RU121801U1 - DEVICE FOR UNLOADING BULK CARGOES FROM GANWAGONS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars, containing a car dumper, including a rotary box (2), made with the ability to rotate around a horizontal axis (XX) and an upper frame (3) with side posts (5) connected by a beam (4), connected with a swivel box (2) and equipped with at least four block clips (19) of the car dumper, located symmetrically relative to the center of gravity of the car dumper, and means (10, 11) for fastening the body (20) of the gondola in the specified box, and the swivel box (2) is connected with an upper frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the side struts (5) of the upper frame (3), characterized in that it also contains:! crane trolley (22), including a trolley frame (23) equipped with hoisting mechanisms (25), at least four block yokes (26) of the crane trolley and at least four auxiliary winches (27), located symmetrically about the central vertical axis (YY ) a car dumper and equipped with retractable ropes (28); moreover, the block clips (19) of the car dumper are connected by ropes (31) with the block clips (26) of the crane bogie, and the upper frame (3) of the car dumper has fasteners (29), on which the retractable ropes (28) of the crane bogie are fixed; moreover, the ropes are fixed on the specified fastening elements (29) at an angle to the central vertical axis (Y-Y) of the car dumper (1); ! and a control system for auxiliary winches (27) configured to control the auxiliary winches (27) independently of each other. ! 2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the fasteners (29) of the haul ropes

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The invention relates to a device for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars, designed for installation on overhead cranes, in particular overhead cranes and gantry cranes.

State of the art

Various methods are known from the prior art for mechanized unloading of gondola cars containing bulk cargoes such as sand, ore, coal, and similar cargoes. The most common types of mechanized unloading of gondola cars are unloading by scooping and tipping.

The most effective method of mechanized unloading of gondola cars is tipping unloading using devices specially designed for this purpose - car dumper, various types of which are described, for example, in the document “Car dumper”, S. I. Krapotkin, B. I. Sorokin, M .: Transzheldorizdat, 1937 g.

The most commonly used rotary car dumper, in which the gondola is unloaded due to its rotation around the horizontal axis by 180 °. Such a car dumper is known, for example, from the document "Technology of production and repair of wagons", ed. K.V. Motovilova, publishing house "Route", 2003

Despite the high productivity of unloading carried out using rotary dumpers, this type of unloading also has a number of significant drawbacks associated with significant costs for organizing the unloading technological section, due to the need to modernize the unloading terminal infrastructure, large metal consumption and weight of the structure, as well as high energy costs for tipping . In addition, due to the stationarity of such a car dumper, the unloading of the car is carried out in a strictly defined place and, therefore, for further transportation of the cargo, it is necessary to carry out its additional transshipment to another vehicle or to a warehouse.

Considering the shortcomings of the well-known car dumper, the applicant has developed a car dumper, which allows quickly and with minimal financial costs to unload bulk cargo from open wagons in various places of the loading and unloading terminal, and, in particular, directly to another vehicle or warehouse without additional cargo transshipment and without the need to modernize the infrastructure of the unloading terminal. This car dumper was presented by the applicant at the TransRussia 2012 exhibition, which was held in Moscow from April 24 to 27, 2012.

Such a car dumper includes a rotary box, made with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis and containing fastening means in it a gondola. The rotary box also has an upper frame with side racks connected by a beam, and the rotary box is connected to the upper frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the side racks of the upper frame, and the upper frame is equipped with means for suspending the car dumper to the crane.

For unloading bulk cargo using the indicated car dumper, it is suspended from the load-gripping bodies of the crane truck, the loaded gondola is fixed in the box of the car dumper and transferred to the unloading zone by the crane, where the gondola car is rotated around the horizontal axis, due to which the cargo contained in the gondola is poured.

The ability to move the car dumper with a crane ensures its “mobility”, allowing the unloading of the gondola car not only in one particular place of the loading and unloading terminal, but also in other places of the terminal, including unloading directly to another vehicle, such as, for example, cargo ship or warehouse, thus eliminating the need for additional transshipment of cargo.

In addition, for the organization of the unloading area and the implementation of unloading gondola cars using such a car dumper, expensive earthworks, concrete, waterproofing and other works are not required. The crane with the proposed car dumper can be installed in any place where standard crane tracks are laid.

As can be seen from the foregoing, unloading gondola cars using the specified device for unloading bulk cargo has significant advantages compared with other known methods of unloading gondola cars.

However, during unloading of gondola cars using the above-described device, some problems also arise.

So, when moving the car dumper suspended from the crane truck load gripping hooks, as well as when unloading the contents from the gondola car fixed in the car dumper, the car dumper is swinging, which leads to wear of the crane equipment, it slows down the car dumper with the loaded gondola car to the unloading process, it makes the unloading load difficult, and, as a result, reduces the unloading performance of a gondola and the efficiency of the unloading process.

