RU123187U1 - SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED FUNCTIONAL-TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT IN REAL TIME BY THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF ENGINEERING SAFETY OF UNDERLOADING CONSTRUCTIONS OF UNIQUE RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

The system of automated functional and technical management in real time of the infrastructure for ensuring the engineering safety of the load-bearing structures of unique residential and public buildings, which is a device in the form of a hardware-information model, characterized in that the system provides management of infrastructure elements that are part of the Unified State System for Warning and Elimination emergency situations during the construction and operation of buildings, and contains metrological means for measuring the parametric characteristics of the building structure - vertical and horizontal displacements of the building along the upper level, natural vibrations of the building and vibrations of the building under the influence of wind and seismic loads, vertical and horizontal displacements of critical elements of the building structure, deformations of the base of the building, tilt of the building along the base, settlement of the base of the building, pressure on the base of the building, installed directly on the elements building structures, metrological instruments for measuring the parametric hydrogeological characteristics of the soil massif installed in soil wells under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the building perimeter, instruments for measuring meteorological parameters of the environment - temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, installed directly on building, made with the ability to automatically carry out measurements in real time or at a given frequency and transfer the measurement results via wired and wireless channels

Description

The system of automated functional and technical management in real time of the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique (high-rise, long-span) residential and public buildings during their construction and operation (which is part of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System), which is a device in the form hardware-information model, relates to the field of integrated life safety of the population and urban areas emergency prevention of emergency situations of a man-made and natural nature and can be used to manage the infrastructure for ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique buildings during their construction and operation, combining specialized units of various departmental subordination: local control centers (CPU-central control panel) engineering systems of the building, which are part of the units of the municipal housing and communal services (HCS), regional center the crisis management department of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia (MCC) and the situational center (SC) of the regional Administration, as well as in managing processes for monitoring the technical condition of structures of unique buildings and managing the risks of emergencies in order to reduce their consequences (loss of life, economic damage due to the destruction of the supporting structures of the building , destruction or disruption of the functioning of the elements of the adjacent buildings, highways, energy communications, etc.).

Managed processes are implemented by elements that are directly part of the infrastructure for ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings during their construction and operation, with the participation of the elements of the “external management environment”: General customer (Consumer) using a residential or public building in accordance with his appointment; General contractor (during the implementation of the construction project); infrastructures: space navigation system (GLONASS / GPS / Galileo, etc.); regional geodesy, including infrastructure for providing a regional base coordinate system (creating and operating a regional geodetic satellite network of base reference stations); delivery and reception of information; services for the operation of engineering systems of urban utilities; emergency rescue service EMERCOM of Russia.

The structural and functional diagram of the system is presented in figure 1.

The system due to automated functional and technical management in real time of the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures, consisting of units of various departmental subordinates that are part of it, operating within the framework of the Unified State System for Emergency Prevention and Response based on autonomous and independent administrative management, based on the principle of “direct and feedback” allows in real time or with installed normative documentation frequency:

1) the building engineering systems control center (CPA), which is part of the units of the municipal housing and communal services (HCS):

- to take measurements and receive complete and reliable information about changes in parametric characteristics characterizing the technical condition of the engineering load-bearing structures of the building as a whole (ground and underground parts) and of individual especially critical structural elements with respect to the design design (initial) spatial-strength model of the building, as well as geohydrological the state of the soil mass under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building, relative to the spatial geodetic mode whether the soil mass according to the results of pre-project geodetic studies (surveys) of the territory of the proposed construction;

- to model, analyze and predict changes in the stress-strain state (VAT) of the base and structure of the building, the spatial position of the building structure and its especially critical elements, caused by external and internal loads, including changes in the hydrogeological structural composition and VAT of the soil massif;

- identify the nomenclature and spatial coordinates of destabilizing factors;

- to assess the degree of engineering safety of a building (the ability of a building or structure to withstand possible collapse or violation of the operating mode) in accordance with the standard scale of permissible and unacceptable ranges;

- make a choice of control solutions from an array of alternative options and timely form control actions on the infrastructure elements for ensuring the safety of engineering structures of buildings in order to prevent emergencies or reduce their consequences;

- monitor and timely adjust the parameters of the geodetic position of the building with respect to regional and global coordinate systems;

- set the time mode for monitoring the engineering safety of the building;

2) the regional crisis management center EMERCOM of Russia (MCC):

- timely receive complete and reliable information about the degree of engineering safety of the complex of unique buildings located in the region, about the nomenclature and spatial coordinates of destabilizing factors;

- timely and justifiably identify potentially dangerous objects of urban infrastructure, determine their spatial coordinates, identify the degree of danger of emergencies (threats of the occurrence of damaging factors and the impact of emergency sources on the population, business facilities and the environment) in accordance with the normative scale of permissible and unacceptable ranges;

- make a choice of control solutions from an array of alternative options and timely form control actions on the infrastructure safety elements of engineering structures of buildings, including emergency rescue and emergency recovery divisions of the Ministry of Emergencies, the regional administration's situation center (SC) in order to prevent emergencies or reduce their level consequences;

