RU120334U1 - ELECTRIC DERATIZER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electrical deratizer containing high-voltage electrodes connected to a power supply through a high-voltage transformer, a pulse generator and a power supply unit, characterized in that it additionally contains a discharge-storage unit connected to the output of a high-voltage transformer and ozone-generating dischargers, through which to the discharge-storage unit high-voltage electrodes are connected with the formation of series pairs "ozone-generating spark gap - high-voltage electrode", and a resonant high-voltage transformer is used as a high-voltage transformer. ! 2. Electric deratizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made of a thin-walled metal tube. ! 3. Electric deratizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made of a thin-walled metal pipe covered with a layer of insulation. ! 4. Electric deratizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made in the form of a wire. ! 5. Electric deratizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made in the form of a wire covered with a layer of insulation.

Description

The utility model relates to means of combating rodents, mainly rats and mice, namely to deratization devices, and is intended for the comprehensive protection of various objects from rodents, both by actively preventing attempts to penetrate rodents into the object protected by the device, and by combined physical and biological effects on rodents to expel them from their habitats.

The problem of the need for protection against rodents is due to their huge number - more than 10 individuals per inhabitant of a large city, as well as the huge harm that their livelihoods bring to the human environment, expressed in the irreparable damage to light building structures, violation of the integrity of power supply and telecommunication systems, and the deterioration of the epidemiological the conditions of water supply, sewage, ventilation, direct irretrievable damage to goods and food products, as well as in the distribution of rodents are different x infectious diseases dangerous to humans.

To control rodents, especially rats, in production and in everyday life, methods of chemical treatment of the premises, installation of baits with various toxic substances, installation of traps, one-time ozonation of rooms, and the use of ultrasonic scare systems are used, however, these methods do not give a long-term effect. In addition, the impact on the rodent, giving a lethal lesion of an individual, whether it is a poisonous or coagulating bait, or a trap, can have a negative effect, since the affected individual during the decomposition of biomass can cause a violation of the sanitary condition of the room, so the use of repellers is the most effective and environmentally friendly means rodent control.

Numerous rodent repellent devices are known, among which the most common are ultrasonic devices that use the effect of an ultrasonic field to protect objects from the harmful effects of rodents.

A known method of scaring away rodents, including periodic generation of an electrical signal by modulating its frequency in each period, amplifying the signal power and converting it to an ultrasonic field, preventing the adaptation of rodents to the emitted signal (patent RU No. 2170015, IPC A01M 29/02, published on 10.07. 2001).

A known system for scaring away rodents, including a power supply unit and interconnected control panel, modulator, oscillating frequency generator, amplifier and acoustic transducer (patent RU No. 2154941, IPC A01M 29/02, publ. 27.08.2000).

A device for repelling rodents, including a signal generator and a piezoelectric emitter, which are remote and equipped with a horn (patent RU No. 2170508, IPC A01M 29/02, publ. 20.07.2001).

Known methods of repelling rodents with ozone.

A known method of scaring away rodents, including feeding into the protected zone a mixture of air with ozone at a concentration of ozone in the gas mixture of at least 0.015 mg / mz. The deterrent effect is based on the fact that ozone irritates the mucous membranes of the airways of rodents, this habitat is unacceptable for them (patent RU No.2002413, IPC A01M 19/00, publ. 15.11.1993). The disadvantage of this method is that due to the instability of ozone (several minutes), to obtain the effect of the ozone-air mixture must be continuously fed to the entire volume of the room, as a result of which it is impossible for people to be in such rooms according to sanitary standards.

A device for repelling rodents is known, including a housing, a sound generator with an acoustic device, a program unit with a high voltage source, equipped with an ozone distribution flexible corrugated hollow hose made of a dielectric material resistant to ozone, inside of which a high-voltage cable is placed (patent RU No. 2280360, IPC А01М 23/00, published July 27, 2006). The operation of this device is based on the creation of an ozone-air mixture directly in the area of a flexible corrugated hollow hose. This reduces the total amount of ozone needed to protect the room.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of adaptability of ozone production to the rodent at the barrier - in this case, a corrugated hollow hose. In addition, the high-voltage cable is placed inside the hose and the zone of corona discharge forming ozone in the ozone distribution hose does not exert an electropulse effect on the rodent. Weak electromagnetic fields generated during corona discharge are absolutely safe for the rodent and their repelling effect is not confirmed by anything. For more effective exposure to ozone, this device uses its stirring in the zone of the ozone distribution hose with an ultrasonic generator. This is necessary for continuous operation of the device, since it is impossible to provide a corona discharge of the same strength throughout the length of the hose due to the complexity of the design and the loss of electrical power along the length of the hose.

Known electrical disruptors, the principle of which is based on the supply to the barriers installed along the perimeter of the protected objects, electric current.