In addition, the principle of operation of such a car dumper includes the need for accurate positioning of this device over a loaded gondola car, which is also associated with significant time costs. Thus, there is a need to ensure accurate and quick positioning of the tipper over a loaded gondola, which will also reduce the unloading time and, therefore, increase its productivity.

As can be seen from the foregoing, there is a need for further improvement of the car dumper of the type described above.

Utility Model Disclosure

Thus, the authors of the proposed utility model were faced with the task of creating a device that allows to increase the unloading performance performed using a car dumper of the type described above by damping the rocking of the car dumper during its movement to the place of unloading and unloading of cargo, as well as by enabling faster and precise positioning of the car dumper over a loaded gondola car.

The problem is solved by combining the aforementioned car dumper and crane truck into one device for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars by creating a constructive and functional relationship between the two above devices, previously used as separate structurally unrelated devices, providing the resulting device with damping mechanisms for swinging the car dumper and its precise and quick positioning over a loaded gondola car.

The proposed device for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars contains:

a car dumper, including a jib, rotatable around a horizontal axis and an upper frame with side racks connected by a beam, connected to a jib and equipped with at least four block clips of a dumper, located symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the dumper, and means for securing the gondola body to the specified box, and the rotary box is connected to the upper frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the side racks of the upper frame;

a crane truck including a truck frame equipped with load-lifting mechanisms, at least four block clips of the crane truck and at least four auxiliary winches located symmetrically with respect to the central vertical axis of the tipper and equipped with pull ropes; moreover, the block clips of the car dumper are connected by ropes to the block clips of the crane trolley, and the frame of the truck tipper has fasteners on which the pull ropes of the crane truck are fixed; moreover, the ropes are mounted on these fasteners at an angle to the Central vertical axis of the tipper;

control system for auxiliary winches, configured to control the winches independently of each other.

The presence in the proposed device of at least four pairs of block cages connected by ropes forming four pulley blocks helps to reduce the swing of the car tipper when unloading bulk cargo, since in this case, when the gondola is tipped over, the center of gravity of the car tipper-loaded gondola system does not go beyond the support contour, formed by these four sheaves.

However, the presence of four chain hoists alone will not allow sufficient stabilization of the car dumper containing a loaded gondola during its movement and unloading. Such additional stabilization is ensured by the operation of auxiliary winches with pull ropes located symmetrically relative to the central vertical axis of the car dumper, at an angle to the vertical central axis of the car dumper, and a control system that independently controls each of these winches.

So, when the hoisting ropes of the hoisting pulley from the vertical, caused by the swinging of the tipper or torsional vibrations, the control system controls the winches so that the forces in the pull ropes are redistributed in such a way as to reduce this deviation and to quench the swing of the tipper.

In addition, thanks to the independent control of the winches, it becomes possible to carry out small movements of the car dumper in the forward-backward and lateral directions, and also to rotate it relative to the vertical axis, which allows precise positioning of the car dumper over a loaded gondola car, and thus reduce unloading time and increase her performance.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the fasteners of the pull ropes are placed symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of the car tipper on the beam of the car dumper frame.

In accordance with an embodiment of the utility model, the control system is configured to automatically control auxiliary winches, in particular, depending on the deviation of the ropes connecting the block clips of the car dumper and crane trolley from the vertical, which contributes to an increase in the unloading speed due to high control accuracy and fast damping of rocking of the car dumper during registration by the control system of the rope deviation of the sheaves of the sheaves of the device for unloading bulk Ruzov from the vertical.

In accordance with an embodiment of the utility model, the control system is configured to manually control auxiliary winches, which allows for small movements of the car dumper in the forward-backward and lateral directions, as well as the rotation of the car dumper relative to its central vertical axis. As a result, it is possible to precisely position the car dumper over a loaded gondola car.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the device according to the invention comprises a control cabin connected to the frame of the trolley.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the control system is located in the control cabin.

Below the proposed device is described in more detail and with reference to the attached drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a side view of the car dumper, which is part of the proposed device for unloading bulk cargo, with a gondola car body located inside the car dumper.

Figure 2 shows a front view of the tipper of figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a top view of the car dumper of figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the proposed device for unloading bulk goods;

Figure 5 shows a side view of the proposed device of figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a top view of the proposed device of figure 4.

Utility Model Implementation

Figure 1 shows a side view of the car dumper, which is part of the proposed device for unloading bulk cargo, and Fig.2 and 3 respectively show a front view and a top view of the indicated car dumper.

The car dumper 1 comprises a pivot box 2 and an upper frame 3 formed by a beam 4 and side racks 5, by means of which the upper frame is attached to the pivot box. The rotary box 2, in turn, is formed by two side frames: the first side frame 6 and the second side frame 7, made in the form of trusses and two end frames 8. The first side frame 6 is made with a thickening 9 of the profile, having a trapezoidal shape in plan and serving support for the body of the gondola car 20 when placing the latter in the tipper 1.