- set the time mode for monitoring the degree of emergency;

3) the regional situational center (SC) of the regional administration:

- timely receive complete and reliable information about the degree of engineering safety of a complex of unique buildings located in the region, about the nomenclature and spatial coordinates of destabilizing factors;

- timely and justifiably identify potentially dangerous objects of urban infrastructure, determine their spatial coordinates, identify the degree of engineering safety of the object and the degree of emergency;

- to make a choice of control solutions from an array of alternative options and to form timely control actions on the infrastructure safety elements of engineering structures of buildings, including emergency technical units of the housing and communal services, repair and restoration planning departments, the Central Emergency Situations Ministry of Emergencies in order to increase the engineering safety level of unique buildings and adjacent buildings urban infrastructure, preventing emergencies or reducing the level of their consequences;

- set the temporary monitoring mode of engineering safety of a complex of unique buildings;

- receive information on the current geohydrological state of the soil massif of the segments of the region for the formation and updating of the regional geodetic database.

4) To a consumer using a residential or public building in accordance with its purpose:

- timely receive information on the degree of danger of emergency;

- timely and correctly carry out the measures provided for by the emergency rescue behavior plan in case of the presence of destabilizing factors.

A known system of centralized management of automated road treatment with anti-icing reagent (see Utility Model Patent No. 63091 of 05/10/2007, authors: Luzhkov Yu.M., Solomonov Yu.S. et al. - [1]), including the related a central control terminal, automatic meteorological stations, stationary and / or mobile de-icing systems, while automatic meteorological stations are configured to determine environmental parameters and / or road surface parameters ennogo road segment and direction of the obtained parameters to the central terminal, configured to determine based on the received parameters likelihood glaze situation on a given road portion, and the stationary system and / or mobile application means a reagent adapted to proactively applying deicing agent to said corresponding portion.

The well-known centralized control system for automated road treatment with anti-icing reagent has a number of separate matching features with the proposed system, namely:

- the system is a device designed to implement control functions;

- the control center (“central terminal”) is included in the system as a system element, which includes the operator’s automated workstation (AWS), data server, communication equipment, configured to determine, on the basis of parameters received from other elements of the system, the probability the occurrence of a certain critical situation (icy conditions) and the transfer of appropriate control actions to the elements of the system, made with the possibility of timely development of solutions to prevent it and voevremennoy their realization that characterizes the known and proposed facilities only in terms of the fact that both objects are the "system", ie their construction and functioning is based on the principle: “input” - “process” - “output”;

- the relationship between the elements of the system for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information is realized through the use of communication equipment, which in turn is connected to the automated workstation (AWP) of the central terminal operator through the data server;

- both systems operate in the following operating modes: measurement of parametric characteristics, analysis of measurement data, control (monitoring) and prediction of changes in parametric characteristics, their accounting, management decisions based on the results of processing measurement data.

The known system cannot be taken as an analogue or prototype of the proposed system, since, unlike the proposed system, it has:

1) not one (“central terminal”), but three control centers (building central control center; central control center of the Ministry of Emergency Situations; SC of the regional administration), the interaction of which is based on the matrix, and not on the centralized management principle, therefore has in its structure three corresponding main collection servers , processing, archiving and transmission of information; three workstations of operators; in addition, according to the requirements of regulatory documentation (GOST R 22.1.12), the proposed system has three backup servers for collecting, processing, archiving and transmitting information, as well as a backup communication line;

2) the purpose and technical result that is different from the proposed system, therefore, excellent configurations of the workstation and servers that are part of the system, namely:

- the known system is intended only for the functional control of the "technological process" (road treatment with anti-icing reagent); the proposed system is designed to manage the “facility” (“the safety infrastructure of engineering load-bearing structures, consisting of units of various departmental subordinates that are part of it and operating within the framework of the Unified State System for Prevention and Response”, as part of the technical management of its activities, aimed at obtaining the required technical result (achieving the required level of the engineering safety indicator of the building), and functional systematic way, aimed at achieving the desired social and economic outcome (achieving the lowest possible index danger disaster: loss of life, economic loss due to the destruction of supporting structures of the building, the destruction or dysfunction of cells of adjacent buildings, highways, energy communications, etc.);

3) the principle of functioning and the nomenclature of management functions, different from the proposed system, namely:

- the functioning of the known system is carried out on the basis of the use of control actions in the form of a sequential "intervention", when the system is functioning, control actions of the "feedback" type are not used (the system implements a unidirectional flow of information and the sequence of actions caused by it);

- the nomenclature of functions of the known system does not provide for the functions of virtual mathematical modeling and forecasting of the technical result, as well as the functions of the interaction of the system with the "external environment".

