RU123168U1 - STEP-VOLTAGE AVAILABILITY INDICATOR INDIVIDUAL INDIVIDUAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The signaling device of the presence of a step voltage, automatic, individual, consisting of a reacting (measuring) organ and a sound signaling module, mounted in one robust plastic case, characterized in that it additionally contains two conductive electrodes in the form of metal plates and copper stranded insulated wires connected to the reacting (measuring) ) by an organ, and not having dependent (built-in) power supplies.

Description

The proposed device relates to electrical devices, in particular to indicators (meters) of the magnitude of constant and / or alternating voltage. This device is used to measure in the field the magnitude of the electric voltage (the difference of electric potentials), which occurs between two points on the ground at a distance equal to the step length of a person when he is in a dangerous zone - a zone of step voltage. The step voltage occurs during a single-phase earth fault in an electrical installation with a voltage of 6-35 kV (in this case, the closure of one wire of an overhead power line with a voltage of 6-35 kV to the ground or the structure of the support). The device can work in any weather conditions and outdoor temperature from -40 ° C to + 40 ° C. During use, the detector may be in the breast pocket of special clothing or in the hands of a human user (Fig. 3).

Known signaling voltage signaling devices SNK-10 (SNK-35), manufactured by Carneol LLC (Moscow region, Dolgoprudny, PO Box 103), voltage signaling devices tangent Radius produced by Scientific and Production Center Electrosafety LLC (Kirov region , Kirov, а / я 57), which are designed to warn a person of his approaching a distance of less than two meters to live parts that are under voltage of 6-10 kV, but they have built-in (dependent) power sources.

Known voltage signaling devices SNI-6-10-U2 "Crystal" manufactured by "INVAR-ELTRANS" (Moscow, Podkolokolny per., D.13 \ 5, off.512, 615), which are designed to warn operating personnel about the presence of voltage on the wires of power lines with a voltage of 6-10 kV and have built-in (dependent) power sources.

Known voltage signaling devices are individual universal SNIU.D manufactured by the DIELECTRIC Company (127411, Moscow, Box No. 1), which are designed to alert a person of his proximity to live parts of overhead transmission lines 6-10 kV, which are energized, and have built-in (dependent) power supplies.

Known voltage signaling devices individual helical “SNIKM 6-10” manufactured by “Energozashita” LLC (Republic of Armenia, Yerevan), which are designed to warn personnel working on overhead power transmission lines with a voltage of 6-10 kV about being in a potentially dangerous area for approaching live wires at a dangerous distance and have built-in (dependent) power supplies.

All of the above signaling devices have built-in (dependent) power sources, which reduce their reliability. Known instruments for measuring direct and alternating voltage type E531-E534, which are designed to operate in a temperate climate in closed, dry, heated rooms, weigh 1.3-1.4 kg and are not intended for use in the field. Known instruments for measuring direct and alternating voltage type D5102 and D5103, which are also designed to operate in a temperate climate in closed, dry rooms at an ambient temperature of + 10 ° C to + 35 ° C and relative humidity up to 80% at a temperature of +25 ° C; They weigh significantly more - 4.3 kg and are not intended for use in the field. These devices cannot work in real time and each time they need a special connection to make measurements. The closest in technical essence of the known devices is the voltage detector "IVA-N" manufactured by LLC "Scientific and Production Center" Electrical Safety "(Kirov region, Kirov, box 57), containing a reacting (measuring) organ and a light and sound alarm module placed in one sturdy plastic case. This device allows you to notify a person about the presence of voltage directly on live parts with voltages above 1000 V. However, these voltage indicators do not allow use in adverse weather conditions (in rain, fog) and have built-in (dependent) power sources, which reduces their reliability and application area. This device also does not have the necessary selectivity, that is, it constantly works when there is a voltage above 1000 V on live parts that are at a considerable distance inaccessible to humans (10-20 m), and which does not pose any threat to it. The objective of the utility model is to improve the voltage signaling device by using conductive electrodes that supply different values of electric potentials to the reacting (measuring) organ, which serve as a power source for this device. Thus, the device does not require turning it on and off and works in constant mode (on-line mode) and in any weather conditions. This object is achieved by the fact that conductive steel plates are attached to the sole of a person’s shoe (Fig. 2), which play the role of electrodes, which are connected to a reacting (measuring) organ by insulated stranded wires of the grade PV - 1 × 0.5 mm ² with a length of 1500 mm each.

An example of the implementation of such a device is shown in the photograph (figure 5).

The signaling device contains a reacting (measuring) organ, an audio signaling module, placed in a durable plastic case (Fig. 1), which protects the elements of the device from mechanical damage and atmospheric precipitation, two insulated stranded copper flexible wires connected to conductive electrodes mounted on the sole of the shoe person. The location diagram of the voltage detector on the human body is shown in the drawing of figure 3. The electrical elements of the device are interconnected by soldering. The electrical circuit of the device (figure 4) works as follows:

An alternating (step) voltage is applied to the electrodes E1 and U2. This voltage through the limiting resistance R1 is fed to the input of the diode bridge, assembled on the diodes VD1-VD4, and is rectified. The rectified voltage is fed to the input of the parametric stabilizer R2VD5 (stabilizes 9 volts) and capacitor C1, which smooths the ripple of the rectified voltage. This constant voltage powers the R3VD6 step voltage indicator and the audible alarm module.

The sound alarm module is a generator based on transistors VT1 and VT2, connected according to the scheme of an asymmetric multivibrator. The simplicity of the generator circuit is explained by the use of transistors of different structures, which eliminates the need for many details necessary for the construction of a multivibrator on transistors of the same structure. Oscillations of the generator, and hence the sound in the dynamic head BA1 appear due to the positive feedback between the collector of the transistor VT2 and the base VT1 through the capacitor C2. With a constant supply of step voltage from the reacting (measuring) organ to the signaling module, the bias voltage on the basis of transistor VT1 increases and, at a certain value, the transistor opens, starting the single-tone siren generator. When the input (step) voltage decreases, the bias voltage on the basis of VT1 decreases and the transistor VT1 closes, therefore, the single-tone siren stops and the VD6 indicator goes out. The device circuit works stably when there is voltage at the input, starting from 7 Volts and above. At the laboratory bench, this device showed stable operation in the voltage range from 7 to 150 volts.

Claims (1)

An individual individual voltage signaling device, consisting of a reacting (measuring) organ and an audible alarm module, mounted in one durable plastic case, characterized in that it additionally contains two conductive electrodes in the form of metal plates and multicore insulated copper wires connected to the reacting (measuring ) body, and not having dependent (built-in) power sources.