On the inner surface of each of the side frames, means are provided for securing the gondola body 20 in a slewing frame, which are grips 10, 11. At the same time, the grips 10 provided on the first side frame 6 are rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the said frame, while the grips 11 provided on the second side frame 7, mounted on it by means of traction and screw drives 13 with the possibility of movement in the transverse direction of the car dumper 1.

As a screw drive intended for fastening and moving the grippers, any drive of a similar type known to a person skilled in the art, for example, a servo motor, can be used.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pivot box 2 is connected to the side posts 5 of the upper frame by means of bearing assemblies 16 provided in the end frames 8 of the pivot box 2. Pivots are inserted into the bearing assemblies 16, fixed at the lower ends of the vertical struts 5 of the upper frame 3, and on the end frames 8 coaxially mounted to the bearing assemblies, gear rings 17 are installed. This connection allows the rotation of the rotary box 2 relative to the side posts 5 of the upper frame 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, pivoting means 18 are provided on the side posts of the upper frame 3 to rotate the box 2 about a horizontal axis (X-X). The upper frame is also equipped with at least four block clips 19, located symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the tipper and connected via ropes 31 to the block clips 26 of the crane truck (shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6), which is part of the proposed device for unloading bulk goods from gondola cars, with the formation, thus, four pulley blocks.

Figure 4-6 shows the generally proposed device 21 for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars, which, in addition to the tipper 1 includes a crane trolley 22 containing a frame 23 of the trolley, equipped with means 24 for moving the trolley along the rails of the crane, at least four block clips 26, consisting of rope blocks, and hoisting mechanisms 25, preferably in the form of winches.

The proposed device for unloading bulk cargo also contains at least four auxiliary winches 27 located on the frame 23 of the truck and equipped with pull ropes 28 connected to the fasteners 29 available on the upper frame 3 of the tipper.

In accordance with the preferred embodiment shown in figures 4-6, the proposed device contains four auxiliary winches 27.

These auxiliary winches 27 are located on the trolley frame 23 symmetrically with respect to the central vertical axis (Y-Y) of the tipper, and the draw ropes 28 are located at an angle to the central vertical axis (Y-Y) of the tipper.

The fasteners 29 for fastening the pull ropes 28 are preferably arranged on the beam 4 of the upper frame 3 of the car tipper symmetrically with respect to the central axis (Y-Y) of the car tipper.

The proposed device also contains a control system for auxiliary winches 27 (not shown in the drawings). The control system can be located, for example, in the control cabin 30, mounted on the frame 23 of the crane truck 22. The control system provides for the ability to control the winches independently of each other.

The control system can operate both in automatic mode and in manual control mode, depending on the stage of unloading. So, if the hoisting ropes of the hoisting pulley from the vertical, caused by the swinging of the tipper or torsional vibrations, the system can automatically control each of the winches so that the forces in the draw ropes are redistributed so as to reduce this deviation.

The operation algorithm of such control systems, providing damping of the swinging of the load suspended from the lifting device by changing the tension of the hoist ropes, is known and often used in such lifting devices as container handlers, gantry cranes or bridge cranes. In this case, the deviation of the hoisting ropes of the chain hoists from the vertical can be determined, for example, using optical sensors mounted on a crane truck, by the difference in the speed of winding (winding) of the pull ropes of winches, or using other methods known in the art.

In addition, the system provides the ability to control auxiliary winches 27 to ensure small (up to 200-300 mm) movements of the tipper in vertical and horizontal planes, as well as a turn around the central vertical axis (YY) by up to 3-5 degrees, which allows accurate positioning car dumper over a loaded gondola car in a finishing mode.

The proposed device 21 for unloading bulk cargo from gondola cars works as follows.

A device 21 for unloading bulk cargo is brought to a gondola car standing on rails placed under a load-lifting (bridge or gantry) crane, moving the crane truck 22 along the crane rails.

After placing the car dumper 1 over the gondola, it starts to be lowered onto the gondola, activating the load-lifting mechanisms 25. In the case of insufficiently accurate positioning of the rotary box 2 of the car dumper over the gondola, which can prevent the gondola from being placed in the gondola, the auxiliary winches 27 are controlled by lapping the location of the car dumper and gondola, due to small movements and rotations of the car dumper relative to its central vertical axis, thus achieving the most accurate positioning of the rotary box 2 above the walls of the gondola car. This fine-tuning is preferably carried out manually, for which the crane operator sets the magnitude and direction of small displacement with the help of the control knob. As a result, the control system changes the tension in the pull ropes 28 and the car dumper 1 moves towards the rope with great effort.

