RU1158007C - Device for converting explosion energy device for chemical substance to magnet energy - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to pulsed devices, in particular to disposable (explosive) devices capable of generating large short-pulse currents in consumers of electromagnetic energy. By its purpose, it can be used in experimental and technical physics of fast processes, in particular, to initiate electric detonators, to study the behavior of the properties of substances in experimental conditions.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the converter by reducing the loss of electromagnetic energy due to a significant decrease (practically to zero) of the final (spurious) inductance at the connections of the compression circuits between themselves and with the energy consumer, while reducing the weight of the compression circuits of the converter while maintaining its overall characteristics.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transducer (series connection of five conductive compression loops); in Fig.2 - section aa in Fig.1; in Fig. 3, the central part of the transducer cross-section, which illustrates the output of the outlet to the consumer (ends of the all-metal bus) near the center of the circular arrangement 1. of the central rotational r: 3CCWBHyx solenoids; Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams of suits of transducers explaining the calculated justification for achieving the object of the invention; (Fig. 4 is a diagram for a known technical solution of a prototype; Fig. 5 is a diagram for a proposed solution).

The energy converter (see Fig. 1) consists of an insulating casing 1, compression circuits made of an all-metal bus, from which single-turn passive solenoids 2 are made, connected in series with each other and with an output 3 to the energy consumer in the places of cuts 4 of passive solenoids, and the corresponding number of single-turn passive solenoids eccentrically located in the cavities of the cylindrical active shells 5 (Fig. 1 shows the connection of five single-turn passive solenoids and five cylindrical active coils locks). The ends of the all-metal bus (i.e., output 3 to the energy consumer) are connected to the circular axis of the single-turn passive solenoids. If necessary, the ends of the all-metal tire can be brought to the periphery of the housing. The active shells 5 are filled with 8B 6. Cords 7 are connected to the ends of the charges of equal length

which originate from the detonator capsule (detonator capsule not shown). The ends of the charges are covered by inert insulating nozzles 8, which prevent the expansion of the explosive products towards the ends of the charge. Opposite each charge 9 formed by the ends of the passive solenoid, a cut 10 of the active shell was made along its generatrix. The ends of the cut active shell

electrically closed with the ends of the gap of the passive solenoid. Permanent magnets 11 with pole tips 12 are adjacent to the ends of the passive solenoids; the external opposite-pole ends of the permanent magnets are closed by a magnetic circuit

13. The converter is placed in an insulating shell 14. The initiation of the explosive in each charge can be performed along the axis 15 of the active shell 5.

The location of the ends of the all-metal bus (i.e., output 3 to the energy consumer) near the center of the circular arrangement of single-turn passive solenoids is shown in Fig.Z.

5 For the proposed converter

the execution of parts of single-turn passive solenoids from the side of their cuts by parts 16 of an all-metal tire is shown in FIG. 1. To ensure the rigidity of the connections of the parts of single-turn passive solenoids from the side of their cuts, an insulator 17 is installed in the center of the circular arrangement of the passive solenoids. Sequential connection of two and

5 more single-turn passive solenoids. Located in a circle in the same plane at a minimum and equal distance from each other, can be made of a monolithic insulating disk (housing) of height h and cross-sectional area S by drilling an appropriate number of holes in it followed by refinement of the central part of the disk. On the inner surface of the processed

5 of the insulating disk is disposed, the all-metal bus is foil (see Fig. 3). To increase the reliability of simultaneous initiation of B-V charges, wiring from one (or two)

A detonator capsule 0 can be connected to explosive charges from both ends of the transducer (see Fig. 2).

To reduce the heating of Foucault currents of the pole pieces, the latter can be made by a set of plates of a material with high magnetic permeability.

