RU121266U1 - UNIVERSAL FLEXIBLE PROTECTIVE CONCRETE MAT WITH UNITS OF REDUCED SIZE - Google Patents

Abstract

A universal flexible protective concrete mat containing a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows, connected to each other into a flexible canvas by at least one rope embedded in them, characterized in that at least two blocks are interconnected by 2 ÷ 10 single lay ropes passing through the body blocks directly close to each other, mainly in parallel, or with one rope of double or triple lay with 2 ÷ 10 strands.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to hydraulic structures and is intended both to protect objects covered with anticorrosive insulation, in particular pipelines, and objects with a complex surface topography, for example, a coastline. This utility model can also find other applications in situations where the protection of objects having relatively fragile coatings for other purposes is required.

As one of the means to protect open sections of pipelines under water or to protect the coastline, universal flexible protective concrete mats (UGZBM) are used, containing a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows, united by reinforcing ropes or cables that are monolithic in them (patent documents RU 2325474 C1 , 05.27.2008; RU 106629 U1, 07.20.2011; RU 105312 U1, 06/10/2011).

The well-known UGZBM are used, in particular, to protect metal pipes coated with anti-corrosion insulation. UGZBM protects the insulation on pipes from damage by objects carried by the river, including sand, which acts as an abrasive material. However, when using the known UGZBM there is a risk of damage to the insulation layer directly with concrete blocks UGZBM, which have a significant mass.

The probability of insulation damage is high due to the fact that the bases of concrete blocks of a conventional UGZBM are a flat surface in contact with the insulation layer on the surface of a cylindrical pipe. In this case, the contact of the concrete block UGZBM with the pipe is carried out practically along one line, and the width of the contact zone depends on the degree of punching the insulation by blocks UGZBM under the influence of gravity. The presence of unrecoverable microvibration caused, in particular, by the flow of water, leads to a linear break in the insulation of the pipeline with concrete blocks placed on it, which significantly reduces the useful life of the pipeline.

The following solutions are available for this problem.

1. To provide UGZBM soft cushioning stops (gaskets), for example, from rubber (patent document RU 2129635 C1, 04/27/1999). However, this known design is difficult to manufacture.

2. Perform UGZBM with blocks having a concave surface of the lower bases, which will provide the maximum area of contact of the block with the pipe, on the part of the cylindrical surface (patent document RU 2352714 C2, 12/10/2008). However, taking into account the large nomenclature of pipe diameters and significantly different insulation thicknesses, an unreasonably wide nomenclature of UGZBM will be required. In addition, the slightest deviation from perpendicularity when laying such UGZBM will lead to guaranteed insulation damage, because the area of contact between the block and the pipe will be significantly reduced.

3. To make UGZBM with blocks smaller than usual in order to reduce the mass of the blocks, and therefore to reduce the pressure of the UGZBM blocks on the insulation of the pipe being protected.

The latter option seems to be most preferable, given its lack of disadvantages of the other options listed.

It should be noted that if only the thickness of the blocks is reduced, the strength of the protection will decrease, since blocks will have less mechanical strength. Therefore, it is advisable to reduce the external dimensions (dimensions) of an individual concrete block in the composition of the UGZBM canvas, because this will increase the contact area UGZBM with the insulation of the pipeline due to an increase in the number of blocks in contact with the pipe (see figure 1) and the pressure in each contact area will decrease.

However, if the linear dimensions of the UGZBM block are reduced, the reliability of fixing the reinforcing rope (cable) in the body of the concrete block will also decrease. Since the rope is fixed by monolithic in the manufacture of the block, the reliability of the fastening is directly dependent on the area of contact of the rope with concrete. If the linear dimensions of the concrete block are reduced, then the area of contact of the reinforcing rope with concrete is reduced, and therefore the reliability of fixing the block on the rope decreases.

A flexible protective concrete mat is known (patent document US 5,108,222 A, 04/28/1992), in which each block is fastened to an adjacent block with at least two strips of reinforcing mesh. Moreover, the contact area of these two strips with the body of the block is larger than the contact area when using only one rope of the corresponding mechanical strength, and therefore the blocks are more securely fixed to the reinforcing mesh. However, when using a mesh (two or more strips or ropes placed at a considerable distance from each other), the universality property of a flexible protective concrete mat disappears, since in the canvas of such a mat there is practically no diagonal flexibility, the principle of which is shown in figure 2. Due to this design feature, the well-known flexible protective concrete mat is suitable for protecting pipelines, but is not very suitable for protecting a coastline, which usually has a difficult terrain. To impart diagonal flexibility in the known construction of the mat, it is necessary to significantly increase the distance between the concrete blocks, as a result of which soil washing out will occur from the resulting cracks, which is extremely undesirable.