The information model for holding financial management is known (see Utility Model Certificate No. 26665 of 12/10/2002, authors: Chubais AB, Melamed LB et al. - [2]), containing personal computers of top managers holding companies connected to workstations and personal computers of top managers of departments, connected to workstations of top managers of departments, personal computers of top managers of energy companies connected to workstations and personal computers of top managers of the holding and departments, while workstations of energy companies connected to workstations of departments, characterized in that they include a budget database server and information collection and processing system servers, and the budget database server is connected to the top personal computers -managers of the holding and departments and workstations and servers of the information collection and processing system connected to personal computers top managers of energy companies and their workstations and workstations of the holding and departments.

The well-known information model of the financial management of the holding has, with the proposed system of automated functional and technical management in real time, the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings, a number of matching features.

The composition of both systems (models) includes hardware elements interconnected in a certain order:

- workstations (AWS) and personal computers (PCs) of the corresponding elements of the managed infrastructure;

- servers of the system for collecting and processing information, which allows us to classify both models as devices having a similar elemental base;

The connections between the individual hardware elements of systems (models) are made in the form of telephone communication channels or communication channels of the Internet information system (“communication equipment”), as well as communication channels of information systems of the corresponding infrastructures (local networks), which are hardware elements of systems (models).

The well-known system (model), as proposed, is designed to manage the "infrastructure facility" (the known system is by the holding; the proposed one is by the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings), as well as the "technological process" implemented by it (known by the formation process and turnover of financial flows; proposed - by the process of monitoring and preventing emergencies).

The functioning of both systems (models) is carried out on the basis of the principle of the use of control actions “intervention” and “feedback”.

At the same time, the well-known information model of the financial management of the holding, in comparison with the proposed system of automated functional and technical management in real time, the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings has a number of significant distinguishing features and disadvantages.

First of all, the known model and the proposed system have different purpose and technical result, therefore, excellent configuration of workstations and servers included in their composition, different hardware and network layout of the communication system.

The well-known information model is intended for financial management of a holding-type infrastructure, which itself is by definition a unified financial system; therefore, the task of the model is to create information bases, knowledge bases and budget bases, on the basis of which it is possible to develop a timely management impact by the holding and its subsidiaries energy companies with the goal of only financial management while ensuring an equilibrium balance of costs and revenues, achieving the required degree of equilibrium between which E is a basic operation pattern result regarding performance of her administrative tasks and operations, the criterion evaluation. At the same time, the well-known model does not pose a problem and does not provide the formation of databases of tactical and technical (TTX) characteristics of the electricity supplied to the consumer, which is the main production of life of a model-controlled object - a "holding"; achieving the required level of these characteristics is not the result of the managerial functions of the model.

The known information model does not provide for a mode of operation, which consists in:

- in the measurement of the technical parametric characteristics of a technical object (electricity), therefore, in its structure does not contain hardware measurement and processing of measurement data;

- in supporting the adoption of management decisions based on the mutual influence of the technical and socio-economic results, establishing a balance between these results.

The proposed system has not one (“central terminal”) center for managing the elements of infrastructure connected by a single administrative vertical, but three centers for managing the elements of infrastructure of various departmental subordination (building central control center; central control center of the Ministry of Emergencies; regional center of central administration), connected by a common goal (security), whose interaction is based on a matrix, and not on a centralized control principle.

Moreover, the well-known information model of the financial management of the holding has a vertically consistent hierarchical architecture of construction (therefore, it provides a consistent information and administrative structure for the adoption and implementation of management decisions). The proposed system has a serial-parallel (matrix) architecture of construction.

In addition, the well-known information model is designed to generate initial data and make management decisions at the upper strategic level of holding management (at the level of top managers) and does not provide for the possibility of operational use of data and decision-making at lower (tactical and operational) management levels.

Lack of ability to make management decisions based on the mutual influence of technical and socio-economic results; operational assessment of the current situation, making operational decisions on control actions in real time with a vertically sequential strictly hierarchical architecture for building a well-known information model by the financial management of the holding is a significant drawback.

These differences are the main distinguishing features and disadvantages of the known information model [2] in relation to the proposed system. In this regard, the known system cannot be mistaken for an analog or prototype of the proposed system.

A known system of centralized automated functional-economic management in real time by a consortium for the creation of space systems for remote sensing of the earth's surface (see Utility Model Patent No. 88168 of 05.20.2009, author Kurkova OP - [3]), which can be taken as a prototype. The system [3], as well as the claimed utility model is a device in the form of a hardware-information model.

The well-known system [3] of centralized automated functional and economic management of a consortium for the creation of space systems is designed to create information databases, knowledge bases, databases:

- on the tactical and technical (TTX) and structural and technological characteristics created by the consortium as part of the ongoing project of space systems (CS) and spacecraft (SC),

- on technical, production and economic resources necessary to achieve the required performance characteristics of the spacecraft and spacecraft,

- according to performance indicators that determine the balance between the performance characteristics of the spacecraft and spacecraft and the parameters of the resources used to achieve them;

- according to the indicators of the total budgets of the projects for creating the spacecraft and spacecraft;

- according to the indicators of the share of budgets of the elements of the infrastructure of the consortium formed within the framework of the projects it implements, on the basis of which it is possible to develop timely control actions on the infrastructure elements of the consortium, as well as the General customer and the infrastructure elements of the “external environment”, in order to ensure a balance between the TTX required by the General customer SC and SC and the resources used by the consortium to achieve them, to ensure a balance between the total budget of the project to create the SC and SC and the share of budgets nt consortium infrastructure.

