RU124452U1 - CONSUMPTION POWER LIMITING DEVICE (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The device for limiting the power consumption, characterized in that it consists of a control unit located at the electrical input into the building or premises, comprising a housing, an input line, an output line, a current sensor located on the electrical input to the building or room, a threshold device, a logical processor , transmitter for remote control commands, indicator LEDs, and one or more switching units located at the points of connection of the final non-priority loads to the mains, aschih housing inlet line, outlet line of non-priority, the receiver remote control commands, the power module to the power key, the LED indicator, the interaction with the control unit switching units are remotely via remote commands upravleniya.2. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote control commands can be transmitted over the air using ultrashort waves, or via the mains in any standard. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be performed in single-phase or 3-phase versions. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching unit can be made in the form of an intermediate plug with a plug socket (socket adapter) or a module for installation in a power grid. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the current sensor of the control unit can be either external or internal, built into the control housing�

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering and, in particular, to devices for limiting the electric power consumed from the network by automatically disconnecting non-priority loads.

The technical result is the creation of two versions of a device that limits the total load on the supply network and allows you to connect more equipment than prescribed by the installed capacity limit, which has significant advantages over analogues and prototype, because: it allows you to increase the total power and the number of additional loads that can be connected to the network without deteriorating conditions, the efficiency and comfort of their operation does not require the laying of separate supply lines for connecting tetnyh loads; allows you to form non-priority lines at any point in the network; provides targeted management of specific non-priority loads at the points of their connection to the power grid; does not tie the load to lines and rooms; allows you to move the load around the premises.

Technical area

This technical solution relates to devices for limiting the total (total) consumed by the loads of electric power in networks with limited allocated power due to automatic load control.

State of the art

One of the factors limiting the number of consumers connected to the electric grid is the insufficient electric power allocated to the facility. When additional loads with a total power greater than allocated are connected, an introductory circuit breaker is triggered, de-energizing the entire building or room.

There are devices that allow you to limit the power consumed from the mains and connect more loads.

A known device and method adopted for the analogue, "Flexible control system for electrical load and the way it works" (Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation 2431172, 11.26.2006, publ. 10.10.2011, IPC G05В 15/00, 2006.01.

Disadvantages:

- the inability to use without upgrading the wiring;

- the inability to use in the absence of the possibility of laying new wires;

- the impossibility of targeted control of loads connected to specific outlets in specific rooms;

- the inability to move loads and connect them to new places;

- high cost of installation work.

A known device adopted as a prototype, which allows to increase the number of connected equipment and limit the power consumed from the mains by disconnecting non-priority loads.

For example:

- Relay for disconnecting non-priority loads from LEGRAND, E-catalog 2011, cat. No. 038 11, website www.Iegrand.ru.

- Non-priority load disconnection relay CDS from Schneider-electric, cat. No. 15908, http://www.schneider-electric.ru.

- ABB load control device LSS1 / 2, catalog “System pro M compact”, order code 2CSM112500R1311, EAN 274407.

In a simplified form, such a device contains: an input supply line, an output priority line, an output non-priority line, a current sensor, a threshold device (for example, a comparator with a reference voltage source), a power relay with contacts in the output non-priority line circuit.

The device adopted for the prototype works as follows.

The voltage from the input supply line flows unhindered to the output priority line. Consumers with a high priority are connected to it, which do not disconnect under any conditions. The total load current is measured by a current sensor, the signal from which is constantly supplied to the comparator and compared with the reference voltage that makes up the relay set point, i.e. trigger threshold.

If the current in the input supply line exceeds the set current, the comparator will change state, which will trigger a power relay, the contacts of which will disconnect the non-priority line for a while, until the total current consumption drops below the set current. If there are several non-priority lines, they will be switched off in turn, until the current consumed by the loads decreases to the set value.

As soon as this condition is fulfilled, the reverse process will begin - the comparator will change state and the relay will connect a non-priority line (s). Thus, all consumers will again be connected to the power supply.

However, the use of such devices at completed construction sites is difficult and limited for the following reasons:

- due to the impossibility of using electrical wiring without modernization (accompanied by repair and construction works);

- in the absence of the possibility of laying new non-priority lines (for example, in recently renovated premises, in rented premises, in monuments of architecture, etc.)

- due to the impossibility of targeted control of specific loads connected to specific outlets in specific rooms or buildings (for example, in a country estate with a house, sauna, bathhouse, garage, other detached buildings);

- due to the high cost of installation work;

- due to the rigid binding of the loads to the laid non-priority wire lines and the inability to move loads without moving the supply lines.

