RU114103U1 - PULSE FORMER FOR CAPACITOR-THYRISTOR IGNITION MODULE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A pulse former for a capacitor-thyristor ignition module, comprising a first terminal connected through a resistor to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the anode of the diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the pulse former, the first and second terminals of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer are respectively the first and the second output terminals of the pulse shaper, characterized in that the second and third resistors, the second diode, the capacitor and the electronic switch are introduced, and the first terminal of the pulse shaper is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of which is connected to one of the terminals of the second resistor and one of the terminals of the third resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the control input of the electronic switch and to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of which is connected to one of the capacitor plates, the second plate of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the input of the electronic switch, the output of which is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer. ! 2. A pulse former according to claim 7, characterized in that a zener diode (two-anode zener diode) is connected in parallel to the capacitor, and the anode of the zener diode is connected to the first plate of the capacitor. ! 3. A pulse former according to claim 1, characterized in that a zener diode is introduced, the anode and cathode of which are connected to the cathode of the first diode and the second plate of the capacitor, respectively. ! 4. A pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a third diode is connected in parallel with the second resistor, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode. ! 5. Shaper

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical equipment of automobiles, namely, to ignition systems of internal combustion engines and, in particular, to pulse shapers for a thyristor capacitor-ignition module.

A pulse shaper for a thyristor capacitor-ignition module containing a first terminal connected through a resistor to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the anode of the diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the pulse generator, the first and second terminals of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer are respectively the first and second output pulse shaper clamps. The utility model is characterized in that a second and third resistors, a second diode, a capacitor and an electronic key are introduced, the first clamp of the pulse shaper connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of which is connected to one of the terminals of the second resistor and one of the terminals of the third resistor, the second terminal of which connected to the control input of the electronic switch and to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of which is connected to one of the capacitor plates, the second plate of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the electron input key, the output of which is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer.

In the pulse former, a zener diode (two-anode zener diode) is connected parallel to the capacitor, the zener diode anode being connected to the first capacitor plate.

In addition, as an option, a zener diode is introduced into the pulse shaper, the anode and cathode of which are connected, respectively, to the cathode of the first diode and the second capacitor plate.

In the pulse former, a third diode is connected parallel to the second resistor, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode.

In the pulse shaper, the electronic key contains a trinistor, and the control input of the key is connected to the control electrode of the trinistor and through a resistor to the cathode of the trinistor and the output of the key, the input of which is connected to the anistor of the trinistor.

It is possible that the first clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the positive terminal + E of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system, and the second clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the first terminal of the mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control system of the internal combustion engine), the second terminal of which is connected to the negative clamp -E energy source of the vehicle electrical system.

Alternatively, the first clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the first clamp of a mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (microprocessor control system for ignition of the internal combustion engine), the second clamp of which is connected to the positive terminal + E of the vehicle power source and the second clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to negative clip -E energy source of the vehicle electrical system.

Utility Model Description

The invention relates to ignition systems of internal combustion engines and, in particular, to pulse shapers for controlling thyristors (trinistors or triacs) of a thyristor capacitor-ignition module.

The main disadvantage of capacitor ignition systems is their low noise immunity due to impulse noise, always available in the vehicle’s electrical system. The sources of this interference can be inductive and switching elements, electric motors, vibration devices, as well as a voltage regulator and generator. The interference amplitude, which can exceed 100 V, depends on the state of these devices, as well as on the state of the battery, wiring, and contact connections. The duration of the interference usually does not exceed a fraction of a millisecond. Impulse noise affects the devices of electronic ignition systems and can cause disturbances in their normal operation (malfunctions), for example, untimely switching of triggers, thyristors, etc., as well as element failure.

A pulse shaper for a thyristor capacitor-ignition module is known, comprising a first clamp connected through a resistor to a second clamp and to one of the capacitor leads, a second output of which is connected to a first output clamp of a pulse shaper and through a second resistor to a second output clamp of a pulse shaper (Voltage stabilization of the converter Radio No. 10, p. 30).

A pulse shaper similar to the principle of operation for a thyristor capacitor-ignition module is also known, comprising a first terminal connected through a resistor to a second terminal and to one of the terminals of the capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse former and connected to the first terminal through a second resistor which is the second output terminal of the pulse shaper (Electronic ignition unit Spark-5M).

However, these pulse shapers do not have galvanic isolation of the input and output terminals, and the amplitude and duration of the output control signals depend on the magnitude and change of the voltage value of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system, which significantly limits their use in the synthesis of optimal circuitry solutions for capacitor-thyristor ignition modules.

