the groundwater (Fig.6). Reliability of cooling the collector 5 is provided by the circulation pump 42, which pumps water through pipelines 70 laid at a depth of 50 m-100 m. Water in the pipeline 70, cooled by ground water to 4 ° C, enters the storage tank 71, where the coolant in the heat exchanger is cooled 29 (Fig.6). Water heating for the needs of APZEM is as follows: the heat pump 27 is turned on, the heat exchanger 43 heats the water in the storage tank 28. Cold water is supplied to the storage tank 28 through the HOL pipe, and hot water is taken through the GOR pipe. (Fig.6)

The generation of electricity in the presence of wind is provided by the RVEU 23, which operates as follows. RVEU 23 is installed on a support 24, with a height H not less than the highest point of the movable roof 2, which should be at least 8 m from the ground, which results in an increase in the efficiency of using wind by 10% -15% when the winds are south, southeast and south-east western directions. A wind flow of air with a speed V acts on the rotor of the HSE, consisting of curved blades of aerodynamic profile 57 (Fig. 8), which form curved confusers 58 (at least two), and passing through these confusers with an increased speed V ₁ equal to 1.8V m / s, acts on the subsequent curvilinear blade of the aerodynamic profile 57. The resulting torque from the wind forces the shaft with the bearings 59 of the rotor 56 of the RVEU 23 to rotate, and the aerodynamic profile of the curved blades 57, when they flow around them in their own air flow in turn, creates additional torque due to the generated lifting force, which increases the torque on the shaft 59 of the rotor of the RVEU 56. The rotor-flywheel 50 on the lower surface has a magnetic ring 52, which is located opposite the magnetic ring 55 located on the body 53 of the MEG 49 (Fig .7). The magnetic rings 52 and 55 face each other with the same polarity, which ensures axial unloading of the bearings 61 of the shaft 59 of the rotor of the RVEU 56 and the rotor of the flywheel 50, i.e. Magnetic suspension is carried out. Given the above, the wind utilization coefficient becomes comparable with the classical vane wind turbines and, as tests on the model have shown, reaches 0.30-0.32. The rotational movement of the rotor 56 from the wind is transmitted to the shaft 59 of the RVEU 23 and then through the overrunning clutch 60 to the rotor-flywheel 50, during rotation of which the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 51 intersects the turns of the windings of the coils 54, generating a sufficient amount of electric energy in the form of direct current. The electric energy generated by the RVEU 23 through the electronic control panel 22 is accumulated in the batteries located in the storage 14, and is subsequently used to charge the battery of electric vehicles. In addition, the rotor-flywheel 50 MEG 49, rotating, accumulates mechanical energy at maximum wind speed. If the wind speed decreases overrunning clutch 60 disconnects the shaft 59 of the rotor 56 RVEU 23 from the shaft 62 of the rotor-flywheel 50, which continues to rotate, converting the stored mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Charging the battery of electric vehicles is carried out at the charging station 13 in two ways. The first way to charge the battery of electric vehicles involves the use of a cable connector 18, which is docked with a special outlet (not marked) of the electric vehicle. The battery charge level is controlled by the operator on the workstation 21. The second method involves the wireless charging of the battery, the circuit diagram of which is presented in Fig.9. Electricity generated by TFSM 3.4 and MEG 49 and stored in batteries located in storage 14, through an electronic control panel 22 and a distribution battery switchboard-controller for charging 15 batteries, is supplied to converter 45. The direct voltage from converter 45 is converted to high-frequency variable, which through the transmitting coil 46 is generated on the receiving coil 47. Then this alternating high-frequency voltage is removed from the receiving coil 47 and rectified in the rectifier 48, which is connected to the battery of the electric vehicle, wireless one battery charge. There is also a way to easily replace discharged batteries of electric vehicles with charged ones. The operator with the AWP 21 through the electronic control panel 22 instructs the conveyor robot 17 to transport the charged batteries from the storage 14. Using the elevator 16 from the second floor of the APZEM 1 building, the batteries are delivered to the charging station 13. Please note the specificity of the APZEM: if the direction winds south, southeast, southwest, i.e. coincides with the direction of inclination of the movable roof 2, then the air flow acting on the flat surface of the movable roof 2, is additionally directed to the rotor 56 RVEU 23. These directions of the winds provides a concentration of air flow on the rotor 56 RVEU 23, which increases the utilization of wind by 10% - fifteen%. Thus, all the components and devices of the APZEM, mechanically and electrically interconnected, represent a single automated technological system that provides reliable power generation for targeted use in stand-alone operation. In addition, APZEM provides hot water supply as a by-product of the use of renewable energy sources. It should be noted the absolute environmental cleanliness of the electric energy produced by APEM in comparison with the electricity of traditional thermal power plants that emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The aforesaid corresponds to the global concept of transition to carbon-free energy.