Also, the system [3] of a centralized automated functional-economic management in real time by a consortium is a device in the form of a hardware-information model containing: automated workstations (AWS) of top managers of elements of the consortium infrastructure and elements of the “environment” infrastructure (in t .h. represented by the Head customer of the CS and Consumers of information on remote sensing of the Earth), the central control terminal of the consortium, connected by means of equipment communication.

The system [3] of the automated management of the consortium has a number of separate matching features with the proposed system, namely:

- both systems include hardware elements interconnected in a certain order: workstations (AWS) and personal computers (PCs) of the corresponding elements of the managed infrastructure; servers of the information collection and processing system, lines and equipment of the communication system (which allows us to classify both systems as devices having a similar elemental base);

- both systems provide the ability to manage both “infrastructure elements” and “technological processes” implemented by them, aimed at obtaining technical and socio-economic results;

- both systems provide support for the adoption of management decisions based on the mutual influence of the technical and socio-economic results, establishing a balance between these results;

- in the algorithms for the functioning of the information model of both systems, the basic design and design specifications of the technical object are used as the basic input data, the ranges of which are optimized for the technical and socio-economic results; as the final criterion indicators, the values of the objective functions are used, which describe the correlation of technical and socio-economic results (in the known system, the value of the project effectiveness function at a certain point in time as functions of the arguments characterizing the target effectiveness and the resources spent on its achievement; in the proposed system, the value the functions of the effectiveness and functioning of the security infrastructure at a certain point in time as functions of two arguments, characterizing the engineering safety of the building and the danger of emergency); To achieve the required values of the objective functions in the models of both systems, tactics of multistage parametric optimization are used;

- both systems have a matrix series-parallel architecture of construction, providing operational management of infrastructure elements and technological processes both at the upper strategic level of management, and at lower tactical and operational levels;

- both systems implement management functions on the principle of "intervention" - "feedback".

Moreover, the known system [3] of centralized automated management of the consortium, in comparison with the proposed system of automated functional and technical management in real time, the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings has a number of significant distinguishing features and disadvantages.

First of all, the well-known system [3] and the proposed system have different purpose, technical and socio-economic results, therefore, excellent configuration of workstations and servers included in their composition, various hardware composition and network layout of the integrated communication system.

The proposed system has three control centers and does not implement the principle of centralized management on the basis of the “central terminal”.

The known control system of the consortium does not provide for a functioning mode consisting in measuring the technical parametric characteristics of a technical object (CS; SC), but uses only their calculated values, therefore, in its structure does not contain hardware measuring and processing measurement data.

Despite the fact that the well-known consortium management system for the creation of the Earth remote sensing monitoring system and the proposed real-time automated functional-technical control system for the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings have in common different purpose and technical result; excellent configuration of workstations and servers included in their composition, but both systems have a number of coinciding features, the known system is accepted by the applicant as an analogue of the proposed system, but cannot be classified as a prototype.

A patent information search carried out by the applicant showed that the claimed combination of essential features according to the claimed utility model is not known.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the functioning of the infrastructure elements of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System, managing the process of ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings; to increase the engineering safety indicators of the supporting structures of buildings and emergency safety during their construction and operation by creating information databases, knowledge bases, databases, on the basis of which it is possible to develop timely control actions on the infrastructure elements of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System, as well as infrastructural elements of the "external environment" and the Consumer, in terms of their adoption and implementation of certain technical and organizational decisions in order to reduce risks Nia or reduce the effects of disaster (loss of life, economic loss due to the destruction of supporting structures of the building, the destruction or dysfunction of cells of adjacent buildings, highways, energy communications, etc.).

