RU114951U1 - INSTALLATION OF CLEANING AND DISINFECTING WATER OF POOLS FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF MARINE MAMMALS - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for purification and disinfection of water in swimming pools for keeping marine mammals, including a pool bowl and a hydraulic circulation circuit containing units for draining water from the pool bowl and supplying purified water, a water intake pipeline for cleaning, a coarse pre-filter, a circulation pump, a water supply pipeline to cleaning, ultra-high-speed pressure granular filter, metering pumps for supplying sodium hypochlorite solutions, pH correction reagents and coagulants, ultraviolet radiation disinfection lamps, a pipeline for returning purified water to the pool bowl, a pipeline for draining rinse water into the sewage system, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with both at least two adjustable mixers and systems for automatic dosing of sodium hypochlorite solutions and pH correction reagent, operating on a signal from redox potential and pH sensors.

Description

The utility model relates to installations for the purification and disinfection of sea water or salted fresh water, and can be useful in the use in swimming pool water purification and disinfection systems for keeping and displaying marine mammals in a closed pool in dolphinariums and oceanariums.

Various water treatment plants for enclosed swimming pools for keeping marine mammals are known. A plant with a recirculating physico-chemical scheme for water treatment is widespread (Serpokrylov N.S., Kozhin S.V. Justification of water quality requirements in dolphinariums and pools for marine mammals. - Construction 2011: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. - Rostov n / D: Rost. State building, un-t, 2011 - S.12-15). This scheme is characterized by the oxidation of contaminants introduced by dolphins with disinfectants, their binding by coagulants and purification by filtration on mechanical granular filters. To increase the effectiveness of disinfection, the pH of the water in the pool is maintained within 7.2 ÷ 7.4. This scheme is used in most dolphinariums around the world and allows to achieve satisfactory conditions for keeping marine mammals, which is confirmed by the constant birth rate of cetacean cubs.

However, the recycle physicochemical water treatment scheme has the following disadvantages. To exclude the possibility of infection of animals, water should be bactericidal, for which a constant residual concentration of disinfectant is maintained, which, when using sodium hypochlorite, is 0.3–0.8 mg / l. Such doses adversely affect the gastrointestinal tract of animals, which is normalized by veterinarians. The use of chlorine-containing substances in the pool with the constant introduction of animal waste products leads to the accumulation of chloramines, which adversely affect the health of animals. To reduce the turbidity of the water, coagulants are added to the water of the basin for keeping marine mammals, the concentrations of which also need to be minimized. High efficiency of water disinfection is achieved only with constant correction of water pH, which is not always observed in practice.

These deficiencies can be largely eliminated by applying ultraviolet water treatment plants as an additional disinfection method (SanPiN 2.1.2.1188-03 "Design, construction and operation of residential buildings, public utilities, educational, cultural, recreational, sports facilities. Swimming pools. Hygienic requirements for the design, operation and quality of water. Quality control. "- M.: Min. Health. RF, 2003. - 18 p.).

Installations of ultraviolet water disinfection using sodium hypochlorite solution can reduce the residual concentration of chlorine in the pool bowl to 0.1 ÷ 0.3 mg / l without reducing the effectiveness of water disinfection. In addition, when using ultraviolet installations, it is possible to reduce the residual concentration of bound chlorine, which favorably affects the health of animals. To reduce coagulant consumption, the reagent is introduced in front of granular filters, on which the contact coagulation process takes place. A plant with a recirculating physico-chemical scheme for water purification using a sodium hypochlorite solution as the main disinfectant and an ultraviolet water treatment plant as an additional physical disinfection method are the closest in terms of the totality of existing features to the claimed utility model.

The closest is the installation (Vasiliev V.N.The content of the Black Sea bottlenose dolphin in a closed basin // Aquarium as a means of cognition of the world: Materials of the fifth international scientific and practical conference. Moscow, February 9-10, 2008 - M .: EARAZA, 2008. - C.6-11.), Including the basin of the pool and the hydraulic circulation circuit containing the nodes of water drainage from the basin of the pool and the supply of purified water, a water intake pipe for cleaning, a preliminary filter for rough cleaning (hair trap), a circulation pump, a water supply pipe for cleaning, super speed hydrochloric discharge particulate filter, metering pumps for feeding solutions of sodium hypochlorite and pH adjustment reagents coagulant water disinfection lamps with ultraviolet radiation, the return conduit of purified water in a bowl basin exhaust conduit of the wash water to the drain.

However, this installation has the following disadvantages.

Firstly, the residual concentration of free chlorine is difficult to constantly keep within 0.1 ÷ 0.3 mg / l during periodic monitoring by the operator in manual mode. This leads to periods when the chlorine content in the pool bowl is 0, which is unacceptable, as well as periods of water re-chlorination.