Bibliography

1. Solar power plant. Patent RU No. 2141606 dated 06/20/1996

2. Solar power station. Patent RU No. 2395758 of July 27, 2010

3. Autonomous energy-efficient installation for drying bulk materials. Patent RU No. 2440543 of 01.20.2012

4. Energy storage unit for heating greenhouses. Patent SU No. 1687113 dated 10.30.1991

Claims (23)

1. Autonomous electric vehicle charging station (APZEM), containing solar panels and a wind turbine, characterized in that it is structurally and technologically interconnected: APZEM building, the front and rear walls of which have an arcuate upper part, a movable roof with tandem solar photovoltaic panels located on it modules (TFSM) on a copper substrate, power beams with support and driving wheels, cylindrical supports of power beams, workstation for charging hybrid and electric cars, workstation opera a torus of an automated workplace (AWS), storage of batteries (batteries), solar projectors, a robot conveyor, a heat pump, a rotary wind power installation (RVEU), a magnetoelectric generator (MEG), a MEG rotor-flywheel with magnetic suspension, a wireless charging system for electric vehicle batteries , switchboard controller, electronic control panel, heat pump. 2. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable roof contains a collector for heating (cooling) TFSM. 3. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that on the arcuate upper front and rear walls of the building APZEM placed guides of the support and drive wheels. 4. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the helioprojector contains an electric drive with a worm gear and a gear mechanism. 5. APZEM according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner spherical surface of the helioprojector has a mirror surface on which a biconcave lens is placed, and the inner cavity of the helioprojector is closed by a plano-convex lens. 6. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the RVEU has a rotor with curved blades of aerodynamic profile, which form curved confusers. 7. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging station for hybrid electric vehicles is equipped with a cable connector for contact charging of the battery, as well as a wireless battery charging system. 8. APZEM according to claim 7, characterized in that the charging station for hybrid electric vehicles is equipped with a cable motor for spinning flywheels of automobile engines having flywheel energy storage devices. 9. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy storage in the form of a flywheel rotor is used in the design of the MEG RVEU. 10. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the RVEU with curved blades of aerodynamic profile forming curvilinear confusers provides power generation at a wind speed of 3.5 m / s. 11. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump performs the function of heating TFSM, and also provides hot water for the needs of APZEM at any time of the year. 12. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor-flywheel is connected to the rotor shaft of a wind turbine by means of an overrunning clutch. 13. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an elevator for transporting the battery. 14. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving wheel of the movable roof support is rotationally driven by an electric drive with a worm gear. 15. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the TPSM are also located on the sides of the movable roof 2 at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of the movable roof. 16. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the presence of a heat pump, a storage tank and a heat-transfer fluid heat exchanger, structurally integrated, provides heating of the TPSM. 17. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the presence of a circulation pump, a storage tank and a heat-transfer fluid heat exchanger, combined structurally, provides cooling of the TPSM. 18. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the presence of an electrovalve allows you to redistribute the flow of heat-transfer fluid in the modes of heating or cooling TFSM. 19. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage tanks for heating and cooling the heat-transfer fluid contain temperature sensors that are electrically connected to the electronic control panel. 20. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that light sensors electrically connected to the electronic control panel are fixed on the upper edge of the movable roof and the upper point of the solar projector. 21. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar projectors are installed at a height h equal to the minimum height of the lower edge of the movable roof. 22. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the RVEU is installed on a support with a height H of not less than the highest point of the movable roof, which achieves an increase in wind efficiency by 10% -15% when the winds are south, south-east and south-west. 23. APZEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor RVEU consists of curved blades of an aerodynamic profile, which form curved confusers.

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