Closest to the utility model is a pulse shaper for a thyristor capacitor ignition module, in which galvanic coupling of input and output terminals is excluded, containing a first terminal connected through a resistor to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the anode of the diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the second terminal of the pulse shaper, the first and second conclusions of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer are, respectively GOVERNMENTAL, first and second output terminals pulse shaper (Thyristor electronic ignition system. AU 1772403 F02P 3/06, of 10.30.92. Bull. №40.).

A pulse shaper for the capacitor-thyristor ignition module, similar in principle to the operation and circuitry, is described in (A.Kh. Sinelnikov. Electronics in a Car. Moscow Radio and Telecommunications 1986, Fig. 21).

In these pulse shapers for the thyristor capacitor ignition module, as in the first ones, the formation of false pulses during the bounce of the contacts of the mechanical sensor (chopper) is not excluded, and there is also a dependence of the current parameters of the triggering pulses on the voltage value of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system, the magnitude and duration of the leak current through the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the rate of change of the magnetic flux when the mechanical sensor (interrupter) or electric ctron sensor.

These shortcomings can be eliminated by a pulse former for a thyristor capacitor ignition module containing a first terminal connected through a resistor to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the pulse transformer and the anode of the diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the pulse generator, the first and second terminals of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer are respectively first and second output terminals of the pulse shaper. The utility model is characterized in that a second and third resistors, a second diode, a capacitor and an electronic key are introduced, the first clamp of the pulse shaper connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of which is connected to one of the terminals of the second resistor and one of the terminals of the third resistor, the second terminal of which connected to the control input of the electronic switch and to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of which is connected to one of the capacitor plates, the second plate of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the electron input key, the output of which is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer.

In the pulse former, a zener diode (two-anode zener diode) is connected parallel to the capacitor, the zener diode anode being connected to the first capacitor plate.

Alternatively, a zener diode is inserted into the pulse shaper, the anode and cathode of which are connected, respectively, to the cathode of the first diode and the second capacitor plate.

In addition, in the pulse shaper, a third diode is connected parallel to the second resistor, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode.

In the pulse shaper, the electronic key contains a trinistor, and the control input of the key is connected to the control electrode of the trinistor and through the resistor to the cathode of the trinistor and the output of the key, the input of which is connected to the anistor of the trinistor.

It is possible that the first clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the positive terminal + E of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system, and the second clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the first terminal of the mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control system of the internal combustion engine), the second terminal of which is connected to the negative clamp - E energy source of the vehicle electrical system.

Alternatively, the first clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the first clamp of a mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (microprocessor control system for ignition of the internal combustion engine), the second clamp of which is connected to the positive terminal + E of the vehicle power source and the second clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to negative clip - E energy source of the vehicle electrical system.

The introduction of a zener diode connected, for example, parallel to the capacitor, makes it possible to stabilize the value of the capacitor charge and, accordingly, the energy that is transformed into the secondary winding of a pulse transformer.

The introduction of a third diode connected in parallel with the second resistor allows you to provide the necessary and sufficient current to control the electronic (trinistor) key determined by the resistance value of the third resistor without violating the optimal charge time of the capacitor (determined by the power supply voltage of the vehicle electrical system, the capacitance value and the resistance value of the second resistor ), which eliminates false triggering upon closing and opening (bounce) of the contacts of a mechanical sensor (pr chopper).

Using a trinistor as an electronic key allows you to generate a single pulse with optimal current parameters in amplitude and duration, regardless of the current parameters of the electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control system) or contact bounce when the mechanical sensor (interrupter) is opened.

The proposed options for connecting a pulse shaper to the terminals of the vehicle’s onboard power source and to a mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control engine) allow you to choose the most optimal option in each case.

Figure 1-figure 5 shows the pulse shapers for a thyristor capacitor ignition module containing a first clamp 1 connected through a resistor 3 to one of the terminals of the primary winding 11 of the pulse transformer 10 and the anode of the diode 4, the cathode of which is connected to the second clamp 2 of the pulse shaper . Moreover, the first clamp 1 of the pulse shaper is also connected to the anode of the second diode 5, the cathode of which is connected to one of the terminals of the second resistor 7 and one of the terminals of the third resistor 6, the second terminal of which is connected to the control input 9-2 of the electronic key 9 and to the cathode of the first diode 4, the anode of which is connected to one of the plates of the capacitor 8, the second plate of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor 7 and the input 9-1 of the electronic key 9, the output 9-3 of which is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding 11 of the pulse tra informator 10. The first 13 and second 14 conclusions of the secondary winding 12 of the pulse transformer 10 are, respectively, the first and second output terminals of the pulse shaper.