Then, the rotary box 2 of the car dumper is lowered onto the gondola for which the clamps 15 are diverted into the dimension of the gripper beams 10, 11, thus ensuring the free movement of the rotary box 2 in the downward direction along the gondola car body 20. The rotary box 2 is lowered onto the gondola body 20 until it abuts against the stops 14 of the grippers 10, mounted on the first side frame 6.

After that, the screw drives 13 of the grippers 11 of the second side frame 7 are driven, which in turn act on the grippers 11, causing them to move in the transverse direction and bringing them to the sides of the gondola car body 20. As a result of the movement of the grippers 11, the body 20 is pressed against the first side frame 6 at the site of its thickening 9, and the stops 14 of the grippers 11 abut against the upper edge of the side wall of the body of the gondola car 20.

Then, the lower part of the body of the gondola car 20 is fixed in the rotary box 2. For this, the clamps 15 are removed from the dimensions of the support beams, after which, by means of the clamp drive, they are brought to the lower support structural elements of the gondola car, thereby securing the gondola car in the rotary box 2 of the car dumper 1 .

After performing the above operations, the body of the loaded gondola car standing on the rails is securely fixed in the rotary box 2 of the tipper car 1. After disconnecting the gondola car body 20 from the running trolleys, the tipper car 1 is lifted together with the gondola car body 20 mounted in it, and they are transferred to the crane truck 25; to the unloading area. In this case, when moving the device 21 containing the loaded gondola car along the rails of the crane, the control system of the auxiliary winches 27 works in such a way that when registering the deviation of the chain hoists from the vertical caused by the swinging of the tipper or torsional vibrations, the forces in the pull ropes are redistributed so as to exert a force impact to reduce this deviation. Thus, due to the damping of vibrations and the swaying of the car dumper containing a loaded gondola, it is possible to quickly move the cargo to the place of unloading.

After placing the car dumper 1 with the gondola car body 20 above the place where the unloading will take place, the turning means 18 are activated, under the action of which the turning box 2 is rotated relative to the side posts 5 of the upper frame 3 around its horizontal axis (XX), due to which the existing bulk car in a gondola car.

At this stage of unloading, the control system of auxiliary winches 27 works in a similar way, redistributing the tensile forces in the pull ropes 28 in the direction of reducing the deviation of the chain hoists from the vertical, thereby damping the swinging of the tipper 1, which allows unloading the gondola car as quickly as possible.

After completely emptying the gondola car body 20, the rotary means 18 are again activated to return the rotary box 2 to its original position.

Then, the rotary box 2 with the empty gondola car body 20 fixed in it is again transferred to the area of the gondola's original location, placed on the undercarriage and disconnected from the gondola car body 20.

Thus, in accordance with this utility model, a device is proposed for unloading bulk cargo from open wagons, providing the ability to move cargo to any convenient unloading place with minimal material costs, as well as maximum unloading performance due to damping the swaying of a car dumper containing a loaded gondola and more accurate positioning tipper over gondola.

Claims (7)

1. A device for unloading bulk cargo from open wagons, comprising a tipper, including a slewing gear (2) configured to rotate around a horizontal axis (XX) and an upper frame (3) with side racks (5) connected by a beam (4) connected with a swivel box (2) and equipped with at least four block clips (19) of the car dumper, located symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the dumper, and means (10, 11) for fastening the body (20) of the gondola in the specified box, the rotary box (2) with one with the upper frame pivotally relative to the side struts (5) of the upper frame (3), characterized in that it also comprises: crane trolley (22), including the frame (23) of the trolley, equipped with lifting mechanisms (25), at least four block clips (26) of the crane trolley and at least four auxiliary winches (27), located symmetrically with respect to the central vertical axis (YY ) a car dumper and equipped with pull ropes (28); moreover, the block clips (19) of the truck tipper are connected by ropes (31) to the block clips (26) of the crane truck, and the upper frame (3) of the truck tipper has fasteners (29) on which the pull ropes (28) of the crane truck are fixed; moreover, the ropes are fixed on the indicated fasteners (29) at an angle to the central vertical axis (Y-Y) of the tipper (1); and a control system for auxiliary winches (27), configured to control auxiliary winches (27) independently of each other. 2. The device according to claim 1, in which the fastening ropes fasteners (29) are placed on the beam (4) of the car dumper frame (3) symmetrically with respect to the central vertical axis (Y-Y) of the car dumper. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the control system is configured to automatically control auxiliary winches (27). 4. The device according to claim 3, in which the system controls the auxiliary winches (27) depending on the deviation of the ropes (31) connecting the block clips (19, 26) from the vertical. 5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the control system is configured to control auxiliary winches (27) manually. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a control cabin (30) connected to the carriage frame (23). 7. The device according to claim 6, in which the control system is located in the control cabin (30).