The essence of the claimed utility model, which is a device in the form of a hardware-information model, is that the system provides control of the infrastructure elements that are part of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System during the construction and operation of buildings and contains: metrological means for measuring the parametric characteristics of the building structure - vertical and horizontal displacements of the building at the upper level, the building's own vibrations and vibrations Denmark under the action of wind and seismic loads, vertical and horizontal movements of the critical elements of the building structure, deformations of the building foundation, building inclination of the base, precipitation of the building foundation, the pressure at the base of the building set directly on the building construction elements; metrological means for measuring the parametric hydrogeological characteristics of the soil mass, installed in soil wells under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building; Means of measuring meteorological parameters of the environment - temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, installed directly on the building, made with the possibility of automatic measurement in real time or at specified intervals and transmitting measurement results via wired and wireless communication channels, connected by means of a unified information communication system and communication equipment with the main and backup servers for collecting, processing and archiving information and the local network of the central console of the control and monitoring system of the building engineering systems, configured to collect source data in real time for the automated generation of heterogeneous metrological measurement databases, their automated integrated processing in real time and in the post-processing mode with a given frequency, automated calculation parameters, construction and visualization of 3D models of spatial strength and stress-deformable co thawing of the building structure, hydrogeological state of the soil mass on the basis of the initial data on the results of metrological measurements, performing computational and analytical operations to extrapolate integrated 3D models and comparing the values of their parametric characteristics with the initial design values, choosing options for control actions in the form of technical and organizational solutions, aimed at ensuring compliance with the parameters of the spatial-strength and stress-strain state building construction, compliance of building engineering safety and emergency safety indicators with the regulatory ranges, the automated generation of databases of simulation results and the execution of settlement and analytical operations, setting the mode and diagnostics of measuring instruments, which in turn are connected by means of communication equipment of the local network with the operator’s workstation the central control panel, configured to switch from the primary server to the backup server in manual mode, and by Using a unified information system for communication and communication equipment with the main and backup servers for collecting, processing and archiving local network information of the regional crisis management center of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia and the Regional Administration Situation Center, configured to collect the initial data from the central building control panels for automated the formation of databases, the implementation of analytical operations to determine the level of indicators of engineering safety of a building and emergency safety and their compliance with the regulatory ranges, the choice of control actions on the infrastructure elements of the "external environment" (executive units of the Ministry of Emergencies, regional administration, housing and communal services) in order to implement organizational and technical actions aimed at ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique buildings, preventing emergencies or reducing the level their consequences, the automated formation of databases of the results of analytical operations and selected control actions which, in turn, are connected by means of communication equipment of local networks with automated workstations of operators of the crisis management center of the Emergencies Ministry of Russia and the Situation Center of the regional administration (respectively), made with the ability to switch from the main server to the backup in manual mode, and by means of a single information system communications and communications equipment with servers and workstations of dispatching services of executive infrastructure elements of the “external environment”; also contains equipment and cable network of a single information communication system between the elements of the control system, configured to switch automatically and manually from the primary to the backup communication channel; backup power supplies of metrological measuring instruments, servers and workstations, made with the ability to switch automatically and manually from the main to the backup power source.

Figure 1 presents the structural-functional diagram of the inventive utility model. Figure 2 - module measuring equipment spatial-dynamic characteristics of the structures of buildings in figure 1. Figure 3 - module measuring equipment parametric characteristics of the soil mass in figure 1. Figure 4 - module measuring equipment parametric environmental characteristics of figure 1. In Fig.5 - a hardware module for collecting, processing and archiving engineering safety information as part of the building's CPU in Fig.1. In Fig.6 is a module for the collection, processing and archiving of the MCC of the Ministry of Emergencies in Fig 1. In Fig.7 is a module for collecting, processing and archiving the SC of the regional Administration in Fig 1.

Thus, the structural layout of the equipment of the proposed system of automated functional-technical control in real time of the safety infrastructure of the engineering load-bearing structures of unique buildings consists of six main modules from the modules shown in Figs. 1-7: the measuring equipment module installed directly on the structural elements of the unique building and providing measurements of its following spatially dynamic parametric characteristics: vertical and izontalnyh displacements of the building on the upper level; natural vibrations of the building and vibrations of the building under the influence of wind and seismic loads; vertical and horizontal movements of critical structural elements of a building; deformations of the base of the building; the inclination of the building at the base; precipitation of the base of the building; pressure on the base of the building; a module of measuring equipment installed in soil wells under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building, and providing measurements of the parametric hydrogeological and dynamic characteristics of the soil mass; a module of measuring equipment installed directly on the building and providing measurements of meteorological parameters of the environment; a module of equipment for collecting, processing and archiving measurement data, controlling the operating modes of the system itself and self-diagnosing the process of its operation, which is part of the central panel (CPU) of the monitoring and control system of engineering systems of the building (can be located either directly in specially allocated rooms of the building, or remotely ); module of equipment for collecting, processing and archiving data of the regional central control center of the Ministry of Emergencies; module of equipment for collecting, processing and archiving data of the regional situational center (SC).

Modules for collecting, processing and archiving information include AWP operators; primary and backup servers for collecting, processing and archiving information. At the same time, the CPU information collection, processing and archiving module additionally includes a mobile processor for collecting, integrated processing and archiving of heterogeneous measurement data. In addition, this module is additionally paired with a regional reference control panel by a network of base geodetic stations as an infrastructure element of the “external environment” for exchanging information on determining and refining (periodically recalculating) the parameters of regional geographic and local coordinate systems in the / “impact” mode - “ Feedback"/.

Modules for the collection, processing and archiving of information are interconnected with operational alarm systems of the building management system; emergency dispatching service EMERCOM; emergency engineering services of housing and communal services and regional SC equipped with standard means of emergency emergency warning (“external control environment”).

All modules of the equipment are connected by means of equipment and connecting wire (cable lines) and wireless main and backup networks of a single information communication system, which includes connecting the hardware elements of individual modules in the form of telephone communication channels, communication channels of information local systems of the corresponding infrastructure elements and the building, communication channels of the Internet information system, which are part of the automated functional-technical control system in real time Yeni engineering safety infrastructure supporting structures for unique buildings.