The energy Converter operates as follows. The signal from the detonator capsule along the detonation cords 7 simultaneously approaches the ends of the charges, detonator BB 6. Under the action of the formed products B B, the cylindrical active shells (rings) 5 expand, capturing the magnetic flux enclosed between the active rings 5, single-turn passive solenoids 2 and parts 16 of the all-metal bus, displace it into an energy consumer connected to output 3. One of the positions for one active ring at the stage of operation of the converter is shown by dashed line 18 (Fig. 1). At the final stage of operation of the converter, the role of the active ring can be played by the introduced shell 19 (part of the active ring, see Fig. 1), fixed in the insulator 20, which isolates the active ring and the shell from the pole piece 12. Reliability of achieving the objective of the invention The calculation is confirmed by the following, for which Figures 4 and 5 show the main letter designations of the sizes of the elements of the known and proposed converters. To assess the efficiency of the proposed pre-. According to the well-known technical solution, it is necessary, first and foremost, to evaluate the values that determine the efficiency of the devices being compared. Comparison of the final (parasitic) inductance of the converters made by the known technical solution and the proposed solution when the ends of the all-metal bus are located at a radius r from the center of the circular arrangement of single-turn passive solenoids; Final (parasitic) inductance LI of a cascade converter formed by series connection novitkovy passive oslenoids according to the well-known technical solution 2, can be represented as (see figure 4). i-; go - (-) - s.A-b. 7GG a for the proposed converter (see Fig. 5) as L-2 I. . (N + 1) D-L (3 N 4-1) Whether 2N N D-b2 N Dl + N Di where RK is the radius of the disk (case); h is the height of the disk or the height of the all-metal tire; N is the number of cascades; g is the radius of the cylindrical cavity in the central part of the conductive housing in the known transducer; g is the radius of the cylindrical cavity in the central part of the proposed transducer; / 1o magnetic permeability; LH is the thickness of the insulator; Whether the thickness of the all-metal tire; D is the section width of a single-wound passive solenoid; A (S) 81pf 1-b8 pfG ratio, which follows from the consideration of such triangles OOiCi and OVS (see Fig. 4), where R is the internal radius of the single-turn passive solenoid. Let us take the ratio of (1) and (2): + iJ, 3) At D 0.1 cm; RK 5 3 cm; Lee 0.1 cm; N 5 we find that g 0.334 cm; And 0.37 g 0.318 cm. Then the ratio (3) will be 19 Ut tJ Therefore, with the same number of cascades (compression circuits) connected in series, the finite (parasitic) inductance of the proposed converter is approximately 2 times less than that of the converter according to the known technical solution .., Comparison of the final (parasitic) inductance of a known converter and that proposed when the ends of an all-metal bus are located near the center of a circular arrangement of single-turn passive solenoids. For this case, in the proposed converter, the radius of the cylindrical cavity in the central part of the circular arrangement of single-turn passive solenoids takes the minimum value, see Fig. 3), equal to r Tmn -y + Li + D. Then, with the above values of D and, RK. N, Di 0.1 cm from (3) we get that 1 Conclusion: the finite (parasitic) inductance of the proposed converter is three times less than that of the converter according to the known technical solution. Comparison of the initial inductances of the proposed and known converters with the same dimensions. The initial inductance of the converter according to a known technical solution is determined by the relation I m So ,, ... 7Г (Р - Го) LIO N - / io N, where So is the cross-sectional area between the outer radius Go of the active shell and the inner radius R of the passive solenoid ( see figure 4), and the initial inductance of the proposed Converter can be defined as (). (R2 (,, R) where ZD is the cross-sectional area of a single-turn passive solenoid limited by parts 16 of an all-metal tire, angled at a angle of R a 2 arcsin (-,, -) in the direction to the central part of the housing, m rim 19 (cm 1 and 5) Togg, n, and the ratio of inductances, 5D O - r - R) l (R - 1-) with g values of 0.3-0.5 cm; R 2-5 cm; 4-10cM; Go - 1-1.5 cm, included in relation (4), will make a conclusion; the initial (useful) inductance of the converter of the invention is increased in comparison with the known converter with the same dimensions of the converters. Comparison of the scattered energy of the magnetic flux at the finite (spurious) inductance of the known and proposed converters. With the same initial energy of the proposed (W2o) and known (Wio) converters and when they are operated at the same finite inductance (Lix UK U) with the same dimensions, the final current (2 hours) of the proposed converter should be close to the final current (Hk) of the known converter . Therefore, the output energy of the converters can be written in the form I, .i «1,„ + 4 Wi Win + Wlp 2 -iKо -III and LI for the well-known cascade converter with LiK Lin + LI and W2 Wan f L2K - | Lan + Φ L2 for the proposed cascade converter at L2K L2n + L2, where Win, Wan is the finite (useful) electromagnetic energy of the known and proposed converters; Wip, Wap - magnetic flux energy dissipated by the finite (parasitic) inductance of the known and proposed converters; Lin, L2n is the finite (useful) inductance of the known and proposed converters. Then, for the dissipated and useful energy of the converters, we get that Wip and .- Lji Wap U 2 L2 1lp / llJS 2 Lln Lan ak-Lan a, taking into account the data obtained in items 1 and 2 of the theoretical justification, we have W2P 12 Wan Lan LK - LI LK - 3 La,., J., .. 1.15} Conclusion; the dissipated energy at the final (parasitic) inductance in the proposed converter is 3 times less than in the converter according to the known technical solution. Comparison of the efficiency of known and proposed converters. An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of a converter. Indeed, KP, D of the converter can be represented in the form of KPL - NWBB Wn where Wn is the finite (useful) electromagnetic energy of the converter; Wo is the initial energy of the magnetic field of the transducer; WP - magnetic flux energies dissipated by the finite (spurious) inductance of the converter; WBB is the charge energy of B B; N is the number of explosive charges. Then for the known Win conversion (. Wio WiP. 1.1 STG hl / TG) N WiBB Win Win for the proposed converter ™ -TOsO-l; -wS) With Wio W 20 WoiWiBB W2BB and taking into account the data (5) obtained in .4 of an even justification, we find that the relation of the WIP term -pp- from (6) to the term Wln W2P tdr- from (7) is WIP WIP Win W2P 3 о Win 1 W2P W2n W2n Efficiency1 Wi Win Win Efficiency2 W2n Wan W2n -R. 1 ri -B