This utility model is aimed at creating two versions of the device, free from the disadvantages of analogues and prototype.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

Limiting the total current consumed by the loads in the first version of the device by temporarily, remotely disconnecting the final non-priority loads from the mains, switched at the points of their connection to the mains (unlike analogues and the prototype, where the switching of loads occurs in the electrical panel, and non-priority loads are connected to separate power supplies lines).

Technical solution

In accordance with this utility model, the problem can be solved by creating the first version of a device for limiting power consumption. The device consists of a control unit that controls the total current consumption of all loads and remotely controls one or more switching units distributed over the internal power supply network, which disconnect / enable the final non-priority load, in order to reduce the total current consumed by the loads when it is exceeded.

The control unit is installed after the introductory machine, and its interaction with local units is carried out using remote control commands transmitted over the air or power supply.

The control unit contains: a housing, an input supply line, an output priority line, a current sensor with a threshold device for monitoring the maximum total load current set by the user; indicator LEDs according to the number of remotely switched non-priority loads or groups; processor module generating signals and control algorithms; transmitter of remote control commands.

The switching unit is located at the point of connection of the final non-priority load to the power supply network and switches it on / off (switching) in accordance with the commands of the control unit in order to limit the total current consumed by the loads during peak consumption.

The block can be made, for example, in the form of a mobile outlet adapter, which can be plugged into any outlet, in any room, or a module for installation in the power grid. At the same time, the load connected to any point of the power supply network through the switching unit receives non-priority status. Unlike analogues and prototype.

The switching unit contains: a housing, an input supply line, an output non-priority line, a receiver of remote control commands, a power module with a key, an LED indicator of the load status.

The problem can also be solved by creating a second version of the power consumption limiting device, consisting of a control unit that controls the total current consumption of all loads and remotely controls the inverter units distributed over the internal mains, temporarily switching the final load from the mains to power from the inverter with the battery, in order to reduce total current consumed by loads at peak consumption.

The control unit is installed after the introductory machine, and its interaction with the inverter unit / units is carried out using remote control commands transmitted over the air or power supply.

The control unit contains: a housing, an input supply line, an output priority line, a current sensor with a threshold device for monitoring the amount of load current set by the user; indicator LEDs according to the number of remotely switched loads or groups; processor module generating signals and control algorithms; transmitter of remote control commands.

The inverter unit is located at the point of connection to the mains final (priority or non-priority) load and switches its power supply from the mains to power from the inverter with the battery, in accordance with the commands of the control unit in order to reduce the total current consumed by the loads during peak consumption.

The inverter unit contains: a housing, an input supply line, a charger, a battery, an inverter, a high-speed switch, a remote control command receiver, a control circuit, an output line for connecting the load.

The utility model contains a set of essential features necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified technical result.

The technical solutions with the claimed combination of essential features are not known from the prior art, which confirms the compliance of the utility model with the patentability condition - novelty.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The device, operation and advantages of this technical solution are illustrated by the drawings. In this regard, no attempt is made to show the design and circuit features of this utility model in more detail than is necessary to understand the principles of its operation.

Figure 1 - Structural diagram of a first embodiment of the device;

Figure 2 - Structural diagram of a second variant of the device;

Figure 3 - Variant of the appearance of the first variant of the device;

Figure 4 - Option placement and connection of the blocks of the first embodiment of the device;

Figure 5 - Option placement and connection of the blocks of the second variant of the device;

Utility Model Implementation

This brief description is not intended to determine the key features and scope of protection of the claimed object, but is necessary to illustrate, in general terms, its composition, principles of operation, the logic of the interaction of blocks and various options.

The first version of the device for limiting the consumed power consists of a control unit that controls the total energy consumption, and switching units distributed over the internal power network - disconnecting / including the non-priority load connected to them, in accordance with the commands of the control unit. The interaction between the control and switching units is remote: over the air or over the power supply network.

For example, in the description and drawings, a variant of the device with the transmission of remote control commands over the air is presented.

The second option of the device for limiting power consumption consists of a control unit that controls the total energy consumption, and one or more inverter units distributed over the internal power supply, switching the load supply from the power supply to the inverter with a battery (inverter powered by a battery), unloading the network and increasing the total power loads connected to it, in accordance with the commands of the control unit. The interaction between the control unit and the inverter units is remote: over the air or over the power supply network.

For example, in the description and drawings, a variant of the device with the transmission of remote control commands over the air is presented.