Secondly, the content of free chlorine in water does not give a complete picture of the disinfection process, which is of particular importance when maintaining a disinfectant in minimum concentrations. Free chlorine contains hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion, which have various oxidizing properties. Their concentrations change at different pH of the water. In this regard, there is a need for automatic regulation of the pH of water.

Thirdly, when reagents are introduced into the water treatment system, complete mixing with water is not achieved, which leads to unevenness and an increase in the duration of water treatment, i.e. reduces the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfecting water.

The objective of this utility model is to create a unit for cleaning and disinfecting sea water in a pool for keeping marine mammals, which allows to achieve a reduction in the consumption of reagents, as well as a residual concentration of disinfectants with high disinfecting ability in the pool bowl. At the same time, real oxidizing properties should be used as a controlled parameter of water disinfection, taking into account the totality of reducing agents contained in water. This will significantly improve the living conditions of marine mammals in a closed basin.

The task is achieved in that the installation is additionally equipped with at least two adjustable mixers and automatic dispensing solutions of sodium hypochlorite and a pH correction reagent, working on a signal from the sensors of redox potential and pH.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the installation for cleaning and disinfecting water of swimming pools for keeping marine mammals, including a basin and a hydraulic circulation circuit containing nodes for draining water from a basin and supplying purified water, a water intake pipe for purification, a rough pre-filter (scoop), circulation pump, purification water supply pipe, ultra-high-pressure pressure granular filter, metering pumps for supplying sodium hypochlorite solutions, reagent pH and coagulant correction, a UV disinfection lamp, a purified water return pipe to the pool bowl, a wash water discharge pipe to the sewer, are additionally equipped with at least two adjustable mixers and automatic dispensing systems for sodium hypochlorite solutions and a pH correction reagent that work on a signal from sensors of redox potential and pH.

The technical result of this utility model is the high efficiency of water purification and disinfection at a constant concentration of residual chlorine in the range of 0.1–0.3 mg / L, which is achieved through the use of an automatic dosing system of sodium hypochlorite solution, working on a signal from a redox potential sensor as well as automatic dosing systems for pH correction reagent (pH minus or pH plus). In this case, the determining factor of water quality is not the concentration of free chlorine, but real oxidizing properties, taking into account the influence of the totality of all contaminants (reducing agents), which characterizes the redox potential.

The empirical dependence found in the process of experimental studies on existing dolphinariums has the form:

where Eh - ORP of the pool water for dolphins, B;

pH is a hydrogen indicator;

With _Cl is the concentration of residual free chlorine, mg / L.

Another technical result of the utility model is that the use of adjustable mixers in the installation when the disinfectant and coagulant solution is fed into the pressure pipe in front of the granular filter, and also when the pH correction reagent is introduced before the water is supplied to the pool, has increased the mixing completeness of the substances introduced into the pool bowl and reducing the consumption of coagulant by 20-25%. The introduction of a disinfectant and coagulant can be carried out in one mixing unit, however, increasing the distance between the introduction of the disinfectant and coagulant leads to an increase in the clarification of water, in this case it is necessary to use 3 mixers separately for each reagent.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the basin of the basin 1 with a hydraulic circulation circuit containing a node for discharging water from the basin of the pool in the form of surface intakes (skimmers) 2 and bottom intakes 3, a water intake pipe for cleaning 4, a preliminary rough filter ( hair trap) 5, circulation pump 6, purification water supply pipe 7, high-speed pressure granular filter 8, dosing pumps for supplying sodium hypochlorite solutions 9, correction reagents and pH 10 and coagulant 11, water disinfection lamp with ultraviolet radiation 12, the purified water return pipe to the pool bowl 13, the purified water supply unit made in the form of water supply nozzles 14 evenly spaced around the perimeter of the pool 1 bowl, and a wash water discharge pipe to sewage 15, while the installation is additionally equipped with automatic dosing systems of sodium hypochlorite solution 16 and pH correction reagent 17, working on signals from redox sensors 18 and p 19, as well as at least two adjustable mixer 20 for introducing the reagents, which is beneficial to the health of marine mammals contained.

Installation for cleaning and disinfecting the water of pools for the maintenance of marine mammals works as follows.

