RU116217U1 - DEVICE FOR LASER INITIATION OF COMBUSTION AND KNOCKING - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation, containing a semiconductor laser emitter with a power supply and built-in optical fiber, an optical socket, an end section of an optical fiber, a sleeve in which detonating and flammable explosives are placed, and a shock absorber that provides axial fixation of the end end of the optical fiber transmitting surface of an explosive, characterized in that for the transmission of laser radiation at a distance of 30 ... 50 m, a piece of optical fiber with a specific power consumption of 10 ... 50 W / cm2 is built into the laser emitter, and for the combustion and detonation of an explosive without using optical systems, the subsequent transmission section the radiation flux is carried out through an optical socket into an end optical fiber with an increased specific power of 100 ... 500 W / cm2, made with a contacting end perpendicular to the surface of the explosive.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of explosive technologies and can be used in mining, construction, geophysics, metal explosive processing, etc.

A device for transmitting laser pulses to optical detonators [1]. The explosion of groups of optical detonators in a given sequence is carried out with a minimum length of optical fibers. A device for transmitting laser pulses to optical detonators includes subversive elements with optical detonators connected through optical fibers to a laser radiation source. It is made in the form of a pulsed solid-state or semiconductor laser. The device is equipped with a quotation gas laser, an optical tube, as well as a switching device consisting of a rectangular prism with a mechanism for its rotation with a given frequency. There are also blocks for monitoring and regulating the rotational speed of a rectangular prism and optical lenses. In this case, the quoted gas laser is optically coupled to a rectangular prism through the active element of the solid-state laser. The input ends of the optical fibers from the optical detonators of subversive elements are placed in the focus of the optical lenses. This embodiment of the device allows you to send pulses from a solid-state laser to certain groups of optical detonators at specified intervals. Due to the presence of an air gap between the rectangular prism and optical lenses, the length of the optical fibers is significantly reduced.

The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of alignment of the optical system, the high cost of its manufacture due to the presence of a large number of elements and their alignment when performing the layout. The cost of an explosive device increases significantly due to the presence of a large number of optical elements in the disposable system.

As a prototype of the proposed model, the device of laser initiation and detonation [2] was chosen, the operation of which is as follows. It includes a laser system power supply, a focusing optical system, and a device for transmitting laser radiation energy to the detonator. Its difference from previously known devices is that it uses a semiconductor laser, the launch of which is carried out through the signal encoding unit. The signal encoding unit protects the device from unauthorized initiation of an explosion. The power supply of the laser system provides a semiconductor laser. The flow of high-power pulsed laser radiation is focused by the optical system and fed to the energy transfer device to the detonator or squib. Through the input section of the optoelectronic system, the radiation enters the optical fiber and reaches the input focusing section. Detonation of a flammable substance with increased sensitivity to laser radiation is initiated by a focused radiation flux in the detonator or pyro cartridge case.

However, this device uses an expensive high-power pulsed semiconductor laser to initiate detonation of explosive radiation. The laser flux passes through a disposable optical system and fiber with a large loss of power. The radiation is focused inside the detonator or the squib with an insignificant accuracy in fixing the focal position relative to the surface of a substance of increased sensitivity to laser radiation.

The technical result is to reduce the energy loss of laser radiation to initiate the combustion and detonation of explosives, reduce the cost of manufacturing an explosive device when using low-power semiconductor lasers and eliminate optical elements, simplifying operation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the scheme of the device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation of explosives has the form shown in Figure 1.

It contains: 1 - a power supply unit of a semiconductor laser, which is launched through a signal encoding unit, 2 - a semiconductor laser with integrated optical fiber 3, which provides transmission of specific power radiation of a small specific value (10 ... 50 W / cm ² ), 4 - a combined optical socket transmitting the radiation flux to a segment of optical fiber 5 with increased specific power (100 ... 500 W / cm ² ), 6 - a sleeve in which detonating 7 and highly flammable 8 substances are placed, 9 - a shock absorber, which ensures the accuracy of wholesale fixation fiber of increased specific power without a gap perpendicular to the surface of a highly flammable substance.

The proposed device for reducing radiation losses when transmitting it over considerable distances (over 30 ... 50 m) has a built-in segment of optical fiber with a negligible power consumption (10 ... 50 W / cm ² ), and for initiating combustion and detonation without using optical systems, a subsequent transmission section radiation flux into an optical fiber with an increased specific power (100 ... 500 W / cm ² ) is made through a combined optical outlet.

The device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation of explosives works as follows. Using a power supply unit 1 containing a signal encoding unit, a low-power semiconductor laser 2 (1 ... 5 W) with built-in optical fiber 3 is switched on. Refillable optical fiber provides transmission of specific power radiation of a small relative specific value (10 ... 50 W / cm ² ) to significant distances (over 30 ... 50 m) with insignificant losses (2 ... 3%). Combined optical socket 4 allows you to transfer the radiation flux into a segment of optical fiber of smaller diameter 5 with a power loss of 3 ... 5%. Transmission of radiation is provided with an increase in the specific power at the exit from the optical fiber to a value of 100 ... 400 W / cm ² . This value is sufficient to initiate the combustion and detonation of a flammable substance 8. Its initiation leads to the explosion of a substance 7 placed in a sleeve 6. The shock absorber 9 provides accurate fixation of the optical fiber 5 with increased specific power without a gap perpendicular to the surface of a highly flammable substance 8. In this case, the cost of the device is reduced due to the lack of the need for focusing elements. When laser initiation of burning and detonation of an explosive is repeated, a fiber section with an increased specific power of 5 and an optical detonator placed in a sleeve 6 must be replaced with low labor intensity. The proposed device using an integrated optical fiber with low power can reduce the loss of used laser radiation power by 40 …fifty%.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. A.N. Bondarenko. A device for transmitting laser pulses to optical detonators [Text] / Bondarenko AN, Shevkun EB, Miroshnikov VI Leonenko N.A. Application for invention No. 35108574, IPC F42B 3/02. 05/25/1995 - 6 s.

2. N.I. Laptev. Device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation of explosives [Text] / Laptev NI, Mordasov VI, Poylov VV, Khayrutdinov MR Description to patent No. 2008147588, IPC F42B 3/02, F42D 1/04. 12/02/08 - 3 s.

Prototype:

N.I. Laptev Device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation of explosives [Text] / Laptev N.I., Mordasov V.I., Poylov V.V., Galimova G.A. Description to patent No. 2008147593, IPC IPC F42B 3/02, F42D 1/04, 12/02/08 - 3 s.

Claims (1)

A device for laser initiation of combustion and detonation, comprising a semiconductor laser emitter with a power supply and built-in optical fiber, an optical outlet, an end segment of an optical fiber, a sleeve containing detonating and flammable explosives, and a shock absorber that provides axial fixation of the end end of the optical fiber transmitting explosive surface, characterized in that for the transmission of laser radiation at a distance of 30 ... 50 m in a laser emitter a piece of optical fiber with a specific power consumption of 10 ... 50 W / cm ^{2 is used} , and for burning and detonation of an explosive without using optical systems, the subsequent section of the radiation flux transmission is carried out through an optical outlet into an end fiber with an increased specific power of 100 ... 500 W / cm ² made in contact with the end face perpendicular to the surface of the explosive.