As personal computers, servers, controllers, elements of a unified information communication system, mass-produced and special equipment and elements are used that are intended for the formation of electro-radio-technical complexes and networks.

As measuring equipment, special and standardly issued metrological tools are used that provide measurements of the required physical quantities in accordance with the used metrological measurement technologies, including those specially adapted to solve the tasks, for example, such as: GNSS - a technology for measuring vertical and horizontal movements of the top of a building and a set of building vibration parameters; RVGI-technology for measuring the parameters of the geohydrological and dynamic state of the soil.

To ensure the functioning of the system, special software for processing measurement data, calculation and analytical programs for modeling and visualization of VAT and strength characteristics of the building are used; modeling of the state of the soil mass, specially developed software for the formation (support of adoption) in an automated mode of control actions, special and standard software for archiving information and forming databases based on the measurement results, their processing, management decisions generated and adopted for implementation, as well as special and standard software for managing the operating modes of the system and its diagnostics.

The proposed system is used in the following control modes: control, accounting, analysis, planning, control, forecasting of control parameters and control actions.

The basic principle of the functioning of the system is to maintain the value of the objective function of the system - an indicator of the effectiveness of functioning (at the appropriate levels of the hierarchy of management decisions) at each specific point in time in the basic range of design estimates in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documentation.

The proposed system of automated functional and technical control in real time by the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings operates as follows.

The measuring equipment installed on the structural elements of the building, in the soil mass under the base of the building and in the soil mass in the territorial zone adjacent to the perimeter of the building, provides in automatic mode in real time or at specified intervals in accordance with the monitoring plan laid down in the software the mode of functioning of the system, measuring the values of the parameters of physical quantities, which are the initial data for the analysis of the building VAT, its strength and spatial characteristics. The measurement mode of the parameters for each physical quantity is selected depending on the requirements established by the regulatory documentation. In addition, the CPU server is equipped with software for diagnosing and setting the operating modes of the components of the measuring instrument module, accounting for data on their technical characteristics, data on metrological certification and recertification. The location of the measuring instruments is established on the basis of the results of the strength calculation of the structure and foundation of the building, performed at the design stage of construction. The location of the measuring instruments (each sensor) is fixed relative to the local coordinate system of the building and entered into the software of the building's CPU server at the stage of commissioning of the system. The area adjacent to the building subject to monitoring is established in accordance with regulatory documents and, if necessary, can be increased at the request of the regional geodetic service or other interested departments. Measurement data is sent to the CPU server, and is integrated in real-time and post-processing in accordance with the algorithms of the corresponding software. In the process of integrated processing, the actual measurement data is automatically displayed on the operator's workstation (in graphical and / or tabular presentation), analyzed by comparing with the given scale the permissible ranges of "safety / danger". If the value of any of the parameters exceeds the limit of the safe range, information about the excess is automatically sent to the workstation of the CPU operator in the form of a warning signal. The processed data of dissimilar measurements through one communication channel are archived in the measurement database on the CPU server; through another communication channel, being the initial data for the calculation and analytical operations for integrated 3D modeling of VAT, the spatial position of the building and 3D modeling of the soil mass, they are processed and visualized in a graphical and / or tabular representation (on the operator’s workstation) using appropriate server software. All 3D modeling software is based on the principle of "finite elements". The parameters of the obtained 3D models are compared with the initial calculated parameters of the design spatial-strength 3D model of the building and the structural-parametric 3D model of the soil mass, compiled from the results of pre-design geodetic surveys. Both design models are initially embedded in the CPU server software for each specific construction site. The actual parameters for a given time stage of monitoring and design models are analyzed by comparing for compliance with the acceptable ranges of "safety / danger". If the value of any of the parameters exceeds the limit of the safe range, information about the excess automatically arrives at the operator's workstation of the CPU in the form of a warning signal. The data of the results of integrated modeling through one communication channel are sent to archiving in the databases on the CPU server; through another communication channel, being the initial data for the calculation and analytical operations for the extrapolation of integrated 3D models, they are received for processing and visualization of the result (in graphical and / or tabular presentation) to the operator’s workstation (using the appropriate software) in the form of the final 3D building VAT models taking into account the influence of changes in the parameters of the soil mass. Further, the parameters of this final 3D model are archived in the monitoring database on the CPU server and compared again with the calculated parameters of the design spatial strength 3D model of the building. If the value of any of the parameters exceeds the safe range, then information on the excess is automatically sent to the operator’s automated workstation of the CPU in the form of a warning signal through one channel, and then it is processed by another channel to evaluate the engineering safety and emergency safety indicators, then analytical unit for supporting decision-making by means of software for selecting an option or options from an array of a variety of alternative standard control decisions. An array of many alternative standard control solutions ("action scenarios") in the form of a database is initially stored in the CPU server. The structure of building the array takes into account both the variability of typical technical emergency warning solutions, taking into account the type of construction and the purpose of the building, and the variability of organizational decisions in accordance with the scale of the engineering danger of the building and the danger of emergency. Information on the actual level of engineering safety and emergency safety indicators, on the results of the selection of control action is sent to the workstation of the CPU operator and archived in the appropriate databases on the CPU server. In the event that the level of building engineering safety and emergency safety indicators is below the acceptable limits, this information is simultaneously sent as a warning signal to the server of the regional MCC of the Ministry of Emergencies and to the server of the regional center with the location of the building in the regional coordinate system and the location of the destabilizing factor in the local system coordinates of the building structure, visualized on the automated workplace of the CCU and SC operators. At the same time, detailed information about the monitoring results (parametric characteristics of the destabilizing factor) and the choice of a control technical solution aimed at eliminating or reducing the level of the destabilizing factor are received on the TsUKS server and the SC server. Moreover, the regional MCC of the Ministry of Emergencies and the regional SC are equipped with special servers for collecting, processing and archiving information (primary and backup), AWP operators. The servers of the SC and CCC are equipped with software for a more detailed assessment of the level of engineering safety of the building and emergency safety, respectively; the analytical unit of software for supporting the adoption of managerial organizational decisions and software for the formation of databases. The processing results of the information received from the building’s CPU are visualized (in graphical and / or tabular presentation) on the operator’s workstation and transmitted to the operators of the dispatching services of the relevant executive structural divisions of the Ministry of Emergencies, regional administration and housing and communal services (infrastructure elements of the “external environment”) with which they can / wireless) channels and communication equipment connected servers TsUKS and SC. According to the principle of “feedback” with the automated workplace of the TsUKS and SC operators, the parameters of the monitoring modes (measurement modes) can be set on the server of the building’s CPU, as well as feedback on the final managerial decisions made regarding the introduction of emergency and rescue situations if necessary. In the event that information about the introduction of the emergency rescue mode is received on the CPU server, it is automatically reflected on the automated workplace of the CPU operator in the form of a warning signal, and also automatically enters the alarm block (to notify the Building Consumer) of the building management system server.