A device for controlling rodents is known - an electric disinfestator in which rodents are scared away by exposing the rodent to high-voltage pulses of electric current in a single-wire circuit. The separator comprises a housing made in the form of packaging equipment with a platform for rodents, supports made of dielectric material and fixed on it in places of inevitable contact by rodents with high voltage contact electrodes connected to a power supply system, which is equipped with a control unit in the form of a three-electrode timing device, a source of high voltage pulses, made both in the form of a high-voltage transformer, and a pulse generator (patent RU No. 2087098, IPC A01M 29/00, A01M 19/00, publ. 08/20/1997).

A disadvantage of the known device is the use of a complex dielectric casing-pallet, or a specially made dielectric electrified barrier with electrode sections to which high-voltage pulses with a frequency of the main power supply are periodically and regardless of the presence of a rodent in the protected area. Pulse synchronization with the network frequency can lead to malfunctions of devices using similar synchronization, for example, telephone modems, faxes, data transmission networks. In addition, the presence of short, but non-adaptive to the presence of a rodent high-voltage electrical impulses may not provide electrical safety in rooms with increased requirements: basements, unheated storages, sewers, etc. A high-voltage transformer is used as a source of increased voltage in the device, the secondary circuit of which is connected to the electrified barrier, but the impulses on the barrier relative to the common capacitive earth of the room are multipolar, the current flowing from the barrier to the body of the rodent changes to the current flowing from the rodent to the electrified barrier. As a result of this, there is no ionization cord in the atmosphere of the air environment and there is no noticeable amount of ozone molecules in the zone of the electric pulse impact on the body of the rodent, which can serve as an additional repelling factor. The use of a dielectric barrier fixed to the surface in special grooves prevents its installation and protection of objects from rodents in places where a person is physically unable to perform installation work due to their size - in the holes in the walls through which the ventilation pipes pass, in tunnels and pipe ducts heating, in cable wells, etc.

Known electric disruptor with an electrified barrier, containing a barrier that is electrified with high-voltage contact linear electrodes connected by a power supply system to a primary power source, and the power supply system is equipped with additional circuits of series-connected primary windings of a high voltage transformer and a controlled electronic key connected in parallel with a power capacitor (RU patent No. 2165698, IPC A01M 29/00, Н05С 1/04, publ. 04/27/2001).

The disadvantages of the known disinfectant are the same as that of the device according to patent No. 2087098.

A device for repelling rodents is known, comprising a generator that generates repelling signals, equipped with elements for turning it on / off and made in the form of a pulse electric signal generator, an emitter of repulsive signals connected to the generator output, made in the form of an electric single-wire unshielded cable laid along the perimeter of a room protected from rodents , at the same time, the device has a sensor with the function of monitoring the presence of people in the guarded room (patent RU No. 73591, IPC A01M 19/00, opu l. 27.05.2008). A disadvantage of the known device is the increased energy consumption due to the fact that during operation, voltage pulses are constantly applied to the electrodes.

Known electric disruptor containing high voltage contact electrodes connected to a source of high voltage pulses, consisting of a charging circuit, two busbars, a pulse generator and a high voltage transformer, the primary and secondary windings of which are galvanically isolated from each other (patent RU No. 2335126, IPC A01M 19/00 published on 10/10/2008). A disadvantage of the known device is a high degree of electrical hazard for personnel due to the presence of high-voltage electrodes that are constantly under voltage pulses.

Closest to the claimed utility model, adopted as a prototype, is an electric disruptor containing high voltage contact electrodes connected to a power source via a high voltage transformer, a high voltage pulse generator with a power capacitor connected to the power buses and equipped with a duty cycle regulator made in the form of a rectifier a bridge connected to the secondary winding of an isolation transformer, a driver of bursts of control pulses and with a cathode key and a power supply unit, in which an isolation transformer is included, while the high-voltage pulse generator is equipped with a series-connected inductor and a reverse diode connected to the power bus in parallel with the power capacitor (patent RU No. 90642, Н05С 1/04, publ. 10.01.2010).

The disadvantages of the prototype are increased energy consumption, as well as increased electrical hazard for humans, since high-voltage electrodes are made contact and are constantly under high voltage.

The task to which the utility model is directed is to improve the electric disinfestator.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the electric disinfestator, as well as to reduce energy consumption.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the electric disinfector containing high-voltage electrodes connected to the power source via a high-voltage transformer, a pulse generator and a power supply unit further comprises a discharge storage unit connected to the output of the high-voltage transformer, to which high-voltage electrodes are connected through ozone-generating arresters with the formation of series steam "ozone generating spark gap - high voltage electrode", and as a high voltage transformer used resonant high voltage transformer.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an electric disruptor.

The electric disinfector contains a power supply unit 1, a pulse generator 2, equipped with an adjustment of 3 levels of the output pulse and adjustment of 4 pulse repetition periods, a resonant high-voltage transformer 5, to the output of which a discharge-storage unit 6 is connected, to which high-voltage electrodes are connected via ozonating dischargers 7, 8 9, 10 with the formation of successive pairs of "ozone-generating spark gap - high-voltage electrode." Ozone generating arresters 7, 8 can be made with the possibility of changing the distance between the electrodes of the arrester. The power supply 1 contains a power bus 11, 12 with a grounded zero terminal 12 for connecting it to a voltage source of 24 V, 50 Hz and output 13.