Power consumption limiting device (first option)

The device for limiting the power consumption (Figure 1) consists of a control unit and a switching unit (s).

The control unit contains: input line - 1; current sensor - 2; threshold device - 3; logical processor - 4; indicator LEDs - 5; transmitter - 6, control unit case - 7; output line - 8.

The input and output lines of the control unit can be a solid main conductor, passed through the unit body without a break with a built-in current sensor (for example, a current transformer, a Hall sensor, etc.). In this case, the power supply of the circuit block elements is carried out by separate conductors.

The current sensor can be either internal or external. In addition, the control unit may contain a wireless communication module with external devices for managing and exchanging information about current settings, energy consumption parameters and the cost of electricity consumed, etc.

The switching unit contains: input line - 9; receiver - 10; power module - 11; indicator LED - 12; power key - 13; housing switching unit - 14; non-priority output line - 15.

Device operation

The network voltage from the input line - 1 of the control unit (Fig. 1) is supplied to the output line - 8, to which the internal power supply is connected with all consumers.

The total consumed current of the loads is measured by the current sensor - 2, the signal from which is constantly supplied to the threshold device - 3 and is compared with the response threshold, which is set by the user and makes up the device setting.

If the current consumed by the loads exceeds the set current, then the threshold device - 3 will give a signal to the logical processor - 4, which, in accordance with the specified operation algorithm, will give a signal to the transmitter - 6, which will transmit a remote control command to the switching unit to turn off the non-priority load. The command will be accepted by the receiver - 10, the signal from which will go to the power module - 11, which will open the power switch - 13, disconnecting the voltage from the output non-priority line - 15 and the non-priority load connected to it. The indicator LED - 12 will turn on on the switching unit. The LED - 5 will turn on on the control unit, signaling that the corresponding non-priority load or group has been turned off.

Even if immediately after this the total current decreases to the setpoint value, the device will not change state due to the time delay for reverse switching. This will prevent the occurrence of a continuous switching (generation) mode at the threshold threshold.

After a specified time, the logical processor - 4, of the control unit, through the transmitter - 6, by the corresponding remote control command, will turn on the previously disabled non-priority load of the switching unit.

Moreover, if the total current consumption turns out to be equal to or lower than the set value, then the load will remain on. The LED - 5 - goes off, indicating the disconnection of this non-priority load.

If the total current consumption exceeds the set value, then the corresponding signal from the output of the threshold device - 3 will again go to the logical processor - 4, which will issue a control signal to the transmitter - 6, which will transmit a remote command to the local switching unit to turn off the non-priority load.

The LED - 5 on the control unit will turn on, signaling that the corresponding non-priority load (or group) has been turned off.

If even after this the total current will exceed the set value, the logical processor - 4, will continue to sequentially disconnect non-priority loads, with the corresponding signals to the transmitter - 6, which will transmit a remote control command to the next switching unit to turn off its non-priority load.

And so on, according to the number of control channels and switching blocks.

After a user-specified time or another algorithm that takes into account, for example, a change in current or other parameters, the non-priority loads will be reconnected with continuous monitoring of the total current consumption.

If there is no excess of the total current, then all consumers will be connected to the power supply.

Depending on the specialization of the device, the algorithm of the logical processor - 4 control units may be different. For example, when working only with electric heating systems, he can take into account parameters such as air temperature indoors and outdoors.

The switching unit operates as follows.

After the unit is connected to the network, the voltage through the input line is 9, through a closed power switch 13, it enters the output line 15 and the non-priority load connected to it, as indicated by the LED 12.

If the total current consumed by the loads, controlled by the control unit, exceeds the set value, the switching unit will disconnect the "extra" non-priority load in accordance with the command of the control unit, as described above.

Option for placing and connecting device blocks.

At the entrance to the building or building - 26 (Figure 5), after the opening machine, a control unit - 27 is installed, the output priority line of which is connected to the internal power supply network - 28, to which all loads are connected.

Thus, the power grid and all loads directly included in it are priority and do not turn off under any circumstances.

Lines for connecting non-priority loads are organized at any point in the wiring, by connecting loads through one or more switching blocks - 29, 30. The number of switching blocks determines the number of non-priority lines.

Non-priority loads are controlled by the control unit - 27 - by transmitting remote control commands to the switching units - 29, 30.

Power consumption limiting device (second option)

The device for limiting the power consumption (Figure 2) consists of a control unit and an inverter unit (s).