The components of the central control panel system and the measuring instrument module are connected (powered) with a single power supply network of the building, as well as with the redundant power supplies that are part of the system, or with a redundant power supply to the unique building and ensure uninterrupted operation.

If necessary (by agreement), all information (or information for a certain period) on the monitoring results of a unique building and soil mass in the area of adjacent territories, as well as information on the results of functioning diagnostics, can be sent to the TsUKS and SC servers at a certain frequency or in real time systems, including measuring instruments, servers for collecting, processing and archiving information, AWP CPU.

Information on monitoring the state of the soil massif, if necessary, can be sent to the server of the regional geodetic service with a given frequency.

Information about 3D - models of construction objects, if necessary, can be sent to the server of the regional Administration (Construction Committee) for the formation and updating of databases of urban development objects.

The proposed system of automated functional and technical management in real time of the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings meets the requirements of regulatory documentation for monitoring and control systems of engineering systems of buildings and structures (GOST R 22.1.12, etc.), is optimal , from the point of view of its construction, according to the number of incoming and outgoing connections, communication links between its elements, which allows significantly reducing tit the time of decision-making in the management process, to ensure the accuracy and flexibility of management, without prejudice to the interests of the infrastructure belonging to the Unified state system of prevention and liquidation of emergency situations.

The proposed system through the use of measuring tools that are part of the device and ensuring the implementation of high-precision technologies of metrological measurements, the hierarchical architecture of the functioning algorithm allows you to accurately and timely identify the causes and trends of changes and deviations from the design ranges of the spatial strength parameters of the structure, the VAT of the building during construction and operation, as well as the influence of the building on the geohydrological state of the soil mass and adj gayuschie ground and underground urban infrastructure elements; Due to automation equipment, calculation-analytical software for processing measurement information, it allows timely and justified formation and adoption of control actions aimed at preventing emergencies or reducing the level of their consequences.

The system can be used to manage infrastructural elements of various departmental subordination that are part of the Unified State Emergency Prevention and Response System, with the aim of solving the problem of ensuring engineering safety of supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings.

The system has a modular structure and construction algorithm, it can be supplemented with additional functional modules, if necessary, expand the range of control tasks.

Separate modules of the system, if necessary, can be used for deformation monitoring of the technical condition of emergency buildings, as well as for deformation monitoring of man-made (structures) and natural objects of increased danger, strategic objects.

We believe that the proposed device (system) has all the criteria of a useful model, since the claimed system, together with the restrictive and distinctive features of the claims, is new to well-known systems and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty."