It should be noted that the universality property of a flexible protective concrete mat is of great practical importance, since otherwise, the scope of this device will be significantly limited. Based on the necessity of this condition, the flexible mat was selected as the closest analogue (patent document RU 102222 U1, 02.20.2011) containing a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows, connected together by at least one reinforcing rope monolithic in them. Moreover, the known flexible mat is made with the possibility of unobstructed rotation of the blocks relative to each other, which allows us to characterize it as UGZBM. The diagonal flexibility of the well-known UGZBM is provided by the passage of ropes through the central parts of the blocks in plan. Moreover, the angular parts of the blocks are farthest from the reinforcing ropes and are characterized by the greatest mobility relative to the ropes, which makes it possible to use this UGZBM in a variety of situations. A disadvantage of the known UGZBM is the lack of reliability of the fastening of the blocks on the ropes while reducing the size of these blocks.

The task to which the present utility model is directed is to protect pipeline coatings from mechanical damage caused by placing UGZBM pipes on top. The problem is solved by reducing the external dimensions of the blocks UGZBM.

The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the reliability of fixing concrete blocks on reinforcing ropes (cables) while maintaining the versatility of UGZBM, which is equivalent to maintaining the reliability of fixing concrete blocks on ropes while reducing the external dimensions of UGZBM blocks and maintaining the universality of UGZBM.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that UGZBM contains a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows, united among themselves into a flexible canvas with at least one rope monolithic in them. Moreover, at least two blocks are interconnected by 2 ÷ 10 single lay ropes, passing in the body of the blocks directly close to each other mainly in parallel, or by one double or triple lay rope with 2 ÷ 10 strands.

By placing the ropes directly close to each other is meant their arrangement in which the ropes can both touch each other in at least one section and, depending on the relative sizes of the blocks and the thickness of the ropes, be up to 10 mm apart or even at a greater distance.

The utility model is illustrated by the following graphic materials.

Figure 1 - illustration of the increase in the area of contact zone UGZBM with the surface of the pipeline. The upper one is known from the prior art, and the lower one relates to a real utility model.

Figure 2 - UGZBM, a top view showing the property of diagonal flexibility in part of three blocks.

Figa - cross section of a single-strand rope (single lay).

Fig.3B is a cross section of three ropes (single lay).

Figv is a cross section of a seven-row rope (double lay).

Fig. 3G is a cross section of a seven-row rope (triple lay).

Figure 4 - connection blocks UGZBM paired with two ropes.

The connection of a pair of blocks in UGZBM single-strand ropes (figa) with a number from 2 to 10 (for example, three, as shown in fig.3B) or their connection with one double or triple lay ropes with a number of strands from 2 to 10 (for example, seven strands, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3G) allows to increase the contact area of the reinforcing rope (ropes) with the block body, compared to the only single-strand single strand rope traditionally used to connect blocks in UGZBM (FIG. 3A), which can be characterized as smoother than ka Atami double (3B) or triple (Figure 3D) lay. In this case, the number and specific technical characteristics of these ropes are selected from the condition of achieving the necessary mechanical strength of the connection blocks. Examples of implementation and application of UGZBM are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. UGZBM 1 contains a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows 2. Blocks 2 are connected by ropes 3 monolithic in them (in the particular case, representing sections of one long rope) into a flexible web.

The connection of a pair of blocks is shown in more detail in Fig.4.

Ropes 3 'and 3 ”are ordinary single-strand single-strand ropes and extend in the body of blocks 2' and 2” directly in close proximity to each other, generally parallel, although their mutual interweaving is permissible (in this case, a double-strand rope with two strands will be formed, representing ropes 3 'and 3 "). Rope interweaving is undesirable in a number of cases, because at the same time, the thickness of the concrete layer above and below the formed reinforcing rope decreases (almost no gravel gets into these areas when filling the forming equipment with concrete mix), which reduces the fracture strength of the concrete block along the connecting reinforcing rope.

In an alternative embodiment of connecting blocks UGZBM a pair of blocks 2 'and 2 ”is connected by a single rope having several strands. In this case, a general-purpose rope of double or triple lay, for example, steel, can be used. A cross-section of such a rope, with seven strands, is shown in Figs. 3B and 3G, and it can be seen that the double or triple lay rope has a more developed external surface than the single-lay rope of similar strength, which makes double or triple lay ropes more attractive for connections of blocks of a smaller size than single lay ropes, if single lay ropes are not used in combination of several pieces.

Similarly, all UGZBM blocks or only a part of them can be connected, depending on the planned application of UGZBM.

UGZBM proposed design create as follows. Before concreting, several conventional relatively thin single-strand ropes (or one multi-strand rope) are laid in the forming equipment next to, in close proximity to each other, and concrete fractions with crushed stone of the fraction, mainly 5 ÷ 20 mm, are poured.

If the number of single-strand ropes or strands in one rope is more than 10, then the undesirable effect of the effect of non-penetration of the concrete mix into the area between the ropes or strands will be affected, because concrete mix is characterized by the presence in it of discrete particles having relatively large sizes. Due to this effect, the number of single-strand ropes or strands in a multi-strand rope should be limited to 10.

Claims (1)

A universal flexible protective concrete mat containing a set of concrete blocks arranged in rows, joined together in a flexible canvas with at least one rope monolithic in them, characterized in that at least two blocks are interconnected by 2 ÷ 10 single lay ropes passing in the body blocks directly close to each other mainly in parallel, or with one rope of a double or triple lay with 2 ÷ 10 strands.