The control unit contains: input line - 1; current sensor - 2; threshold device - 3; logical processor - 4; indicator LEDs - 5; transmitter - 6, control unit case - 7; output line - 8.

The input and output lines of the control unit can be a solid main conductor, passed through the unit body without a break with a built-in current sensor (for example, a current transformer, a Hall sensor, etc.). In this case, the power supply of the circuit block elements is carried out by separate conductors.

The current sensor can be either external or internal. In addition, the control unit may comprise a wireless communication module with external devices for controlling and exchanging information about current settings, power consumption parameters and cost of electricity consumed.

Lines for connecting loads, which may be non-priority or priority, are organized by connecting these loads to any point on the power supply via the inverter unit - 32 (in Fig. 6), for example, by means of a socket adapter - 31 containing a plug for powering the inverter unit and a socket , to connect the load. The number of lines is determined by the number of inverter blocks.

The inverter unit (Figure 2) contains: input line - 16; charger - 17; receiver of remote control commands (the diagram shows a variant of radio control) - 18; battery - 19; control scheme - 20; inverter - 21; switch - 22; output line - 23; inverter unit housing - 24.

Device operation

The network voltage from the input line - 1 of the control unit (Figure 2) freely flows to the output line - 8, to which the internal power supply is connected to all consumers.

The total consumed current of the loads is measured by the current sensor - 2, the signal from which is constantly supplied to the threshold device - 3 and is compared with the response threshold, which is set by the user and makes up the device setting.

If the total current consumed by the loads exceeds the set current, then the threshold device - 3 will give a signal to the logical processor - 4, which, in accordance with the specified operation algorithm, will give a signal to the transmitter - 6, which will send a remote control command corresponding to the power switch to the inverter unit load, from the mains to the inverter with the battery. The command will be received by receiver - 18, the signal from which will go to control circuit - 20, start the inverter - 21, and high-speed switch - 22 will connect the output line - 23 to its output so that the phase of the inverter oscillates coincides with the phase of the network oscillation. The LED - 5 on the control unit will turn on, signaling the activation of the corresponding inverter unit.

The battery will maintain the inverter with the load for a time that depends on the load power, the nominal capacity of the battery, and its charge. This time may be greater than or equal to the average (statistical) duration of the peak excess of the total power.

If immediately after this the total current decreases to the setpoint value, the device will still remain in this state due to the time delay for the reverse switching.

After a specified time, the logical processor - 4, of the control unit, through the transmitter - 6, by the appropriate remote control command will switch the load of the inverter unit from the power supply from the inverter to the power supply from the mains.

If in this case the total current consumption turns out to be equal to or lower than the set value, then the load will remain connected to the network. The LED - 5 - goes off. The battery - 19 will begin to recharge from the charger - 17, restoring the energy spent.

If the total current consumed by the loads exceeds a predetermined value, the corresponding signal from the output of the threshold device - 3 will again go to the logical processor - 4, which will issue a control signal to the transmitter - 6, which will transmit a remote command to the inverter unit to switch the load connected to it from power from the mains, to power from the inverter.

The LED - 5 will turn on on the control unit, signaling the activation of the inverter unit and the supply of its load from the inverter with the battery.

If after this the total current will still exceed the set value, then the logical processor - 4, will continue sequential switching of loads, with the corresponding signals to the transmitter - 6, which will transmit a remote control command to the next inverter unit to switch its load from the mains supply, powered by inverter with battery.

And so on, according to the number of control channels and inverter units.

After a user-specified time or another algorithm that takes into account, for example, a change in current or other parameters, the loads will be reconnected with continuous monitoring of the total current consumption.

If there is no excess of the total current, then all consumers will again be connected to power from the mains, and the batteries of the inverter units will be recharged with their chargers.

The inverter unit (Figure 2) works as follows.

In normal mode, its load is supplied from the mains. The supply voltage is supplied to the input line - 16 and through the closed contacts of the switch - 22 to the output line - 23 and the load. Inverter - 21 off. The mains voltage is also supplied to the charger - 17, which charges the battery - 19.

In case of peak load on the network, a remote command of the control unit will temporarily transfer the load of the inverter unit from the mains to the power from the inverter (load interception).

Since the duration of the peak overloads of the network is usually small and predictable, and the inverter is used to power only one load with a known power, an extremely large capacity battery and, therefore, dimensions are not required to power the inverter.

Thus, the inverter unit, depending on the power of the load connected to it and the corresponding battery capacity, can be made in the form of a portable device with a relatively small size.

