RU113388U1 - SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED ACCOUNTING OF PASSENGER FLOW ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A system for automated accounting of passenger traffic in public transport, consisting of optical sensors for passenger detection, door position sensors, a navigation module, a communication module and a microprocessor information processing unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of optical sensors for passenger detection, door position sensors and the output of the navigation module, and the output is connected to the input of the communication module, characterized in that it additionally contains power sensors for detecting a passenger, configured to be placed on the steps of the vehicle and connected by outputs to the inputs of the microprocessor information processing unit. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor operating on the basis of a piezoelectric effect is used as the force sensor for detecting a passenger.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of information-measuring systems, in particular, to means of accounting and analysis of passenger traffic in public transport.

A device is known for recording the number of passengers carried in a vehicle according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 51257, G06M 3/08, approx. 01/27/2006 - [1], containing the sensors for the passage of passengers, a polling unit, a unit for counting the number of passengers and an information display unit. The sensors consist of two conductive plates, insulated from each other by a dielectric, and are installed on the steps of each entrance door for passengers. The pressure on the sensor during the passage of the passenger leads to a change in capacitance, which is recorded by the microcontroller of the device.

The disadvantages of this device are: low accuracy of counting, especially for a wide doorway, due to the possibility of being at the step of several people and the simultaneous passage of several passengers; the sensitivity of the sensor depends on the temperature; lack of functionality, since information about the number of past events correlates with equal time intervals (hour, shift, week), that is, there is no definition of the time characteristics of the route and their storage in memory as such. Also, the system does not provide the determination of real time and vehicle location coordinates.

The invention “The system of accounting and analysis of the flow of passengers and visitors” is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2304809, IPC G07C 9/00, approx. 08/20/2007 in bull. No. 23 - [2]. The system contains a counter-recorder, infrared sensors installed one above each metering point and connected via a cable system to a counter-recorder, a power supply and a data center, the counter-recorder containing a microprocessor, input channels for receiving information from sensors, the first an archive intended for recording information from sensors, a second archive intended for recording emergency situations, a real-time clock connected to a microprocessor designed for control the recording of incoming information, and the infrared sensor contains a microprocessor, nodes for measuring light and ambient temperature, a first infrared generator, a second infrared generator, an infrared signal receiver and a cable information transmitter, all of the above nodes are connected to a microprocessor designed to adjust the beam length of the infrared generators and an infrared sensor is connected to the door opening and closing relay, while the information processing center is configured to view processing and analysis of the contents of archives.

The disadvantages of the known system are:

- low accuracy of calculation, since a passing passenger is detected using sensors of the same type, which is insufficient with a dense flow of passengers and a wide doorway;

- low functionality, since the system is not designed to determine the coordinates of the vehicle and correlate data on the number of past with a particular stop, and there is no possibility of prompt reporting of emergency situations.

The well-known "Monitoring system for passenger traffic" POTOK "(http://www.promservis.ru/sistema_monitoringa_passazhiroperevozok.html) - [3]. The “Stream” system is an improvement of the invention “A system for recording and analyzing the flow of passengers and visitors” according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2304809, G07C 9/00, and further comprises door opening sensors, a navigation module and a wireless communication module (GPRS). The modern version of the system provides passenger counting using active infrared sensors, determining the direction of travel, determining the location and wireless data transmission.

The disadvantages of the system include the low accuracy of passenger counting, as well as the need to install dividing handrails in a wide doorway for the correct operation of the system (according to the price list dated 02.15.2011 http://www.promservis.ru/price_15_02_2011.zip). The installation of dividing handrails requires additional costs and makes the vehicle unsuitable for transporting passengers with prams and people with disabilities (wheelchairs).

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to increase the accuracy of passenger counting while improving the technical and operational characteristics of the automated passenger flow metering system.

The technical result is achieved in that in a system of automated passenger flow accounting in public transport, consisting of optical sensors for detecting a passenger, door position sensors, a navigation module, a communication module and a microprocessor information processing unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the optical sensors, door position sensors and the output navigation module, and the output is connected to the input of the communication module, new is that it additionally contains power sensors, made with the possibility of View placement on the steps of the vehicle and connected to the microprocessor information processing unit.

As a power sensor, a sensor based on the piezoelectric effect is used.

Determining the fact of a person passing by sensors with different operating principles and processing the signals of these sensors (integration) ensures the achievement of a technical result with respect to improving the accuracy of passenger flow calculation and improving the technical and operational characteristics of the system, since dividing handrails are not required for the system to work.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the processing of signals from two different sensors according to the principle of operation of the algorithms of integration improves the accuracy of calculation and the reliability of the system as a whole. The system uses optical and power sensors to detect if a passenger has passed through the vehicle’s doorway. Power sensors detect a passing person by pressing force and are placed on the steps of each entrance door. Optical sensors operate on the principle of a reflected beam and are placed above each metering point. Signals from the sensors are transmitted to the microprocessor-based information processing unit, which implements signal integration algorithms to eliminate false triggering (counting) situations and to ensure the most reliable record of the number of past ones. Determining the direction of passage of the passenger is due to the radiation of the optical sensor in two zones, which are located one after the other in the direction of passage of the person, and determining the sequence of signals from the optical and power sensors. In addition, the power sensor for a wide doorway (120 cm) has sensitive elements in an amount that allows you to determine the area in which the step is pressed. The number of detection zones of the power sensor is consistent with this number for the optical sensor. In the simplest case, the power sensor may have three zones that divide its surface in length into three equal parts. And two optical sensors each have their own detection zone and one common to both, which is located in the middle of the width of the doorway above the middle zone of the power sensor. This kind of coordination allows you to use the minimum number of sensors and does not require separation of the flow of passengers using handrails.