The electric radiator operates as follows. From the voltage source to the power supply 1 through the power bus 11, 12 an alternating voltage of 24 V, frequency 50 Hz, is supplied. At the output 13 of the power supply 1, a constant voltage of +12 V is generated and is supplied to a pulse generator 2 and a resonant high-voltage transformer 5.

In the initial state, there is no voltage on the high-voltage electrodes 9, 10, clock pulses of average amplitude 12 V with an average repetition frequency of 400 Hz from the pulse generator 2 through the resonant transformer 5 enter the discharge-storage unit 6, which through its high-voltage cable on one of the electrodes of the ozone-generating spark gap 7 maintains high electric potential. In this case, the duration of the pulses from the resonant transformer 5, arriving at the discharge-storage unit 6, is determined only by the resonance frequency of the transformer 5 and is about 60 μs. The period and excitation level of the transformer 5 can be set from the pulse generator 2 using the adjustments 3 and 4, while changing the period from 200 to 800 Hz leads to a change in the voltage at the output of the discharge-storage unit 6 from 22 to 27 kV or more. When the rodent 14 approaches the high-voltage electrode, for example 9, at a distance of, for example, 20 mm, sufficient for electrical breakdown of the circuit to occur: the output of the discharge storage unit 6 - ozone-generating spark gap 7 - high-voltage electrode 9 - spark discharge - rodent body 14 - ground 15 , a breakdown occurs in the ozone generating spark gap 7 with the formation of a discharge - a plasma conductive cord. An electric shock is applied to the rodent 14 located, for example, on the floor of the room, that is, on the ground 15. In this case, the formation of plasma in the ozone-generating spark gap 7 leads to the synthesis of ozone, the amount of which is sufficient to scare away the rodent and is safe for humans. A second discharge will follow only after the accumulation of charge in the discharge storage unit 6, the frequency of these discharges can be increased or decreased by setting the pulse generator 2. If the rodent approaches the high-voltage electrode 10 at a distance sufficient for breakdown to occur, then the discharge circuit will include another ozone-generating arrester 8, which will also generate a small amount of ozone. A peculiarity of the discharge in a gaseous, oxygen-containing medium is the hysteresis in the operation of the ozone-generating arresters, that is, the creation of the first breakdown due to the formation of a plasma lowers the voltage level on the ozone-generating spark gap 7, in which the next breakdown is possible with a constant size of the spark gap 7, and after the first discharge it follows a series of subsequent discharges in an amount of two or more. This leads to an increase in the ozone output from the ozone generating arresters 7 and 8. The amount of ozone generated during the above process is adjusted if necessary by changing the distance between the electrodes of the ozone generating arresters 7, 8. A possible state of operation of the device and its distinctive useful quality is the intermediate position of the rodent 14 at a high-voltage electrode, for example 10, when the total electric capacitance between the electrode and the ground 15 of the room is insufficient for electric of the discharge into the body of the rodent 14, but sufficient for small electrical discharges in the ozone generating arresters 7 and 8. This leads to the formation of portions of ozone that repel rodents, both rats and mice.

Any linear power source is used as a power unit, any high-voltage resonant transformer is known, for example, a TVS-110 transformer. ПЦ15, any known pulse generator is used as a pulse generator, for example, a charging and storage device is used - storage device type UN9 / 27-13.

It is possible to perform the inventive device without the function of releasing ozone, in which case the arresters have a sealed design, for example, are enclosed in a glass flask filled with an inert gas.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the inventive electric disinfector:

- allows you to reduce energy consumption, since the output part of the device - its "working bodies" are in "standby" mode, there is no constant high voltage on the high-voltage electrode, it appears only in the presence of a rodent at the high-voltage electrode, which provides additional high electrical safety;

- the device has increased efficiency due to the combined deterrent effect: with the help of electric discharges and with the help of portions of ozone, while it does not lead to death.

Claims (5)

1. An electric disinfector containing high-voltage electrodes connected to a power source through a high-voltage transformer, a pulse generator and a power supply, characterized in that it further comprises a discharge storage unit and ozone generating dischargers connected to the output of the high-voltage transformer, through which to the discharge storage unit connected high-voltage electrodes with the formation of successive pairs of "ozone-generating spark gap - high-voltage electrode", and as you high voltage transformer used resonant high voltage transformer. 2. Electric disperatorizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made of a thin-walled metal pipe. 3. The electric disinfector according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made of a thin-walled metal pipe coated with a layer of insulation. 4. The electric heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made in the form of a wire. 5. Electric disperatorizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrodes are made in the form of a wire coated with a layer of insulation.