RU113407U1 - REACTOR HOUSING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The reactor vessel, which includes an upper flange, a shell with nozzles, a core shell and a convex bottom, characterized in that the shell with nozzles is equipped with additional nozzles located at the same level under the upper flange, and is made with three annular welds, the first of which located between the upper flange and the shell with nozzles, the second - between the shell with nozzles and the core shell, and the third - between the core shell and the bottom. ! 2. The casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is additionally provided with a support ring made in the lower part of the shell with branch pipes or in the upper part of the shell of the core. ! 3. The body according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex bottom in the upper part is additionally provided with a cylindrical ring. ! 4. The body according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper flange, the shell with branch pipes, the shell of the core and the bottom are made in one piece without welded seams.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of nuclear reactors, the shells of which are made of metal, and can find application in the manufacture of the shell of a water-to-water power reactor (WWER).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is the nuclear reactor vessel, including the upper flange connected by ring welds for connection with the reactor cover, a shell, in the openings of which pipes are installed and welded for connection with external pipelines, a core of the core (hollow cylindrical part on reactor core) and convex bottom. The core of the active zone consists of two cylindrical elements connected by an annular weld in the zone of the greatest exposure to the reactor. The convex bottom consists of a cylindrical part in the form of a ring equipped with a ring stop from below with a cone connected by a ring weld with a spherical element of the bottom.

(US4892702, G21C 13/00, G21C 13/087, publ. 09.01.1990)

A disadvantage of the design solution of the known nuclear reactor vessel is the large number of ring welds (5 seams around the perimeter of the vessel + pipe welds), including one seam in the zone of the greatest exposure to neutron irradiation, which makes manufacturing time-consuming and significantly reduces the reliability of structures. In addition, the shell nozzles through which, in particular, the coolant is supplied and discharged, are located at the same level, which limits the reactor power and also reduces the reliability of the reactor in the nozzle zone during emergency operation with thermal shock (emergency cooling).

The objective and technical result of the utility model is to reduce the neutron load on the welds and increase the reliability of the reactor in the pipe zone, as well as providing the possibility of increasing the reactor power, reducing the cost of manufacturing the shell, reducing the metal consumption of the shell.

The technical result is achieved in that the reactor vessel includes an upper flange, a shell with nozzles, a core of a core and a convex bottom, and a shell with nozzles is provided with additional nozzles located at the same level under the upper flange, and the vessel is made with three ring welds, the first of which is located between the upper flange and the shell with nozzles, the second is between the shell with nozzles and the core of the core and the third is between the core of the core and the bottom.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the housing is additionally equipped with a support ring made in the lower part of the shell with nozzles or in the upper part of the shell of the active zone; the convex bottom in the upper part is additionally equipped with a cylindrical ring, and the upper flange, the shell with nozzles, the shell of the core and the bottom are made integral without welds.

The utility model can be illustrated in Figure 1, where:

1-shell with nozzles;

2 - pipes of shells;

3 - additional pipe shell;

4 - upper flange for connection with the reactor lid;

5 - shell of the reactor core;

6 - convex bottom;

7 - the first annular weld;

8 - second annular weld;

9 - the third annular weld;

10 - a cylindrical ring of the bottom;

11 - reactor core;

12 - a basic ring.

According to a utility model, the main parts of the reactor vessel are made of 15Kh2MNFA type chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel. The casing (1) with nozzles (2) is made forged without welds from an ingot by forging, rolling into a cylinder with subsequent flanging of the nozzles. The upper flange (4) is made integral by forging and rolling without welds from an ingot. A cylindrical shell (5) of the core (11) is made of an entire ingot weighing 200-350 tons by extruding the center of the ingot, followed by rolling, and a convex bottom (6) with a cylindrical ring (12) by forging the whole of the ingot and forging. The casing (1) with nozzles is performed with a support ring (12) made in its lower part for positioning the reactor vessel. The support ring (12) can be made in the upper part of the shell (5) of the active zone (not shown).

To connect the reactor vessel with a cover (not shown), the flange (4) is provided with threaded holes for installing fasteners in the form of studs. After manufacturing, the main parts of the reactor vessel are sequentially welded with ring welds, the first seam (7) located between the upper flange (4) and the shell (1) with nozzles (2,3), the second seam between the shell (1) with nozzles and shell (5) the core (11) and the third - between the shell (5) of the core and the bottom (6), including in the region of its cylindrical part (10).

According to a utility model, the resulting reactor vessel does not have a weld in the core region (11), which eliminates the neutron load on the weld and the probability of its embrittlement. The decrease in the number of welds in the area of the nozzles increases the reliability of the reactor during emergency conditions. The shell (1) with an increased number of nozzles (2,3), placed at different levels, expands the technological and operational capabilities of the reactor. The manufacture of the main parts of the reactor vessel integral without welds allows to reduce the metal consumption of the vessel and reduce the cost of its manufacture.

Claims (4)

1. The reactor vessel, including the upper flange, a shell with nozzles, a core of the active zone and a convex bottom, characterized in that the shell with nozzles is equipped with additional nozzles located at the same level under the upper flange, and is made with three annular welds, the first of which located between the upper flange and the shell with nozzles, the second between the shell with nozzles and the core of the core and the third between the core of the core and the bottom. 2. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is additionally equipped with a support ring made in the lower part of the shell with nozzles or in the upper part of the shell of the active zone. 3. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex bottom in the upper part is further provided with a cylindrical ring. 4. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper flange, the shell with nozzles, the shell of the active zone and the bottom are made integral without welds.