From the surface water intake (skimmer) 2 and bottom water intakes 3 through the water intake pipe for treatment 4, water through the preliminary coarse filter (hair trap) 5, in which large impurities are retained, enters the pump suction pipe 6. Water is pumped through the water supply pipe to the pump cleaning 7 into a superfast pressure granular filter 8. At the same time, water quality is constantly monitored using redox sensors 18 and pH 19 installed on the pipeline 7 to reagent input unit 20. The control signal from the sensors goes to the automatic dosing systems of sodium hypochlorite 16 solutions and pH correction reagent 17, in which it is converted into a control signal supplied to dosing pumps to supply sodium hypochlorite 9 solutions and pH 10 reagent correction dosing pumps 9, 10, if necessary, supply reagents to the water circulating in the circuit. To reduce the turbidity of the water with a metering pump 11, a coagulant solution is periodically introduced into the water. Solutions of sodium hypochlorite and coagulant are introduced into the purified water supply line 7 in front of the ultra-high-pressure, granular filter 8 using an adjustable mixer 20. The contact coagulation process takes place in the filter 8, as a result, small suspended and colloidal organic and inorganic contaminants are retained. The water clarified in the filter 8 enters the water disinfection lamps with ultraviolet radiation 12, in which additional water disinfection and destruction of chloramines takes place, after which it returns to the pool 1 through the return pipe of the purified water 13. Before the water is supplied to the pool 1, the pH correction preparation is introduced using an adjustable mixer 20. The purified and disinfected water is supplied through the purified water supply unit and is evenly distributed over the pool volume with water supply nozzles 14. When when the maximum pressure loss in the filter 8 is reached, the filter load is backwashed with purified water taken from the pool bowl 1 and the wash water is discharged through the pipe 15 to the sewer. Adjustable mixers 20 are two ball valves located before and after the point of introduction of the reagent. The first tap (in the direction of water movement) serves for preliminary vortex formation, the second - to increase the completeness of mixing. The distance between the cranes should be minimal. The taps must be closed at 15-45 °, which is determined experimentally, depending on the properties of the introduced reagent and the flow rate of water. The faucets of the mixer 20 are controlled using electrified control mechanisms from the signal of the automatic water quality control station according to the redox potential 16 and pH 17. During the absence of reagent supply, the taps of the mixing unit 20 can be fully opened, due to which the pressure loss in the mixing unit 20 become minimal.

The advantages of the presented utility model are: constantly high quality of water purification and disinfection, which is controlled automatically, which excludes the “human factor”; reduction in the dose of reagents used by increasing the completeness of their mixing with water, reducing pressure losses in the system during periods when there is no need to introduce reagents, the ability to control the mixing process; reduction of the residual concentration of free chlorine in the basin to safe values for the maintenance of marine mammals.

The positive effect of the claimed utility model is confirmed by a decrease in the consumption of reagents used by 15-25% and dosing of solutions of sodium hypochlorite and pH correction reagent (pH minus) with high accuracy for 3 months of observation, while maintaining the residual concentration of free chlorine in the pool bowl within 0.1 ÷ 0.3 mg / l at the current dolphinarium-aquarium in the city of Anapa, Krasnodar Territory. Throughout the entire observation period, the oxidation-reduction potential, pH, and reagent dosing were controlled automatically using automatic dosing systems of sodium hypochlorite and pH solutions.

Options for the installation of water purification and disinfection of pools for the maintenance of marine mammals

Depending on the hydraulic water treatment scheme, the redox sensors 18 and pH 19 can be located on the suction 4 or pressure 7 pipe before or after the circulation pump, as well as on a separate line using an individual water intake and a pump for supplying water for quality control. A prerequisite is the installation of sensors 18 and 19 before the introduction of reagents into the circulation circuit. Water intake for quality control should be carried out directly from the pool bowl at a depth of about 30 cm. Water intake should be avoided only from the surface or from the bottom of the pool bowl, as well as in places where water is supplied from the water treatment plant.

With a water flow rate of more than 2 m / s at the reagent inlet point, the mixing unit can consist of only one ball valve located after the reagent inlet point.

With pipeline diameters of 100 mm or more, ball valves can be replaced with interflange disc valves. It should be borne in mind that the mixing efficiency when using valves is reduced, which requires additional pilot studies at the stage of commissioning.

Claims (1)

Installation for cleaning and disinfecting water of swimming pools for keeping marine mammals, including a basin and a hydraulic circulation circuit containing units for removing water from the basin and supplying purified water, a water intake pipe for purification, a pre-filter for rough cleaning, a circulation pump, a water supply pipeline for cleaning, ultra-high-pressure pressure granular filter, dosing pumps for supplying sodium hypochlorite solutions, pH correction agents and coagulant, ultraviolet disinfection lamp emission radiation, a pipeline for returning purified water to the pool bowl, a pipeline for draining wash water into the sewer, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with at least two adjustable mixers and automatic dosing systems for sodium hypochlorite and a pH correction reagent, operating on a signal from redox sensors potential and pH.