RU113056U1 - REACTOR HOUSING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The reactor vessel, which includes an upper shell with a flange and nozzles, a core shell and a convex bottom, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a shell with nozzles located under the upper shell with flange and nozzles, as well as a support shell placed under an additional shell with nozzles , and is made with four circumferential welds, the first of which is located between the upper shell with a flange and nozzles and an additional shell with nozzles, the second - between the additional shell and the support shell, the third - between the support shell and the core shell and the fourth - between the active shell zone and bottom. ! 2. The body according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex bottom in the upper part is additionally provided with a cylindrical ring. ! 3. The casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper shell with flange and nozzles, additional shell with nozzles, support shell, core shell and bottom are made in one piece without welded seams.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of nuclear reactors, the shells of which are made of metal, and can find application in the manufacture of the shell of a water-to-water power reactor (WWER).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is the nuclear reactor vessel, including the upper flange connected by ring welds for connection with the reactor cover, the upper shell, in the openings of which the pipes for connection with external pipelines are installed and welded, the core of the core (hollow cylindrical part at the core level of the reactor) and a convex bottom. The core of the active zone consists of two cylindrical elements connected by an annular weld in the zone of the greatest exposure to the reactor. The convex bottom consists of a cylindrical part in the form of a ring equipped with a ring stop from below with a cone connected by a ring weld with a spherical element of the bottom.

(US 4892702, G21C 13/00, G21C 13/087, publ. 09/01/1990)

A disadvantage of the design solution of the known nuclear reactor vessel is the large number of ring welds (5 seams around the perimeter of the vessel + welds of the nozzles), including one seam in the zone of the greatest exposure to neutron irradiation, which makes manufacturing time-consuming and significantly reduces the reliability of the structure. In addition, the well-known nuclear reactor shell, made with one shell with nozzles through which, in particular, the input and output of the coolant limits the reactor power, and also has reduced reliability in the nozzle zone during emergency operation with thermal shock (emergency cooling).

The objective and technical result of the utility model is to reduce the neutron load on the welds and increase the reliability of the reactor in the pipe zone, as well as providing the possibility of increasing the reactor power, reducing the cost of manufacturing the shell, reducing the metal consumption of the shell.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the reactor vessel includes an upper shell with a flange and nozzles, a core of the active zone and a convex bottom, and is additionally equipped with a shell with nozzles located under the upper shell with a flange and nozzles, as well as a supporting shell located under an additional shell with nozzles , and is made with four annular welds, the first of which is located between the upper shell with a flange and nozzles and an additional shell with nozzles, the second between the additional echaykoy and support shell, the third - between the bearing shell and the core shroud and the fourth - the shell between the core and the bottom.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the convex bottom in the upper part is further provided with a cylindrical ring; the upper shell with a flange and nozzles, the additional shell with nozzles, the supporting shell, the core of the core and the bottom are made integral without welds.

The utility model can be illustrated in Figure 1, where:

1 - additional shell with nozzles;

2 - pipes of shells;

3 - upper shell with flange and nozzles;

4 - upper flange for connection with the reactor lid;

5 - shell of the reactor core;

6 - convex bottom;

7 - the first annular weld;

8 - second annular weld;

9 - the third annular weld;

10 - the fourth annular weld;

11 - reference shell;

12 - a cylindrical ring of the bottom;

13 - reactor core.

According to a utility model, the main parts of the reactor vessel are made of 15Kh2MNFA type chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel. An additional shell (1) with nozzles (2), an upper shell (3) with a flange (4) and nozzles (2), are made integral without welds from an ingot forged, rolled into a cylinder with subsequent flanging of the nozzles. The support shell (11), intended for positioning the reactor vessel, is also made of ingot forging and rolling. A cylindrical shell (5) of the core (13) is made of an entire ingot weighing 200-350 tons by extrusion of the center of the ingot, followed by rolling, and a convex bottom (6) with a cylindrical ring (12) by forging of the ingot and forging.

To connect the reactor vessel with a cover (not shown), the flange (4) is provided with threaded holes for installing fasteners in the form of studs. After manufacturing, the main parts of the reactor vessel are sequentially welded with ring welds, with the first seam (7) located between the upper shell (3) with the flange (4) and nozzles (2) and the additional shell (1) with nozzles (2), the second (8 ) the seam is between the additional shell (1) and the support shell (11), the third (9) seam is between the support shell (11) and the shell (5) of the active zone (13) and the fourth (10) seam is between the shell (5) core and bottom (6),), including in the area of its cylindrical part (12).

According to a utility model, the resulting reactor vessel does not have a weld in the core region (13), which eliminates the neutron load on the weld and the probability of its embrittlement. The decrease in the number of welds in the area of the nozzles increases the reliability of the reactor during emergency conditions. An additional shell (1) with nozzles (2), as well as an additional supporting shell (11), expand the technological and operational capabilities of the reactor. The manufacture of the main parts of the reactor vessel integral without welds allows to reduce the metal consumption of the vessel and reduce the cost of its manufacture.

Claims (3)

1. The reactor vessel, including the upper shell with a flange and nozzles, a core of the active zone and a convex bottom, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a shell with nozzles located under the upper shell with a flange and nozzles, as well as a supporting shell located under the additional shell with nozzles , and is made with four annular welds, the first of which is located between the upper shell with the flange and nozzles and the additional shell with nozzles, the second - between the additional shell and the supporting shell Coy, the third - between the bearing shell and the core shroud and the fourth - the shell between the core and the bottom. 2. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex bottom in the upper part is further provided with a cylindrical ring. 3. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper shell with a flange and nozzles, an additional shell with nozzles, a support shell, a core of the core and the bottom are made integral without welds.