At the moment of reverse switching of the load power from the inverter - 21 to the input line - 16 and the network (with a decrease in the total consumption), the output voltage can be in phase. Then the control circuit - 20 will switch the switch - 22 at the moment when the phases of the voltage of the inverter and the mains coincide.

The process of controlling the coincidence of phases during switching is not the subject of this utility model, therefore, it is not considered in detail.

After connecting the load to the mains, the control circuit - 20 will turn off the inverter - 21. The charger - 17 will charge the battery - 19.

If during the power supply of the load from the inverter - 21 the battery charge - 19 is exhausted, the control circuit - 20 will command to reverse the load power from the inverter to the network and turn off the inverter.

And with a continued excess of the total current, the load can be disconnected from the network (if it is non-priority).

Option for placing and connecting device blocks.

At the entrance to the building or room - 26 (Fig.6), after the input machine, a control unit - 27 is installed, the output priority line of which is connected to the internal power supply network - 28, to which all loads are connected.

Thus, the power grid and all loads directly included in it are priority and do not turn off under any circumstances.

Lines for connecting additional loads are organized at any point in the wiring, by connecting these loads through an inverter unit - 32, of which there can be several.

Notation list

1 - input line;

2 - Current sensor internal power supply with sockets;

3 - Threshold device;

4 - Logical processor;

5 - Indicator LEDs;

6 - Remote control command transmitter (radio control option);

7 - housing control unit;

8 - Output priority line;

9 - input line;

10 - Receiver;

11 - Power module;

12 - Indicator LED;

13 - Power key;

14 - housing switching unit;

15 - Output non-priority line;

16 - input line;

17 - Charger;

18 - Receiver of remote control commands (radio control option);

19 - Battery;

20 - Management scheme;

21 - Inverter;

22 - switch;

23 - output line;

24 - Inverter block housing;

25 - Control input.

26 - Entrance to a building or premises;

27 - Control unit;

28 - An output priority line connected to an internal power supply network;

29 - Switching unit 1;

30 - Switching unit N;

31 - Socket adapter of the inverter unit;

32 - Inverter block;

33 - External non-priority load relay;

34 - Output non-priority line;

35 - The output line of the inverter unit;

36 - The input line of the inverter unit.

Claims (13)

1. The device for limiting the power consumption, characterized in that it consists of a control unit located at the electrical input into the building or premises, comprising a housing, an input line, an output line, a current sensor located on the electrical input to the building or room, a threshold device, a logical processor , transmitter for remote control commands, indicator LEDs, and one or more switching units located at the points of connection of the final non-priority loads to the mains, aschih housing inlet line, outlet line of non-priority, the receiver remote control commands, the power module to the power key, the LED indicator, the interaction with the control unit switching units are remotely via remote control commands. 2. The device for limiting the power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote control commands can be transmitted over the air using ultrashort waves, or on the mains in any standard. 3. The device for limiting power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be performed in single-phase or 3-phase versions. 4. The device for limiting the power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching unit can be made in the form of an intermediate plug with a plug socket (socket adapter) or a module for installation in a power grid. 5. The device for limiting the power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that the current sensor of the control unit can be both external and internal, built-in to the housing of the control unit. 6. The device for limiting power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit may comprise a wireless communication module with external devices for managing and exchanging information. 7. Power consumption limiting device, characterized in that it consists of a control unit comprising a housing, an input line, an output line, a current sensor located on the electrical input to the building or premises, a threshold device, a logic processor, a remote control command transmitter, indicator LEDs , and one or more inverter units located at the points of connection of the final loads to the internal power supply, each of which contains a housing, an input line, a load switch, kkumulyator charger, an inverter control circuit, the receiver remote control commands, wherein the interaction control unit with the inverter unit by means of remote control commands. 8. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 7, characterized in that the remote control commands can be transmitted over the air using ultrashort waves or on the mains in any standard. 9. The device for limiting power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that it can be performed in single-phase or 3-phase versions. 10. The power consumption limiting device according to claim 7, characterized in that the inverter unit can be connected to the network and the load using an intermediate plug with a socket, with input and output lines connected to it. 11. The device for limiting the power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that the current sensor of the control unit can be either external or internal, built-in. 12. The device for limiting power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that the control unit may comprise a wireless module with external devices for managing and exchanging information. 13. The device for limiting power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that the control circuit of the inverter unit may include an additional device for controlling the switch so that the load is switched in compliance with the in-phase voltage of the inverter and the mains.

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