Data on the number of passengers passing through each door at each stop is stored in memory along with information about the time and location of the vehicle. The accumulated information is transmitted wirelessly. Also, using wireless data transmission, the dispatcher can be informed of an emergency on the route. The processing of data received from the system is carried out by the data processing center on a personal computer equipped with special software and means for receiving / transmitting data.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in figure 1, which presents a structural diagram of a system for automated accounting of passenger traffic in public transport.

The automated passenger flow accounting system is an on-board complex installed on a vehicle, which consists of a microprocessor-based information processing unit (1), to which the outputs of optical sensors (2), power sensors (3), door position sensors (4), and a navigation module are connected (5) and the input of the communication module (6).

The microprocessor processing unit (1) performs the functions of: processing the signals of passenger detection sensors (2, 3) and door position sensors (4) for counting passengers passing through the open door of the vehicle, interacting with the navigation module (5) to determine the coordinates of the location of the vehicle means, speed and time, interaction with the communication module (6) for processing commands from the data center and transmitting the accumulated data.

The microprocessor processing unit (1) is a dust- and moisture-proof housing that has connectors for connecting the sensor bus and the power line. The navigation module (5) and the communication module (6) can be located inside the unit or be external to it. The microprocessor processing unit (1) is located in the driver's cab in a place minimally exposed to vibrations, so as to provide access for maintenance personnel.

Passenger detection sensors (2, 3) are structurally dustproof and moisture-proof housing containing sensitive elements and electronic signal preprocessing circuits. The sensors are divided according to the principle of action into two types - optical and power sensors.

Optical sensors (2) operate in the infrared frequency range and detect the passenger below them by the radiation reflected from it. This technical solution is known and described, for example, in RF patent No. 80258, G08B 13/18 "Active photoelectric signaling device", approx. 01/27/2009 - [4]. Each sensor contains photoelectric elements for recording the passage, these are at least two radiation sources and two radiation receivers, a signal preprocessing circuit, a microcontroller, and additional measuring elements to determine the operating conditions of the sensor. One optical sensor provides counting in a doorway 60 cm wide. For a wide doorway (120 cm) two sensors are installed. Additional temperature and light meters under the sensor are needed to carry out the correction of radiation parameters in accordance with changes in external conditions. The radiation detector itself can serve as a radiation detector. The radiation power of the optical sensor is calculated taking into account the IEC62471 safety standard according to the procedure given in the article “Eye Safety of IREDs used in Lamp Applications” http://www.osram-os.com/osram_os/EN/ - [5].

Power sensors (3) detect a passing person by pressing a step. Sensors can be made on piezoelectric sensitive elements that generate an electric charge proportional to the force of pressing the sensor, this is a direct piezoelectric effect. This property of piezoelectrics is widely used in accelerometers (RF Patent 2400760, G01P 15/09, publ. September 27, 2010) - [6]. Piezoelectric sensors have high mechanical strength and minimal sensitivity to temperature changes. Additional meters are not required, since the characteristics of the sensor are practically not affected by temperature, and moisture penetration is critical only when completely filled, due to the closure of the sensor electrodes. More detailed information on the characteristics of piezoelectric elements can be found on the website of one of the manufacturers http://www.avrora-elma.ru/catalog.htm - [7]. The number of piezoelectric elements placed in the sensor housing depends on its size and the number of detection zones. The sensor housing is made in the form of an overlay for a step and has a minimum height, therefore, the signal processing circuit is placed in a separate unit, which is located as close to the sensor as possible and is attached to the interior panels.

The door position sensors (4) determine the moments of opening and closing the door, and their design and operation principle are selected depending on the installation location. These sensors can be used, for example, reed switches, Hall sensors or microswitches. These sensors provide an unmistakable determination of the opening and closing times of doors. The signal of the door position sensors can be processed by a separate circuit located in the housing of the optical sensor or the processing unit of the power sensor.

The work of the automated passenger flow accounting system.

The system starts from the moment the power is turned on. At the beginning of the work, diagnostics of all modules connected to the microprocessor unit (1) is performed. After which the system goes into standby mode.

The counting cycle begins with a signal from the door position sensor (4), while the signals from the passenger detection sensors (2, 3) are transmitted for processing to the microprocessor unit (1), which at the beginning of the counting cycle records the time value and location coordinates in the memory. As the doors close, the interrogation of the corresponding sensor channels stops and after the doors are closed, the time for closing the doors will be fixed and the counting cycle will be stopped, but until the vehicle starts moving it will not be completed. The navigation module (5) transmits data on the vehicle speed, on the basis of which the microprocessor unit (1) decides to complete the counting cycle and store the data in memory.

The proposed system of automated passenger flow accounting on public transport is feasible and operational. It works with high accuracy, easy to use and does not lead to a deterioration in the comfort of the vehicle, since it does not require limiting the free space of the doorway.

Claims (2)

1. The system of automated passenger flow accounting in public transport, consisting of optical sensors for detecting a passenger, door position sensors, a navigation module, a communication module and a microprocessor information processing unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the optical sensors for detecting a passenger, door position sensors and the output of the navigation module, and the output is connected to the input of the communication module, characterized in that it further comprises power sensors for detecting the passenger, made with possible Stu placing on the steps of the vehicle and outputs connected to the inputs of a microprocessor data processing unit. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor operating on the basis of the piezoelectric effect is used as a power passenger detection sensor.