Figure 2 shows that a zener diode is connected parallel to the capacitor 8 (Fig. 3 is a two-anode zener diode) 15, and the anode of the zener diode 15 is connected to the first plate of the capacitor 8.

Figure 4 shows a variant when a zener diode 15 is introduced, the anode and cathode of which are connected, respectively, to the cathode of the first diode 4 and the second lining of the capacitor 8.

Figure 3 and figure 4 shows that parallel to the second resistor 7 can be connected to the third diode 16, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode 5.

Figure 3 shows a variant when the first clamp 1 of the pulse shaper is connected to the positive terminal + E of the power source of the vehicle electrical system, and the second clamp 2 of the pulse shaper is connected to the first clamp of the mechanical sensor (chopper) 17 or electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control engine ) 17, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal -E of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system. The input of the synchronization of the sensor 17 with the rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft is shown by the arrow

Figure 4 shows the option when the first terminal 1 of the pulse shaper is connected to the first terminal of a mechanical sensor (chopper) 17 or an electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control system of the internal combustion engine) 17, the second terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal + E of the vehicle’s vehicle power source, and the second terminal 2 of the pulse shaper is connected to the negative terminal -E of the vehicle electrical energy source (common bus). The input of the synchronization of the sensor 17 with the rotation of the crankshaft or camshaft is shown by an arrow.

5, the electronic key 9 contains a trinistor 9-5, and the control input 9-2 of the key 9 is connected to the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5 and through the resistor 9-4 with the cathode of the trinistor 9-5 and the output 9-3 of the key 9, the input 9-1 which is connected to the anode of the trinistor 9-5.

Figure 6-figure 9 shows the timing diagrams of the pulse shaper with the mechanical sensor (chopper) shown in figure 3.

Figure 6 shows a timing diagram of the voltage across the terminals of a mechanical sensor (chopper).

Figure 7 shows the time diagram of the voltage drop across the diode 4 connected through the primary winding 11 of the pulse transformer 10 to the output 9-3 and the control input 9-2 of the electronic key 9 and, respectively, to the cathode and control electrode of the trinistor 9-5 (Fig. .5).

On Fig shows a timing diagram of the voltage across the capacitor 8 relative to the anode of the diode 4.

Figure 9 shows the timing diagram of the voltage at terminal 14 relative to terminal 13 of the secondary winding 12 of the pulse transformer 10.

We consider the work on the example of the pulse shaper shown in figure 3.

Initial state: the contacts of the mechanical sensor (chopper) are closed and current flows from the onboard power source + E, terminal 1, resistor 3, diode 4, terminal 2, mechanical sensor (chopper) 17, the common terminal of the vehicle’s onboard power source is E (common bus). And also, the following circuit flows current from the energy source of the on-board network + E, terminal 1, diode 5, resistor 6, terminal 2, a mechanical sensor (chopper) 17, the common terminal of the vehicle’s vehicle energy source -E (common bus). These currents through resistor 3, diode 4 and diode 5, resistor 6 form mainly the necessary and sufficient current through the contacts of the mechanical sensor (chopper) 17, which eliminates the formation of an oxide film on the contacts of the chopper. In addition, the current flows from the onboard power supply source + E, terminal 1, diode 5, resistor 7, zener diode 15, diode 4, terminal 2, mechanical sensor (chopper) 17, the common terminal of the vehicle’s onboard power supply E (common bus). The capacitor 8 is charged to a voltage of magnitude equal to the stabilization voltage of the zener diode 15.

At time t0, t2, t4 (Fig.6-Fig.9). The contacts of the mechanical sensor (chopper) are opened and the voltage of the capacitor 8 is applied to the diode 4 in reverse polarity and the diode 4 is closed, and this voltage is applied in the forward direction to the control electrode 9-2 of the electronic switch 9 and it opens. The voltage from the capacitor 8 is applied to the cathode of the diode 4 relative to its anode along the circuit: the upper lining of the capacitor 8 is the resistor 7 or diode 16, if present, the resistor 6, the cathode of the diode 4. To the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5, the current flows through the circuit:

the top plate of the capacitor 8 resistor 7 or diode 16, if present, the resistor 6, the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5, the cathode of the trinistor 9-5, the primary winding 11 of the pulse transformer 10, the bottom plate of the capacitor 8. The voltage amplitude of the positive pulse on the cathode of diode 4 and on the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5 is determined by the operating voltage of the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5. The voltage of a charged capacitor 8 is applied to the primary winding 11 of the pulse transformer 10 (Fig. 8). The capacitor 8 is almost instantly (100-200 μs.) Discharged to the primary winding 11 of the pulse transformer 10 and a trigger pulse is generated on its secondary winding 12 (Fig. 9) with a duration of at least 50 μs. The amplitude value of the voltage and current of the triggering pulse for the thyristor condenser ignition module depends on the capacitance of the capacitor 8, the voltage of the vehicle’s on-board power source or the stabilization voltage of the zener diode 15 (if any), the transformation coefficient of the pulse transformer 10 and the load resistance (the trigger circuit of the electronic key is capacitor thyristor ignition module). The bounce of the mechanical sensor (chopper) 17 when the contacts open does not affect the shape, amplitude and duration of the triggering pulse, because the first pulse, when the breaker contacts open, triggers the trinistor 9-5 and then, regardless of the state of the contacts (bounce) of the chopper 17, the thyristor 9-5 remains open for the entire duration of the discharge and overcharge of the capacitor 8, due to the residual energy of the pulse transformer 10. If even The contact breaker continues to bounce after discharging the capacitor 8 and turning off the trinistor 9-5, then the restart of the trinistor 9-5 will not happen, because the capacitor 8 is discharged and remains discharged until the moment of contact closure (time t1 or t3). When the breaker contacts are closed (time tl, t3), a phased charge of the capacitor 8 (Fig. 8) is formed, due to bounce, to a predetermined voltage value (voltage of the energy source minus the voltage drop across diodes 4 and 5 (Fig. 1) or up to the stabilization voltage of the zener diode 15 (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) (in Fig. 4 minus the stabilization voltage of the Zener diode, the voltage drop across the diode 4) and is carried out for at least 2 ms at the maximum voltage value of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system (13.8 -14.4 V). The pulse shaper is not real iruet to contact bounce on closing, because the capacitor voltage during the entire duration of the debounce insufficient to trigger SCR (Figure 7, Figure 8).

When pulsed interference occurs in the vehicle’s on-board network with closed contacts of the chopper 17, the electronic key 9 does not start, because a negative (closing) voltage is applied to the control electrode of the trinistor 9-5 in magnitude equal to the voltage drop across the diode 4.

If pulsed interference occurs in the vehicle’s on-board network with open contacts of the interrupter 17, the electronic key 9 does not start, because capacitor 8 is discharged.

In the claimed invention, the following technical results are achieved: galvanic isolation of the primary and secondary control circuits; insensitivity to impulse noise arising in the vehicle's on-board power supply network; independence from current parameters of the electronic sensor (microprocessor ignition control system of the internal combustion engine) or the bounce of contacts of the mechanical sensor (chopper); a trigger pulse optimized in magnitude of the amplitude and duration of the voltage or current is formed to control the thyristors (trinistors or triacs) of the thyristor capacitor-ignition module.

Claims (7)

1. A pulse shaper for a thyristor capacitor-ignition module, comprising a first terminal connected through a resistor to one of the terminals of the primary winding of the pulse transformer and an anode of the diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second terminal of the pulse generator, the first and second terminals of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer are respectively the first and second output terminals of the pulse shaper, characterized in that the second and third resistors, a second diode, a capacitor and an electronic switch are introduced, the first clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of which is connected to one of the terminals of the second resistor and one of the terminals of the third resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the control input of the electronic key and to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of which is connected to one of the capacitor plates, the second lining of which is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor and the input of the electronic key, the output of which is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding of the pulse transformer. 2. The pulse shaper according to claim 7, characterized in that a zener diode (two-anode zener diode) is connected in parallel to the capacitor, the zener diode anode being connected to the first capacitor plate. 3. The pulse former according to claim 1, characterized in that a zener diode is introduced, the anode and cathode of which are connected to the cathode of the first diode and the second capacitor plate, respectively. 4. The pulse shaper according to claim 1, characterized in that a third diode is connected in parallel with the second resistor, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode. 5. The pulse shaper according to claim 7, characterized in that the electronic key contains a trinistor, and the control input of the key is connected to the control electrode of the trinistor and through a resistor to the cathode of the trinistor and the output of the key, the input of which is connected to the anistor of the trinistor. 6. The pulse shaper according to claim 7, characterized in that the first clamp is connected to a positive terminal of the vehicle’s on-board power source, and the second pulse shaper clamp is connected to the clamp of a mechanical sensor (chopper) or electronic sensor (ICE ignition control system), the second the clip of which is connected to the negative terminal -E of the vehicle electrical system power source. 7. The pulse generator according to claims 7, 8 and 9, characterized in that the first terminal is connected to the terminal of a mechanical sensor (interrupter) or electronic sensor (microprocessor control system for ignition of the internal combustion engine), the second terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the vehicle electrical energy source and the second clamp of the pulse shaper is connected to the negative clamp of the energy source of the vehicle electrical system.