The novelty of the utility model lies in the fact that the real-time centralized automated control system for the engineering safety infrastructure of the supporting structures of unique buildings and structures is a device in the form of a hardware-information model consisting of elements of an automated control and measurement subsystem (CIS); automated workstations (AWS), including personal computers (PCs), building CPA operators, CCS operators and SC operators, database servers, servers for collecting and processing information, equipment, wire (cable) and wireless networks of the communication subsystem, which allows creating information databases, knowledge bases, databases:

- according to the results of measurements of parameters characterizing the current technical state of engineering safety of the supporting structures of a unique building under the influence of external and internal loads;

- according to the results of measurements of parameters characterizing the current state of the soil mass under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building;

- according to the results of identification in the soil mass of foreign (man-made) objects, their types and characterizing parameters;

- according to the results of computational modeling of the stress-strain state (VAT) of the base and structure of the building, the spatial position of the building structure and its especially critical elements;

- according to the results of computational modeling of the hydrogeological structural composition, VAT of the soil mass under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building;

- according to the results of computational modeling of the mutual influence of changes in the parametric characteristics of the building structure and the soil mass;

- based on the results of identification of the degree of engineering safety of the supporting structure of the building and the danger of emergency;

- according to the results of the selection of options for control decisions from an array of many alternative options for "action scenarios",

- according to the results of the assessment and optimization of the performance indicators of the infrastructure elements that ensure the engineering safety of the building, based on which, it is possible to develop timely control actions on the infrastructure elements to ensure the engineering safety of building structures in order to prevent emergencies or reduce their consequences.

The constructive implementation of the claimed system does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, from which the compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability" follows.

Information sources:

1. Patent for utility model No. 63091 dated 05/10/2007, authors: Luzhkov Yu.M., Solomonov Yu.S. and etc.

2. Utility Model Certificate No. 26665 of December 10, 2002, authors: Chubais AB, Melamed LB and etc.

3. Patent for utility model No. 88168 of 05.20.2009, author Kurkova O.P. - prototype.

Claims (1)

The system of automated functional and technical management in real time of the infrastructure for ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique residential and public buildings, which is a device in the form of a hardware-information model, characterized in that the system provides control of the infrastructure elements included in the Unified State System for Prevention and Elimination emergency situations during the construction and operation of buildings, and contains metrological avg means for measuring the parametric characteristics of the building structure - vertical and horizontal displacements of the building along the upper level, natural vibrations of the building and vibrations of the building under the influence of wind and seismic loads, vertical and horizontal displacements of critical structural elements of the building, deformations of the base of the building, inclination of the building along the base, settlement of the base , pressure on the base of the building, installed directly on the structural elements of the building, metrological means of measurement parameter hydrogeological characteristics of the soil mass, installed in soil wells under the base of the building and in the area adjacent to the perimeter of the building, means of measuring meteorological environmental parameters - temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, installed directly on the building, made with the possibility of automatic making measurements in real time or with a given frequency and transmitting the measurement results via wired and wireless channels communication llamas, connected by means of a single information system of communication and communication equipment with the main and backup servers for collecting, processing and archiving local network information of the central console of the control and monitoring system of the building engineering systems, configured to collect source data in real time for automated database generation data of heterogeneous metrological measurements, their automated integrated processing in real time and in post-processing mode with a given periodicity, automated calculation of parameters, construction and visualization of 3D models of the spatial-strength and stress-strain state of the building structure, the hydrogeological state of the soil mass based on the initial data from the results of metrological measurements, the calculation and analytical operations for the extrapolation of integrated 3D models and comparison values of their parametric characteristics with initial design values, the choice of options for control actions in e technical and organizational solutions aimed at ensuring compliance of the parameters of the spatial-strength and stress-strain state of the building structure, the compliance of the building engineering safety and emergency safety indicators with the normative ranges, the automated generation of databases of simulation results and the performance of settlement and analytical operations, setting the mode and diagnostics measuring instruments, in turn, connected by means of communication equipment of a local network with automation manual workstation of the operator of the central control panel, capable of switching from the main server to the backup one manually, and using the unified information system of communication and communication equipment with the main and backup servers for collecting, processing and archiving local network information of the regional crisis management center of the Ministry of Emergencies Russia and the Situation Center of the region’s administration, configured to collect the initial data from the central control panels of buildings for the accelerated formation of databases, the performance of analytical operations to determine the level of engineering safety indicators for buildings and emergency safety and their compliance with regulatory ranges, the choice of control actions on the infrastructural elements of the “external environment” (executive units of the Ministry of Emergencies, regional administration, housing and communal services) in order to implement organizational - of a technical nature, aimed at ensuring engineering safety of the supporting structures of unique buildings, prevention of emergency situations or reduction of their consequences, automated generation of databases of the results of analytical operations and selected control actions, which in turn are connected by means of communication equipment of local networks with automated workstations of operators of the crisis management center of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia and the Situation Center of the regional administration (respectively), performed with the ability to switch from the main server to the backup in manual mode, and by means of a single information system communications and communication equipment with servers and automated workstations of dispatching services of executive infrastructure elements of the "external environment", also contains equipment and cable network of a single information communication system between control system elements, made with the possibility of switching in automatic and manual mode from the main to the backup communication channel , backup power supplies of metrological measuring instruments, servers and workstations, made with the ability to switch niya in automatic and manual mode from the primary to the backup power source.