RU116545U1 - LOW-EARTH SEISMIC RESISTANT BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

 A low-rise earthquake-resistant building containing the building body and its elastic suspension to the foundation, consisting of elastic modules and stiffeners, each elastic module made of two vertical racks, and between the racks fixed to each other pieces of cable, the ends of which are fixed to the rack connected to overlapping the lower floor of the building, and the other ends are fixed to the rack connected to the foundation, the stiffeners are made of two identical segments of cables, the middle of which are interconnected and are attached to the foundation, the ends of the segments are divorced and connected via preliminary axial preload devices to the lower floor overlap, characterized in that the elastic modules and stiffeners are located in the basement, made under the building, the elastic modules are spaced within the basement area at the maximum possible distance from longitudinal and transverse center lines of the basement, and each stiffener contains a second and subsequent pair of cable segments, connected similarly to the first pair and disposed with an air gap beneath the first pair.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in earthquake-prone areas for the construction of buildings, including low-rise buildings and individual cottages.

A known construction of an earthquake-resistant building, comprising a building, a foundation plate suspended from the foundation on the rods, and an elastic suspension of the building to the foundation plate, consisting of elastic blocks made of elastic modules and stiffeners, each elastic module made of two vertical posts, and between the posts are fixed to each other by equidistant segments of cables, the ends of which are fixed to the rack connected to the ceiling of the first floor of the building, and the other ends are fixed to the rack connected to the foundation, correctly The stiffener is made of two identical segments of cables, the midpoints of which are interconnected and attached to the foundation plate, the ends of the cables are laid apart and connected via preliminary axial preload devices to the lower floor overlap (see RF patent No. 2129644, class E04H 9/00, publ. . in BI No. 12, 04/27/99). For optimal operation of the elastic suspension, the stiffeners must be adjusted taking into account the weight of the protected building. As can be seen in figure 1 of the structure under consideration, the correctors are located under the building evenly over the area occupied by the building. Basement is not provided. Mentioned design adopted by the applicant as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the complex process of adjusting multiple stiffness corrections, requiring simultaneous actions on all correctors;

- the overall complexity of the design, which leads to expensive work and the need for additional operating costs;

- cradle suspension significantly complicates the construction of the building;

- the need for an autonomous existence mode is not taken into account with a long absence of assistance in the event of an earthquake;

- insufficient effectiveness of protection against horizontal seismic impacts, which can lead to overturning of the structure.

The objective of the utility model is to propose a building structure for individual construction, which, in addition to the resistance to destruction during an earthquake, also provides resistance to overturning during powerful destructive earthquakes and the possibility of autonomous life activity until help arrives, as well as comparative economy during construction.

To solve this problem, a low-rise earthquake-resistant building containing the building casing and its elastic suspension to the foundation, consisting of elastic modules and stiffeners, each elastic module made of two vertical struts, and between the racks fixed to each other cable segments, the ends of which are fixed to the rack connected to the ceiling of the lower floor of the building, and the other ends are fixed to the rack connected to the foundation, the stiffeners are made of two identical pieces of cables, the middle of which are interconnected and attached to the foundation, the ends of the segments are divorced and connected through preliminary axial preload devices to the lower floor overlap, the elastic modules and rigidity correctors of the aforementioned low-rise earthquake-resistant building are located in the basement, made under the building, the elastic modules are spaced within the basement area to the maximum possible distance from the longitudinal and transverse axial lines of the basement, and each stiffener contains a second and last traveling pairs of segments of cables connected similarly to the first pair and located with an air gap under the first pair.

Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a building with a basement. Figure 2 shows the elastic modules in two projections. Figure 3 shows the stiffness corrector in two projections. Figure 4 shows the location of the elastic modules and stiffeners in the basement.

The inventive utility model includes a building building 1, foundation 2 with a foundation frame 3. Under the building 1 is a basement 4. In the basement 4 are elastic modules consisting of posts 5, rigidly connected to the foundation frame 3, posts 6, rigidly connected to the ceiling 7 of the lower floor, and between the racks 5 and 6, the cable segments are equidistant to each other 8. The elastic modules are spaced from the longitudinal and transverse axial lines of the basement to the maximum possible distance. In the basement 4, there are also stiffeners, consisting of two racks 9, rigidly connected to the ceiling of the lower floor 7, between which there are segments of ropes 10, connected in pairs and in the middle connected to racks 11, rigidly connected to the foundation frame 3. Cable cuts 10 s using the device axial preload (not shown) of their ends given a special form of curvature.

The segments of the cables 10 are located between the uprights 9 in two or more layers separated by an air gap. The length, cross-section, and the preload of the cable segments 10 stiffeners are calculated based on the weight of the building. The placement of the segments of the cables 10 stiffness corrector in two or more layers allows you to free up space in the basement 4 in order to ensure accessibility to the correctors during operation. At the beginning of the operation of the building, the stiffeners must be adjusted so that the midpoints and ends of all segments of the cables 10 of each layer are in the same plane. This is their initial position of unstable equilibrium, compensated by the selection of the rigidity of the bearing cables.

Building protection works as follows. Under seismic action, shock vibrations in the epicenter of the earthquake are transmitted to the foundation 2 and the associated frame 3. In this case, the cable segments 8 of the elastic modules and the cable segments 10 of the stiffness corrector begin to deform elastically, storing the vibration energy, being their filter. Thus, they impede the propagation and transmission of the shock wave to the protected object - building 1 of the building. Longitudinal and transverse shock vibrations are damped due to the anisotropic properties of the elastic moduli and stiffeners, and the structure is protected against tipping over by the fact that the load-bearing elements of the elastic-damping system are spaced far from the center lines (see Fig. 4).

In addition, to ensure a mode of autonomous existence with a long absence of assistance in the event of an earthquake, 4 diesel power stations, fuels and lubricants, foodstuffs and water stored in the basement in advance in the basement will allow the inhabitants of the building to maintain their lives for some time until the rescue forces or normalize the situation .

The advantages of the claimed utility model:

- the safety of the technical characteristics of the protected object for a long time, including during repeated repeated earthquakes;

- ensuring the protection of the building against horizontal seismic impacts, including due to the significantly increased moment of resistance to capsizing;

- the cost-effectiveness of construction achieved by the use of small cross-section cables and the absence of cradle suspension;

- accessibility of attendants to the correctors, ease of maintenance of the suspension system of the building;

- the possibility of placing food supplies and necessary technical equipment in the basement, which will allow residents to hold out for some time;

- the considered system of elastic suspension is effective in case of earthquakes up to 9.5 points.

Claims (1)

A low-rise earthquake-resistant building containing the building body and its elastic suspension to the foundation, consisting of elastic modules and stiffeners, each elastic module made of two vertical racks, and between the racks fixed to each other pieces of cable, the ends of which are fixed to the rack connected to overlapping the lower floor of the building, and the other ends are fixed to the rack connected to the foundation, the stiffness corrector is made of two identical segments of cables, the middle of which are interconnected and are attached to the foundation, the ends of the segments are divorced and connected via preliminary axial preload devices to the lower floor overlap, characterized in that the elastic modules and stiffeners are located in the basement, made under the building, the elastic modules are spaced within the basement area at the maximum possible distance from longitudinal and transverse center lines of the basement, and each stiffener contains a second and subsequent pair of cable segments, connected similarly to the first pair and arranged with the air gap below the first pair.