as

Wo wip

Win. Bl win win

W2n 82, Wo W2P

1 W2n W2n W2P

WIP

1 / o / r

,.

1 Wb

W2p

W2p

1 W2. W2

Conclusion: the efficiency of the proposed converter is greater than the efficiency of the known converter.

The reduction in the weight of the conductive compression circuits in the proposed converter with the same dimensions of the known and proposed converters.

A reduction in the weight of the conductive compression loops in the converter according to the invention is achieved by replacing the conductive body and active shells in the known converter with an insulating body and a conductive all-metal bus.

The weight of the compression circuits in the Converter according to the known technical solution 2 can be written as

PI (Si - Аi М hp, + АШ 1ш hp,

N SA -f Ail 1ш Лц1ш

fi I, .Г p.

Sipsi

Posco / n ku

7.4 dl of copper and ebonite;

Ё 40 AI

2.25 for aluminum and zbonite.

PI Ra

2 -7.5

pH

Conclusion: the replacement of a conductive aluminum casing in the known converter with an all-metal aluminum bus and an insulating ebonite casing, as

proposed in the present solution, reduces the weight of the compression circuits in the proposed Converter by more than 2 times:

replacement of conductive copper casing in

the known converter with an all-metal copper bus and an insulating ebonite casing, as proposed in the present solution, leads to a reduction in the weight of the compression circuits in the converter by more than 7 times. and the weight of the compression circuits in the proposed Converter, as P2 (Si - N SA - Li 1sh) Hp - L ASh 1sh h p. Here, Si is a part of the cross-sectional area of a known transducer occupied by a conductive body and active shells, i.e. metal: p is the density of the material of the conductive body of the known converter (the density of the all-metal bus) (for example, for copper 8.9 g / cm for aluminum, p PAI 2.7 h is the height of the case of the converters (the height of the all-metal bus); RP is the density of the rigid insulating the housing of the proposed converter (for example, for ebonitarian re 1.2 g / cm): 1ш the length of the all-metal bus. Comparing Pi and P2 it follows that hp Р2 (Si -N SA-Auiuj) hpn -t-Auliuhp n N SA -f АШ 1ш . p, ASh 1sh A SiV Si since

For reasons of greater magnetic flux retention, copper compression loops are more often used.

Thus, the results of the calculation justification indicate the achievement of the purpose of the invention, i.e., increase the efficiency by increasing by 1.5 times the initial (useful) inductance while maintaining haFig g

barite and a 3-fold decrease in the loss of electromagnetic energy at the final (parasitic) inductance due to a 3-fold decrease in the final (parasitic) inductance at the interconnected stages and with the output to the consumer, while at the same time reducing the circuit by 2-7 times squeeze

A Fig. 3